【摘要】：3D打印技術(shù)已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷近四十年發(fā)展歷程,其中基于熔融沉積(FDM)的技術(shù)是在目前幾大3D打印技術(shù)中應(yīng)用最為廣泛的技術(shù)。因?yàn)樵摷夹g(shù)的成本低,可供打印的材料廣泛等方面,基于FDM的3D打印技術(shù)得以應(yīng)用在各行各業(yè)中,幾乎可以應(yīng)用在制造業(yè)中的任何行業(yè)�；谠摯蛴〖夹g(shù)原理的打印設(shè)備是涉及了機(jī)械、電氣、控制、信息和材料等多個(gè)學(xué)科,屬于典型的多學(xué)科復(fù)雜交叉的機(jī)電系統(tǒng)。本文結(jié)合基于FDM的3D打印技術(shù)和并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)技術(shù),設(shè)計(jì)了一臺(tái)并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)的3D打印機(jī),并完成樣機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)制造,樣機(jī)的系統(tǒng)主要是由機(jī)械系統(tǒng)、硬件控制系統(tǒng)以及軟件系統(tǒng)三大系統(tǒng)組成,在闡述系統(tǒng)的組成中介紹了并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)3D打印機(jī)的打印成型過程。為本文的研究重點(diǎn)并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)3D打印機(jī)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析以及成型精度的研究奠定了研究基礎(chǔ)。首先,從并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)3D打印機(jī)的機(jī)械本體結(jié)構(gòu)入手,分析了機(jī)械本體機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特性,分析得到了并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)3D打印機(jī)的機(jī)構(gòu)自由度以及運(yùn)動(dòng)的形式。隨后,對(duì)并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)3D打印機(jī)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)方程進(jìn)行推導(dǎo),得到了運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)的正反解方程,并結(jié)合虛擬樣機(jī)軟件ADAMS對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,證實(shí)了這類并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)用在3D打印機(jī)中是可行的。其次,從機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)的誤差和打印的工藝參數(shù)兩個(gè)方面分析了影響并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)3D打印機(jī)的打印模型成型精度,并對(duì)機(jī)械的模型誤差進(jìn)行誤差建模。并且建立簡(jiǎn)化的誤差模型,分離誤差模型中位姿誤差和位置誤差,分析不同來源的幾何誤差對(duì)打印頭輸出末端的誤差影響。最后,針對(duì)打印工藝參數(shù)對(duì)中的關(guān)鍵的參數(shù),即分層厚度?、打印頭溫度T0、工作平臺(tái)溫度T1、打印頭的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度四個(gè)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)。設(shè)計(jì)正交試驗(yàn)分析在不同的尺寸方向上,關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的不同參數(shù)水平對(duì)尺寸精度的影響程度。基于不同因素的是否顯著影響的條件下,提出了不同方向上的誤差補(bǔ)償方程,對(duì)為實(shí)際的應(yīng)用中提高并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)3D打印機(jī)的打印精度提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:3D printing technology has been developed for nearly 40 years, among which the technology based on fused deposition (FDM) is the most widely used in several major 3D printing technologies. Because of its low cost and wide range of printing materials, 3D printing technology based on FDM can be applied in various industries, almost any industry in manufacturing industry. The printing equipment based on the principle of the printing technology involves mechanical, electrical, control, information and materials and so on. Combined with 3D printing technology based on FDM and parallel mechanism technology, this paper designs a 3D printer with parallel structure, and completes the design and manufacture of the prototype. The system of the prototype is mainly composed of mechanical system. Hardware control system and software system are made up of three systems. The printing process of parallel 3D printer is introduced in this paper. It lays a foundation for the kinematics analysis and the research of forming accuracy of 3D printer with parallel structure. Firstly, starting with the mechanical structure of the parallel 3D printer, the kinematics characteristics of the mechanism are analyzed, and the degree of freedom and the form of motion of the parallel 3D printer are obtained. Then, the kinematics equation of 3D printer with parallel structure is deduced, and the forward and inverse kinematics equations are obtained, and the kinematics characteristics of the mechanism are verified with the virtual prototype software ADAMS. It is proved that this kind of parallel mechanism is feasible in 3D printer. Secondly, from two aspects of the error of mechanical structure and the process parameters of printing, the paper analyzes the accuracy of the printing model of 3D printer with parallel structure, and models the error of the model of machine. A simplified error model is established to separate the position error and position error from the error model and to analyze the effect of geometric errors from different sources on the errors at the output end of print head. Finally, aiming at the key parameters of printing process parameters, that is, delamination thickness?, printing head temperature T0, working platform temperature T1, and printing head moving speed four key parameters. The orthogonal test was designed to analyze the degree of influence of different parameter levels of key parameters on dimensional accuracy in different dimension directions. The error compensation equations in different directions are proposed based on whether different factors are significantly affected or not, which provides a theoretical basis for improving the printing accuracy of parallel 3D printers in practical applications.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TP334.8

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