基于嵌入式Linux的多功能移動(dòng)終端研究與實(shí)現(xiàn)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-11 20:06
【摘要】：隨著嵌入式技術(shù)與移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,基于嵌入式多功能的圖形化移動(dòng)終端成為一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)研究領(lǐng)域。尤其在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的推動(dòng)下,傳統(tǒng)實(shí)體渠道因營業(yè)前臺(tái)服務(wù)壓力大、服務(wù)效率低,難以滿足客戶的實(shí)時(shí)服務(wù)需求,而電子渠道通過將產(chǎn)品的銷售與服務(wù)數(shù)字化,實(shí)現(xiàn)供應(yīng)商和客戶之間的直接交易,符合市場發(fā)展的需求。因此,開發(fā)一款既具備賬單打印、磁條卡刷卡和非接觸式刷卡等電子消費(fèi)功能,又具備語音、空中充值、售卡等運(yùn)營業(yè)務(wù)辦理功能的電子渠道智能終端顯得很有必要。 本文通過對(duì)多功能移動(dòng)終端的功能需求進(jìn)行分析,提出了終端硬件和軟件的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案,并從硬件和軟件兩個(gè)方面研究具體的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程。硬件方面：以處理器硬件資源能否滿足功能需求為前提,完成芯片選型和外圍關(guān)鍵模塊的電路設(shè)計(jì)；軟件方面：移植Linux內(nèi)核,搭建系統(tǒng)開發(fā)環(huán)境。最后重點(diǎn)研究了在嵌入式Linux平臺(tái)下基于幀緩沖的LCD驅(qū)動(dòng)開發(fā)和系統(tǒng)軟件低功耗的實(shí)現(xiàn),并提出了一套符合嵌入式系統(tǒng)軟件低功耗管理的方案。 本文的主要工作包括以下幾個(gè)方面： 1.首先,選擇ARM9E系列處理器S3C2416為主CPU,選取Linux為嵌入操作系統(tǒng),依據(jù)功能需求設(shè)計(jì)軟硬件總體方案。然后設(shè)計(jì)外圍關(guān)鍵模塊電路,如LCD模塊、磁條卡模塊、IC卡模塊、NFC模塊、USB擴(kuò)展模塊。 2.基于硬件平臺(tái),搭建開發(fā)環(huán)境。包括以下幾部分：a.建立交叉編譯開發(fā)環(huán)境。b.修改U-Boot源碼并移植到硬件平臺(tái)。c.分析Linux內(nèi)核源碼,實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)核的裁剪、編譯與移植；d.根文件系統(tǒng)(選取YAFFS)的創(chuàng)建。此外,為了滿足系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用程序支持用戶圖形界面開發(fā)和嵌入式數(shù)據(jù)庫開發(fā)的需求,移植Qt/Embedded、SQLite。 3.介紹了在嵌入式Linux系統(tǒng)下設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的開發(fā)流程,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)外圍設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的開發(fā)。本文著重研究在嵌入式Linux內(nèi)核下的幀緩沖驅(qū)動(dòng)與LCD設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)的工作原理,開發(fā)基于幀緩沖的LCD設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)程序,并編寫LCD應(yīng)用程序,通過直接顯示位圖和顯示Qt高級(jí)圖形界面這兩種方法來檢驗(yàn)LCD驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的可行性和穩(wěn)定性。 4.本文重點(diǎn)研究了嵌入式系統(tǒng)軟件低功耗的設(shè)計(jì)。利用Linux的調(diào)度機(jī)制和APM電源管理技術(shù),通過修改u-boot制作虛擬BIOS以支持APM電源管理,結(jié)合處理器的節(jié)能模式設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)工作狀態(tài),并通過利用Linux的固有數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與函數(shù),在應(yīng)用層采用閾值預(yù)測(cè)和TimeOut技術(shù)相結(jié)合的策略,實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)工作狀態(tài)的智能轉(zhuǎn)換,同時(shí),為了進(jìn)一步的優(yōu)化功耗管理,在設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)層針對(duì)特定的外圍設(shè)備建立設(shè)備功耗管理表與隊(duì)列的索引機(jī)制,實(shí)現(xiàn)特定設(shè)備的主動(dòng)休眠,最終使系統(tǒng)休眠功耗僅占系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行功耗的12.63%,達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of embedded technology and mobile communication technology, the graphical mobile terminal based on embedded multi-function has become a hot research field. Especially under the promotion of Internet technology, the traditional physical channel is difficult to meet the real-time service demand of customers because of the pressure of the business foreground service and the low efficiency of the service, and the electronic channel digitizes the sales and service of the products. Achieve direct transactions between suppliers and customers, in line with the needs of market development. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an electronic channel intelligent terminal which not only has the functions of bill printing, magnetic stripe card swipe card and non-contact swipe card, but also has the functions of voice, air charging, selling card and so on. By analyzing the functional requirements of multi-function mobile terminals, this paper puts forward the overall design scheme of the hardware and software of the terminal, and studies the implementation process from the two aspects of hardware and software. Hardware: on the premise of whether the processor hardware resources can meet the functional requirements, complete the chip selection and peripheral key module circuit design; Software: transplant the Linux kernel, build the system development environment. Finally, the development of LCD driver based on frame buffer and the realization of low power consumption of system software under embedded Linux platform are studied, and a set of low power management scheme for embedded system software is proposed. The main work of this paper includes the following aspects: 1. Firstly, ARM9E series processor S3C2416 is selected as the main CPU, Linux is selected as embedded operating system, and the overall scheme of software and hardware is designed according to the functional requirements. Then design the peripheral key module circuit, such as LCD module, magnetic strip card module, IC card module, NFC module, USB extension module. 2. Build the development environment based on hardware platform. It includes the following parts: a. Build a cross-compiler development environment. Modified U-Boot source code and ported to the hardware platform. C. Analysis of the Linux kernel source code, to achieve kernel clipping, compilation and transplantation; d. The creation of the root file system (select YAFFS). In addition, in order to meet the needs of system applications supporting user graphical interface development and embedded database development, Qt/Embedded,SQLite. is transplanted. 