本文關(guān)鍵詞： 軸向柱塞泵 滑靴 靜壓支承 液阻 壓力場特性 自適應(yīng)性 組合油腔 工作性能　出處：《北京理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文以斜盤型軸向柱塞泵滑靴為研究對象，以提高軸向柱塞泵工作性能為目標(biāo)，對軸向柱塞泵滑靴工作性能進(jìn)行理論計算和結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)優(yōu)化研究。在普通結(jié)構(gòu)滑靴底面增設(shè)微米級深度的中心淺油腔，以改善潤滑油膜特性，從而達(dá)到提高滑靴工作性能的目的。對比普通結(jié)構(gòu)滑靴，研究了組合腔靜壓支承滑靴潤滑特性和靜壓支承自適應(yīng)性，并對其結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。 對流場有限體積數(shù)值計算求解經(jīng)典線性插值計算方法核心計算思想進(jìn)行剖析，從液壓液阻基本原理角度，闡述了經(jīng)典線性插值計算方法中流量計算模型數(shù)學(xué)形式上與平行間隙阻尼壓差流量特性的一致性；基于平行壁面間隙和傾斜壁面間隙液阻模型，提出了傾壁面液阻等效高度；從滑靴工作實際出發(fā)，根據(jù)傾斜壁面間隙阻尼壓差流量特性，運用等效液阻高度構(gòu)建了任意姿態(tài)壁面間隙壓差流量特性，基于WENO重構(gòu)建立了任意姿態(tài)滑靴潤滑流體微元的流量模型，對有限體積法差值計算方法進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。將“重構(gòu)”方法對普通結(jié)構(gòu)滑靴潤滑油膜壓力分布計算結(jié)果與插值計算方法計算結(jié)果比較，驗證了該方法的有效性，并就油膜擠壓效應(yīng)、供油壓力、滑靴姿態(tài)對壓力分布影響進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析，結(jié)果表明：供油壓力對靜壓影響較大，動壓壓力分布受擠壓效應(yīng)、滑靴姿態(tài)影響顯著。 結(jié)合阻尼小孔壓差流量模型和任意姿態(tài)滑靴壓力分布有限體積法“重構(gòu)”計算模型，建立了基于流量守恒原理的滑靴靜壓支承自適應(yīng)性分析模型，通過實時求解中心油腔壓力對滑靴自適應(yīng)性進(jìn)行研究。運用該模型研究了無量綱中心油腔壓力隨中心膜厚、阻尼孔直徑、供油壓力、介質(zhì)粘度、滑靴傾斜和泵轉(zhuǎn)速各影響因素的變化規(guī)律。為全面揭示滑靴潤滑內(nèi)在規(guī)律，根據(jù)滑靴實際受力情況，建立了滑靴動力學(xué)平衡模型，對滑靴周期動態(tài)潤滑特性進(jìn)行計算研究。研究表明：流量守恒原理是靜壓支承自適應(yīng)性的核心規(guī)律，通過中心油腔壓力實時變化實現(xiàn)進(jìn)口阻尼兩端壓差改變，對流量進(jìn)行實時調(diào)節(jié)，保證支撐反力和負(fù)載力之間的動態(tài)平衡，靜壓支承系統(tǒng)設(shè)計主要是靜壓支承自適應(yīng)性設(shè)計，中心油腔壓力變化范圍及敏感性是靜壓支承自適應(yīng)性的重要設(shè)計依據(jù)和評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 對以往滑靴結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)研究成果進(jìn)行分析，基于滑靴動靜壓混合作用機(jī)理，結(jié)合軸向柱塞泵滑靴工作實際，提出了組合油腔靜壓支承結(jié)構(gòu)滑靴。運用有限體積“重構(gòu)”計算方法、自適應(yīng)性研究方法對組合腔滑靴潤滑特性特性和自適應(yīng)性進(jìn)行研究，并對組合腔滑靴動態(tài)潤滑特性和自適應(yīng)性進(jìn)行計算研究。結(jié)果表明：組合腔滑靴不但改善了高速工況下的潤滑特性，而且提高了滑靴在低速工況下的動壓產(chǎn)生能力，提高了滑靴的工作性能和靜壓支承自適應(yīng)性。 最后對淺油腔的深度和半徑對組合腔滑靴潤滑油膜動壓力的影響進(jìn)行分析，將中心深油腔半徑、淺油腔半徑和滑靴外半徑確定為基本參數(shù)，為便于優(yōu)化算法參數(shù)范圍設(shè)置方便，以中心深油腔半徑、深淺油腔半徑差以及滑靴外半徑和中心淺油腔半徑差為優(yōu)化參數(shù)，以動力學(xué)平衡為約束條件，以滑靴總功率損失為目標(biāo)函數(shù)，，運用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粒子群優(yōu)化算法對組合腔滑靴幾何參數(shù)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化。。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the swash plate axial piston pump slipper as the research object, in order to improve the performance of axial piston pump as the goal, the axial piston pump slipper performance is optimized on the theoretical calculation and structure. In the general structure of sliding center of shallow oil cavity bottom added boots micron depth, in order to improve the properties of oil film lubrication thus, to improve the working performance of the slipper. In contrast to the common structure of slipper, the combined cavity slipper hydrostatic bearing lubrication characteristics and self adaptability, and the structure parameters are optimized.
The numerical calculation of finite volume of classical linear interpolation method to calculate the core idea to analyze, from the perspective of the basic principle of hydraulic fluid resistance, calculation model consistency mathematical form and parallel gap damping differential pressure flow characteristics of the flow calculation method described in classical linear interpolation; parallel model of clearance on the wall and inclined wall clearance stop, put forward inclined wall liquid resistance equivalent height; slipper from practical work, according to the inclined wall gap damping pressure flow characteristics, using the equivalent height of liquid resistance builds wall clearance arbitrary pose differential pressure flow characteristics, the flow model of arbitrary attitude slipper lubrication fluid element based on WENO reconstruction calculation the method of the finite volume method was improved. The difference between the "Reconstruction" method of calculation for the calculation results and the interpolation of common structure of slipper lubricating oil film pressure calculation. The effectiveness of the method is verified by comparing the results. The influence of oil squeeze effect, oil supply pressure and slipper posture on the pressure distribution is analyzed in detail. The results show that the oil pressure has great influence on the static pressure, and the distribution of the dynamic pressure and pressure is affected by the extrusion effect and the influence of the slipper posture is remarkable.
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