本文關鍵詞：減氮條件下秸稈炭化與直接還田對旱地作物產量及綜合溫室效應的影響　出處：《南京農業(yè)大學學報》2016年06期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關文章： 旱地 生物質炭 減施氮肥 作物產量 綜合溫室效應

【摘要】：[目的]本文旨在研究秸稈及生物質炭形式還田下減施氮肥對旱地作物生產及溫室效應影響,以期為農業(yè)低碳生產及秸稈資源化利用提供依據。[方法]本研究選取華北平原典型旱地土壤(褐土)為研究對象,設置不同施氮水平并配合秸稈直接還田與生物質炭還田施用,對連續(xù)兩個作物生長季(玉米-小麥)的產量及溫室氣體排放進行觀測。共設置了7個施肥處理:1)不施肥處理(CK);2)常規(guī)秸稈還田配施全量化肥氮處理(SN100);3)秸稈還田配施化肥減氮10%處理(SN90);4)秸稈還田配施化肥減氮20%處理(SN80);5)生物質炭配施全量化肥氮處理(BN100);6)生物質炭配施化肥減氮10%處理(BN90);7)生物質炭還田配施化肥減氮20%處理(BN80)。采用靜態(tài)箱-氣相色譜法,在玉米-小麥輪作體系中進行全生育期土壤溫室氣體排放觀測,并測定作物產量。[結果]在保持作物產量穩(wěn)定的條件下,秸稈兩種還田方式均可降低10%~20%的氮肥施用,但秸稈還田配合氮肥減施對作物產量的影響因作物類型而異。減施氮肥顯著影響土壤溫室氣體排放,N2O隨氮肥施用量減少顯著降低;CH4排放主要表現為弱吸收匯;而秸稈還田處理的CO2排放隨氮肥的減少而呈增加趨勢,對應生物質炭還田處理的CO2排放變化趨勢相反。進一步結合作物產量分析表明,相對于常規(guī)秸稈還田措施,秸稈直接還田和炭化還田配合氮肥減施可使土壤溫室氣體排放強度(GHGI)分別降低36.40%~40.48%和40.48%~53.50%。[結論]生物質炭還田可在穩(wěn)定旱地作物產量的前提下實現氮肥減施與低碳生產。
[Abstract]:[Objective] the purpose of this study is to study the effect of reducing nitrogen application on dry land crop production and greenhouse effect under straw and biomass carbon return, so as to provide evidence for agricultural low carbon production and straw resource utilization. [method] this study selected typical upland soil (cinnamon soil) in the North China Plain as the research object, and set up different nitrogen levels and combined straw direct application and biochar application, and observed the yield and greenhouse gas emissions of two consecutive crops growing season (corn wheat). Set up a total of 7 treatments: 1) no fertilization (CK); 2) conventional straw fertilizer nitrogen chemical fertilizer (SN100); 3) straw fertilizer 10% reduction in nitrogen treatment (SN90); 4) straw fertilizer 20% reduction in nitrogen treatment (SN80); 5) the biomass carbon fertilizer all quantitative fertilizer nitrogen treatment (BN100); 6) biomass carbon fertilizer 10% reduction in nitrogen treatment (BN90); 7) biomass carbon to soil fertilizer 20% reduction in nitrogen treatment (BN80). The static box - gas chromatography (GC) was used to observe the soil greenhouse gas emission during the whole growth period and determine the crop yield in the corn - wheat rotation system. [result] under the condition of keeping crop yield stable, two ways of straw returning could reduce the nitrogen application of 10%~20%. However, the influence of straw returning and nitrogen application on crop yield varied with crop type. Reduction of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on soil N2O emissions of greenhouse gases, with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer decreased significantly decreased; CH4 emission mainly a weak sink; straw processing CO2 emissions decreased with nitrogen fertilizer increased, CO2 emissions corresponding to the change of biomass carbon to soil treatment contrary trend. Further analysis showed that the combination of crop yield, compared with the conventional straw, straw returning and reducing nitrogen fertilizer can make carbonization and returning with the intensity of greenhouse gas emission (GHGI) decreased 36.40%~40.48% and 40.48%~53.50% respectively. [Conclusion] the biomass carbon return field can achieve the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer and low carbon production on the premise of stabilizing the yield of dryland crops.
【正文快照】： 南京農業(yè)大學學報 2016 ， 39 ( 6 ) : 986－995 http : / /nauxb．njau．edu．cn Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University DOI : 10．7685 / jnau．201603033 逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄，

本文編號：1340534