【摘要】：目前在導(dǎo)航接收系統(tǒng)中，通常需要控制盒來完成對(duì)機(jī)載設(shè)備的加電、工作頻率或波道的轉(zhuǎn)換、系統(tǒng)音量、顯示亮度等功能的操作與控制，而控制盒中的核心部份即是單片機(jī)。單片機(jī)已廣泛應(yīng)用于儀器儀表、航空航天、專用設(shè)備的智能化控制等領(lǐng)域。本項(xiàng)目是通過對(duì)控制盒的核心部份單片機(jī)的選型和相應(yīng)的軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)字化羅盤對(duì)控制盒的功能需求。 首先本項(xiàng)目對(duì)國內(nèi)外同類型的控制盒進(jìn)行了充分的調(diào)研、分析；按照無線電羅盤的軍用和民用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以及數(shù)字化羅盤的功能要求確定出控制盒需具備的各項(xiàng)功能。根據(jù)控制盒的功能要求和目前單片機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)選擇適宜的單片機(jī)，按照數(shù)字化羅盤控制盒的產(chǎn)品功能需求和顧客的實(shí)際操作需求確定出控制盒的設(shè)計(jì)方案，從硬件和軟件上對(duì)控制盒進(jìn)行功能模塊化的劃分。 其次本項(xiàng)目對(duì)控制盒硬件部份進(jìn)行了合理規(guī)劃，將硬件按功能劃分為控制面板、顯示板和微處理板等三個(gè)部份。對(duì)控制面板的操作按鍵和旋鈕以及顯示板部份進(jìn)行組合設(shè)計(jì)，在核心的微處理板部份采用目前運(yùn)用較多的ATmega128芯片作為微處理器，整體上簡(jiǎn)化了控制盒的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)，對(duì)硬件從結(jié)構(gòu)和電路上進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，實(shí)現(xiàn)了控制盒硬件的可靠性、安全性和維修性設(shè)計(jì)。 對(duì)軟件部份本項(xiàng)目按功能要求進(jìn)行了模塊化劃分，劃分為按鍵掃描模塊、波道調(diào)節(jié)模塊、旋鈕檢測(cè)模塊、同步模塊、頻率調(diào)節(jié)模塊、音量/亮度調(diào)節(jié)模塊、自檢模塊、與FPGA通信模塊、屏幕顯示模塊。對(duì)各功能模塊軟件詳細(xì)描述了軟件的設(shè)計(jì)思路，對(duì)相應(yīng)功能軟件進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)，提出了控制盒與收訊主機(jī)的通信協(xié)議要求和程序設(shè)計(jì)要求，實(shí)現(xiàn)了控制盒數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了防差錯(cuò)設(shè)計(jì)和控制系統(tǒng)軟件的抗干擾設(shè)計(jì)。 數(shù)字化羅盤控制盒的軟件和硬件設(shè)計(jì)方案，經(jīng)過工程化設(shè)計(jì)和樣機(jī)試制得到實(shí)現(xiàn)。通過對(duì)工程化樣機(jī)實(shí)物在試制過程中的問題處理和最終的產(chǎn)品性能功能測(cè)試，，證明能有效地與羅盤收訊機(jī)和另一個(gè)控制盒進(jìn)行通信，實(shí)現(xiàn)人機(jī)控制功能，達(dá)到了數(shù)字化羅盤對(duì)控制盒的功能和性能需求。
[Abstract]:At present, in the navigation receiving system, the control box is usually needed to complete the operation and control of the on-board equipment, the conversion of the working frequency or the channel, the system volume, the display brightness and so on. The core part of the control box is the single chip microcomputer. Single-chip computer has been widely used in instrument, aerospace, intelligent control of special equipment and other fields. Through the selection of the core part of the control box and the corresponding software and hardware design, this project realizes the function requirement of the digital compass to the control box. First of all, the control box of the same type at home and abroad has been fully investigated and analyzed, and according to the military and civil standards of the radio compass and the function requirements of the digital compass, the functions of the control box are determined. According to the function requirement of the control box and the development trend of the single chip microcomputer, the design scheme of the control box is determined according to the function requirement of the digital compass control box and the practical operation demand of the customer. The function of the control box is divided from hardware and software. Secondly, the hardware part of the control box is reasonably planned, and the hardware is divided into three parts according to its function: control panel, display panel and micro-processing board. The operation keys, knobs and display panel parts of the control panel are designed in combination. In the core micro-processing board, more ATmega128 chips are used as microprocessors at present, which simplifies the hardware structure of the control box as a whole. The design of reliability, security and maintainability of the control box hardware is realized by optimizing the hardware structure and circuit. According to the function requirement, the software part is divided into three modules: keystroke scanning module, channel adjusting module, knob detecting module, synchronous module, frequency adjusting module, volume / luminance adjusting module, self-checking module, etc. Communicate with FPGA module, screen display module. The design idea of each function module software is described in detail, the corresponding function software is optimized, and the communication protocol requirements and program design requirements between the control box and the receiving host are put forward. The control box data transmission system is designed for error prevention and anti-interference design of control system software. The software and hardware design of the digital compass control box is realized through engineering design and prototype trial production. Through dealing with the problems in the process of trial manufacture of the engineering prototype and testing the function of the final product, it is proved that it can communicate effectively with the compass receiver and another control box, and realize the man-machine control function. The function and performance requirements of the digital compass for the control box are achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：V249.122;TP368.12

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