本文選題：遙感 + 分形��； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：江西贛南地區(qū)位于我國南嶺巖脈活動帶,作為我國重要的有色金屬基地之一,在此處進行遙感礦化信息提取研究具有一定的代表性。本文利用ETM+影像和ASTER影像對研究區(qū)的線性構(gòu)造信息和蝕變信息進行了提取。分形理論可以通過不規(guī)則的現(xiàn)象揭示出復(fù)雜現(xiàn)象背后隱藏的規(guī)律,因此在對研究區(qū)的構(gòu)造信息定量化處理和蝕變信息分析的過程中使用了分形方法,從而對研究區(qū)的礦化信息進行綜合研究。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容及成果如下:1.通過對研究區(qū)地質(zhì)資料和影像資料的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)研究區(qū)內(nèi)存在大量對提取結(jié)果產(chǎn)生影響的信息,如植被、河流、第四系和山體陰影,尤其是植被覆蓋極多。在對研究區(qū)礦化信息進行提取前,對影像進行了去干擾研究,在植被覆蓋區(qū)使用“高植被區(qū)掩膜+中低植被區(qū)抑制”的模式進行處理,再與其它干擾信息取合膜進行剔除,取得了較好的應(yīng)用效果。2.對線性構(gòu)造信息進行定量化分析,利用盒計維數(shù)法進行維數(shù)統(tǒng)計,繪制出線性構(gòu)造的分維等值線圖。3.用來提取蝕變信息的方法有許多,本文結(jié)合研究區(qū)實例,對常見的比值法、主成分法、比值+主成分法和光譜角法進行效果和優(yōu)缺點的對比研究,總結(jié)出適合研究區(qū)情況的鐵染蝕變信息提取流程。4.在蝕變信息的分級時,分別使用門限法和分形法選取閾值,通過對比分析,分形方法中應(yīng)用最小二乘擬合選取的閾值具有更多的地質(zhì)內(nèi)涵,據(jù)此繪制出了研究區(qū)的鐵染蝕變信息分級圖。5.在不同的范圍內(nèi)分別使用ETM+影像和ASTER影像進行鐵染蝕變信息提取,通過與地質(zhì)資料的結(jié)合驗證,對兩種影像的提取效果和應(yīng)用價值進行闡述。6.將線性構(gòu)造分維等值線圖、鐵染蝕變異常分級圖和地質(zhì)圖進行疊加,發(fā)現(xiàn)構(gòu)造分維值高的地區(qū)也含有大量的蝕變信息,且展布特征一致,據(jù)此圈出了具有一定準確度的礦產(chǎn)預(yù)測靶區(qū)。經(jīng)與已知礦點和礦區(qū)等地質(zhì)資料的對比,印證了研究中方法的可行性。
[Abstract]:As one of the important nonferrous metal bases in our country, Jiangxi Gannan area is located in the active belt of the Nanling vein in China. The study of remote sensing mineralization information extraction in this area is representative to a certain extent. In this paper, ETM and ASTER images are used to extract the linear structure information and alteration information of the study area. Fractal theory can reveal the hidden law behind complex phenomena through irregular phenomena, so fractal method is used in the process of quantitative processing of structural information and analysis of alteration information in the study area. Therefore, the mineralization information of the study area is studied synthetically. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: 1. Based on the analysis of geological data and image data in the study area, it is found that there are a large number of information which affect the extraction results, such as vegetation, river, Quaternary and mountain shadow, especially vegetation cover. Before extracting the mineralized information from the study area, the image was studied for de-jamming, and the pattern of "high vegetation area masking low vegetation area inhibition" was used in the vegetation cover area, and then it was removed from the other interference information. Good application effect. 2. Based on the quantitative analysis of the linear construction information, the fractal contour map .3of the linear construction is drawn by using the box-count dimension method to carry out the dimension statistics. There are many methods used to extract alteration information. In this paper, we compare the effects, advantages and disadvantages of the common ratio method, principal component method, ratio principal component method and spectral angle method. The extraction process of iron stain alteration information suitable for the study area was summarized. 4. In the classification of alteration information, threshold method and fractal method are used to select threshold value respectively. Through comparison and analysis, it is found that the threshold value selected by least square fitting in fractal method has more geological connotation. According to this, the gradation diagram of iron stain alteration information in the study area was drawn. 5. The iron-stained alteration information is extracted from ETM image and ASTER image in different range. The extraction effect and application value of the two kinds of images are expounded by combining with geological data. By superposing the contour map of linear structural fractal dimension, the grading map of iron-stained alteration anomaly and the geological map, it is found that the areas with high structural fractal dimension also contain a large amount of alteration information, and the distribution characteristics are consistent. According to this, the target area of mineral resources prediction with certain accuracy is obtained. The feasibility of the method is verified by comparing with the geological data of known ore sites and mining areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P627
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本文編號：1792308