發(fā)布時間：2018-11-25 18:25

【摘要】：大數(shù)據(jù)量的復雜計算在各個學科的研究和應用中得到越來越廣泛的關注，并行計算成為提高計算速度的有效方法，相應的計算模型在重要的計算應用領域中已經取得了實質進步，但并行機、并行模型、并行算法、并行語言的設計與開發(fā)千差萬別、沒有一個統(tǒng)一的標準，傳統(tǒng)的單一并行計算模型在形式上變得越來越復雜。因此，以并行計算的一般步驟為理論基礎，以各種并行開發(fā)工具、開發(fā)標準、開發(fā)語言為軟件平臺，以基于機群、多核CPU、多核GPU等不同硬件架構的異構并行機為硬件支撐，提出一種異構環(huán)境下分層并行通用計算模型。模型分為三個階段：程序模型算法設計階段、并行程序設計階段、并行程序執(zhí)行階段。 本文基于模型分層并行通用的開發(fā)理念，闡述了程序模型算法設計階段、并行程序設計階段、并行程序執(zhí)行階段的架構，并設計了解釋系統(tǒng)和編譯系統(tǒng)作為溝通各階段的橋梁。首先，程序模型算法設計階段的并行算法經解釋系統(tǒng)的解析生成并行程序設計階段的并行程序；然后，并行程序經過編譯系統(tǒng)的編譯鏈接輸出可執(zhí)行程序；最后，在并行程序執(zhí)行階段可執(zhí)行程序轉化為機器語言執(zhí)行在相應的軟/硬件架構上。其次，為了擺脫傳統(tǒng)串行編程語言的束縛，從語言成分上直接支持并行開發(fā)，提出了基于標簽語法的模型設計語言，使并行程序更容易在并行機上實現(xiàn)；基于通用編程的理念設計了通用模板庫，用于抽象現(xiàn)存的各種并行開發(fā)工具或開發(fā)標準的開發(fā)模式，并且針對不同開發(fā)語言提供統(tǒng)一的編程框架；針對不同研究領域內并行計算特有的結構特征，設計專用模板庫；為了降低將原串行程序并行化的復雜度，建立高頻函數(shù)庫，封裝現(xiàn)有各種并行開發(fā)工具中的高頻使用函數(shù)，將原本復雜的并行程序簡化成方法庫中一個簡單的并行函數(shù)或方法；針對復雜的并行機軟/硬件架構和支撐環(huán)境建立參數(shù)庫，用于描述虛擬的參數(shù)化的并行機。 在模型的人機交互方面設計了一款能夠支持多并行開發(fā)工具、多并行開發(fā)語言的集成開發(fā)環(huán)境，，程序開發(fā)者可以快速便捷的編寫、調試、運行并行程序。理論和實踐分析結果表明，本文提出的異構環(huán)境下分層并行通用計算模型每個階段的針對性強、通用性高、易于擴展，能夠高效的實現(xiàn)目標問題到并行機的映射。
[Abstract]:The complex computing of large amount of data has been paid more and more attention in the research and application of various disciplines. Parallel computing has become an effective method to improve the computing speed. The corresponding computing models have made substantial progress in important computing applications, but the design and development of parallel computers, parallel models, parallel algorithms, parallel languages are very different, and there is no unified standard. The traditional single parallel computing model becomes more and more complex in form. Therefore, taking the general steps of parallel computing as the theoretical basis, taking various parallel development tools, development standards and development languages as the software platform, and taking heterogeneous parallel machines based on cluster, multi-core CPU, and multi-core GPU as the hardware support, In this paper, a general computing model of hierarchical and parallel computing in heterogeneous environment is proposed. The model is divided into three stages: program model algorithm design phase, parallel program execution phase. Based on the general development concept of model hierarchy and parallelism, this paper expounds the framework of program model algorithm design phase and parallel program execution stage, and designs the interpretation system and compilation system as a bridge to communicate with each stage. Firstly, the parallel algorithm in the program model algorithm design stage is interpreted to generate the parallel program in the parallel program design stage, and then the parallel program outputs the executable program through the compilation link of the compiled system. Finally, in the parallel program execution stage, the executable program can be transformed into machine language execution on the corresponding software / hardware architecture. Secondly, in order to get rid of the shackles of the traditional serial programming language and directly support parallel development from the language component, a model design language based on tag syntax is proposed, which makes the parallel program easier to be implemented on parallel computer. Based on the concept of general programming, a general template library is designed, which is used to abstract the existing parallel development tools or development standards, and to provide a unified programming framework for different development languages. According to the special structure of parallel computing in different research fields, a special template library is designed. In order to reduce the complexity of parallelizing the original serial program, the high frequency function library is established, and the high frequency function of the existing parallel development tools is encapsulated. The original complex parallel program is simplified into a simple parallel function or method in the method library. A parameter library is built for complex parallel computer software / hardware architecture and supporting environment to describe virtual parameterized parallel machines. An integrated development environment which can support multi-parallel development tools and multi-parallel development languages is designed for man-machine interaction of the model. Program developers can write debug and run parallel programs quickly and conveniently. The theoretical and practical analysis results show that the hierarchical parallel general computing model proposed in this paper has the advantages of strong pertinence, high generality and easy to be extended, and it can efficiently realize the mapping of target problem to parallel machine.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TP338.6

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本文編號：2357025