【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代城市作戰(zhàn)中,因?yàn)榫褤羰志哂须[蔽性好、獨(dú)立性高、戰(zhàn)法靈活等特點(diǎn),能夠以最小的代價(jià)對(duì)對(duì)方軍隊(duì)造成最大的威脅,所以及時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確地發(fā)現(xiàn)敵方狙擊手,對(duì)于保護(hù)我方士兵有著重要的意義。 聲源定位技術(shù)具有功耗低、實(shí)時(shí)性高、便于小型化等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在反狙擊探測(cè)系統(tǒng)中應(yīng)用廣泛。本文針對(duì)基于聲達(dá)時(shí)間差的超音速子彈聲源定位技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究。 現(xiàn)代狙擊步槍子彈在激發(fā)的瞬間會(huì)在槍口產(chǎn)生爆轟波,激發(fā)后彈丸以超音速在空氣中飛行,會(huì)在子彈的周圍形成“N”形波。本文研究了基于爆轟波和“N”形波信號(hào)聲達(dá)時(shí)間差的聲源定位方法；根據(jù)這兩種信號(hào)不同的特點(diǎn),探討了基于互相關(guān)的爆轟波到達(dá)聲傳感器陣列中各聲傳感器的時(shí)延估計(jì)方法,提出了基于模擬信號(hào)處理器的“N”形波到達(dá)各聲傳感器的時(shí)延估計(jì)方法。 在硬件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)中,采用十六位超低功耗微芯片MSP430x5xx作為控制器,實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于FLASH的定位記錄存儲(chǔ)功能；設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了鍵盤和LCD顯示模塊,以表盤的形式顯示定位信息,用戶可以對(duì)以往定位記錄進(jìn)行查看并可對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)置；設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘模塊,為系統(tǒng)提供日期和時(shí)間信息；設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)的溫度傳感器模塊,實(shí)時(shí)測(cè)量定位系統(tǒng)所處環(huán)境的溫度,利用測(cè)得的溫度對(duì)聲速進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償,提高定位精度。 在論文的最后對(duì)提出的爆轟波和“N”形波時(shí)延估計(jì)算法進(jìn)行了仿真測(cè)試,并對(duì)仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析。仿真結(jié)果顯示,提出的爆轟波和“N”形波時(shí)延估計(jì)方法能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)比較準(zhǔn)確的時(shí)延估計(jì)。
[Abstract]:In modern urban warfare, because snipers have the characteristics of good concealment, high independence, flexible tactics, and so on, they can pose the greatest threat to the opposing forces at the lowest cost, so they can be found in time and accurately. It is of great significance to protect our soldiers. Sound source location technology is widely used in anti-sniper detection system because of its advantages of low power consumption, high real-time performance and miniaturization. In this paper, the supersonic bullet sound source location technology based on time difference of acoustic arrival (ATD) is studied. Modern sniper rifle bullets will produce detonation waves at the muzzle at the moment of firing. The projectiles will fly in the air at supersonic speed after firing and form "N" waves around the bullets. In this paper, the acoustic source location method based on the time difference of acoustic arrival between detonation wave and "N" wave signal is studied. According to the different characteristics of the two signals, the method of estimating the time delay of each acoustic sensor in the array of acoustic sensors by detonation wave based on cross-correlation is discussed. A time delay estimation method based on analog signal processor for "N" wave arrival of acoustic sensors is proposed. In the design of the hardware system, the 16-bit ultra-low power microchip MSP430x5xx is used as the controller to realize the location record storage function based on FLASH. The keyboard and LCD display module are designed and implemented to display the positioning information in the form of a dial. The user can view the previous positioning records and set up the system, and the real-time clock module is designed and implemented to provide the date and time information for the system. The temperature sensor module of the system is designed and realized. The temperature of the environment in which the positioning system is located is measured in real time. The measured temperature is used to compensate the sound velocity and the positioning accuracy is improved. At the end of the thesis, the proposed algorithms for estimating detonation wave and N shape wave are simulated and the simulation results are analyzed. The simulation results show that the proposed method can estimate the detonation wave and the "N" wave delay accurately.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：E939;TP368.1

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本文編號(hào)：2331146