3. This paper introduces the development process of device driver in embedded Linux system and realizes the development of peripheral device driver. This paper focuses on the working principle of frame buffer driver and LCD device driver based on embedded Linux kernel, develops LCD device driver based on frame buffer, and writes LCD application program. The feasibility and stability of LCD driver are verified by direct display of bitmap and display of Qt advanced graphical interface. 4. This paper focuses on the design of low-power embedded system software. Using the scheduling mechanism of Linux and APM power management technology, virtual BIOS is made by modifying u-boot to support APM power management, and the working state of the system is designed in combination with the energy saving mode of the processor, and the inherent data structure and function of Linux are used. In the application layer, the strategy of combining threshold prediction and TimeOut technology is adopted to realize the intelligent transformation of the system working state. At the same time, in order to further optimize the power management, In the device driver layer, the index mechanism of device power management table and queue is set up for a specific peripheral device to realize active hibernation of a particular device. Finally, the system sleep power consumption accounts for only 12.63 of the running power consumption of the system, which meets the design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP368.1
本文編號(hào)：2373145
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of embedded technology and mobile communication technology, the graphical mobile terminal based on embedded multi-function has become a hot research field. Especially under the promotion of Internet technology, the traditional physical channel is difficult to meet the real-time service demand of customers because of the pressure of the business foreground service and the low efficiency of the service, and the electronic channel digitizes the sales and service of the products. Achieve direct transactions between suppliers and customers, in line with the needs of market development. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an electronic channel intelligent terminal which not only has the functions of bill printing, magnetic stripe card swipe card and non-contact swipe card, but also has the functions of voice, air charging, selling card and so on. By analyzing the functional requirements of multi-function mobile terminals, this paper puts forward the overall design scheme of the hardware and software of the terminal, and studies the implementation process from the two aspects of hardware and software. Hardware: on the premise of whether the processor hardware resources can meet the functional requirements, complete the chip selection and peripheral key module circuit design; Software: transplant the Linux kernel, build the system development environment. Finally, the development of LCD driver based on frame buffer and the realization of low power consumption of system software under embedded Linux platform are studied, and a set of low power management scheme for embedded system software is proposed. The main work of this paper includes the following aspects: 1. Firstly, ARM9E series processor S3C2416 is selected as the main CPU, Linux is selected as embedded operating system, and the overall scheme of software and hardware is designed according to the functional requirements. Then design the peripheral key module circuit, such as LCD module, magnetic strip card module, IC card module, NFC module, USB extension module. 2. Build the development environment based on hardware platform. It includes the following parts: a. Build a cross-compiler development environment. Modified U-Boot source code and ported to the hardware platform. C. Analysis of the Linux kernel source code, to achieve kernel clipping, compilation and transplantation; d. The creation of the root file system (select YAFFS). In addition, in order to meet the needs of system applications supporting user graphical interface development and embedded database development, Qt/Embedded,SQLite. is transplanted. 3. This paper introduces the development process of device driver in embedded Linux system and realizes the development of peripheral device driver. This paper focuses on the working principle of frame buffer driver and LCD device driver based on embedded Linux kernel, develops LCD device driver based on frame buffer, and writes LCD application program. The feasibility and stability of LCD driver are verified by direct display of bitmap and display of Qt advanced graphical interface. 4. This paper focuses on the design of low-power embedded system software. Using the scheduling mechanism of Linux and APM power management technology, virtual BIOS is made by modifying u-boot to support APM power management, and the working state of the system is designed in combination with the energy saving mode of the processor, and the inherent data structure and function of Linux are used. In the application layer, the strategy of combining threshold prediction and TimeOut technology is adopted to realize the intelligent transformation of the system working state. At the same time, in order to further optimize the power management, In the device driver layer, the index mechanism of device power management table and queue is set up for a specific peripheral device to realize active hibernation of a particular device. Finally, the system sleep power consumption accounts for only 12.63 of the running power consumption of the system, which meets the design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP368.1
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