【摘要】：現(xiàn)代社會，隨著交通、通訊和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，人類的活動范圍越來越大，身份識別的難度和重要性也越來越突出，對人類自身身份識別的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性與實用性提出了更高的要求。所謂生物識別技術(shù)是指通過計算機與光學(xué)、聲學(xué)、生物傳感器和生物統(tǒng)計學(xué)原理等高科技手段密切結(jié)合，利用人體固有的生理特性和行為特征進行個人身份鑒定的技術(shù)。傳統(tǒng)意義上的生物識別技術(shù)如指紋、虹膜、掌紋、語音等在實際應(yīng)用中雖然取得了成功，但都面臨著安全問題——使用者的身份易被仿冒，因此需要新的技術(shù)來克服這種不安全性和不可靠性。心音是來自于人體內(nèi)部的內(nèi)源性生理信號，所具有的獨特生理特征使其有望成為新型身份識別方法之一。 本文研究開發(fā)基于心音信號分析的嵌入式身份識別系統(tǒng)。在心音信號預(yù)處理、特征提取及匹配識別等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)領(lǐng)域研究基礎(chǔ)上，重點設(shè)計了心音身份識別嵌入式系統(tǒng)的軟硬件平臺，開發(fā)心音身份識別軟件，實現(xiàn)嵌入式心音身份識別系統(tǒng)。主要研究內(nèi)容如下： （1）研究心音信號用于身份識別的原理及其時頻域特性，回顧了心音身份識別的歷史和國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀。 （2）提出了心音信號的小波包變換倒譜系數(shù)（Wavelet Package Cepstrum Coefficients，WPCC）特征參數(shù)提取方法，結(jié)合矢量量化生成穩(wěn)定的表征個人身份的心音碼本，并在LabVIEW平臺上編程實現(xiàn)。 （3）設(shè)計嵌入式心音身份識別系統(tǒng)的上下位機，下位機包括心音拾音頭、有源濾波放大電路、主放大電路、dsPIC主控單元電路、HC-06藍牙發(fā)送電路以及電源電路，上位機包括HC-06藍牙接收電平轉(zhuǎn)換電路、工控主板和液晶屏。下位機采集心音信號，對其進行濾波放大，經(jīng)過AD轉(zhuǎn)換后實現(xiàn)藍牙無線傳輸；上位機接收心音信號，負責(zé)人機交互和識別算法處理，實現(xiàn)心音身份的有效識別。 （4）基于LabVIEW設(shè)計心音身份識別軟件，，結(jié)合MicrosoftAccess2007構(gòu)建心音數(shù)據(jù)庫，實現(xiàn)信號采集、用戶注冊、用戶辨識和系統(tǒng)設(shè)置的功能，生成安裝文件，實現(xiàn)在嵌入式平臺上的無縫移植。 （5）開發(fā)Windows Embedded Standard嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)，實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)功能定制、驅(qū)動定制和啟動定制，搭載基于LabVIEW設(shè)計的心音身份識別軟件，靈活方便的實現(xiàn)基于心音信號的身份識別。 本文的研究提供了一種準(zhǔn)確率高、防偽能力強的生物識別新設(shè)備，可以為當(dāng)前社會所面臨的各種身份鑒定和信息安全問題提供較為理想的解決方案。
[Abstract]:In modern society, with the rapid development of traffic, communication and network technology, the range of human activities is becoming larger and larger, and the difficulty and importance of identity recognition are becoming more and more prominent. Safety and practicability put forward higher requirements. The so-called biometrics technology is a technology that combines computer with optics, acoustics, biosensor and biostatistics, and makes use of the inherent physiological and behavioral characteristics of human body to carry out personal identification. Traditional biometrics, such as fingerprint, iris, palmprint, speech and so on, have been successful in practical applications, but they all face security problems-the identity of the user is easy to be counterfeited. New technologies are therefore needed to overcome this insecurity and unreliability. Heart sound is an endogenous physiological signal from the human body, which is expected to be one of the new identification methods due to its unique physiological characteristics. In this paper, an embedded identity recognition system based on heart sound signal analysis is developed. Based on the research of heart sound signal preprocessing, feature extraction and matching recognition, the hardware and software platform of heart sound identity recognition embedded system is designed, and the heart sound identity recognition software is developed. The embedded heart sound identity recognition system is implemented. The main research contents are as follows: (1) the principle and time-frequency characteristic of heart sound signal used in identity recognition are studied, and the history of heart sound identification and the research status at home and abroad are reviewed. (2) the method of extracting feature parameters of heart sound signal based on wavelet packet transform cepstrum coefficient (Wavelet Package Cepstrum Coefficients,WPCC) is proposed. A stable heart sound codebook is generated by vector quantization and implemented on LabVIEW platform. (3) the upper and lower computer of the embedded heart sound identification system is designed. The lower computer includes the heart sound pickup head, the active filter amplifier circuit, the main amplifier circuit, the dsPIC main control unit circuit, the HC-06 Bluetooth sending circuit and the power supply circuit. Upper computer includes HC-06 Bluetooth receiving level conversion circuit, industrial control motherboard and LCD screen. The lower computer collects the heart sound signal, filters and amplifies it, realizes the Bluetooth wireless transmission after the AD conversion; the upper computer receives the heart sound signal, is responsible for the man-machine interaction and the recognition algorithm processing, realizes the heart sound identity effective recognition. (4) Design the heart sound identification software based on LabVIEW, build heart sound database with MicrosoftAccess2007, realize the functions of signal collection, user registration, user identification and system setup, generate installation files, and realize seamless transplantation on embedded platform. (5) develop Windows Embedded Standard embedded operating system, realize system function customization, drive customization and start customization, carry the heart sound identification software based on LabVIEW design, and realize the identity recognition based on heart sound signal flexibly and conveniently. The research in this paper provides a new biometric equipment with high accuracy and strong anti-counterfeiting ability, which can provide a more ideal solution to the problems of identification and information security in the current society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TP391.4;TP368.1

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