【摘要】：目前,隨著嵌入式處理器性能的大幅度提升,以及各種高帶寬網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信技術(shù)的逐漸普及,嵌入式虛擬化技術(shù)在軍用、民用領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用已經(jīng)初見端倪,但是并未形成統(tǒng)一的模式和固定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。各種微內(nèi)核操作系統(tǒng),也逐漸在諸如消費(fèi)電子、汽車電子等系統(tǒng)定制領(lǐng)域,取得了巨大的成功,其微內(nèi)核系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法,也被眾多設(shè)計(jì)人員和主流廠商所采納。因此,本文研究目標(biāo)之一是從設(shè)計(jì)方法的角度探討微內(nèi)核操作系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)原理和相關(guān)技術(shù),并對(duì)微內(nèi)核技術(shù)進(jìn)行歸納和總結(jié)；研究目標(biāo)之二是基于微內(nèi)核設(shè)計(jì)方法探討嵌入式虛擬化方案,以及嵌入式虛擬化平臺(tái)的實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)；研究目標(biāo)之三是基于已有嵌入式虛擬化平臺(tái),構(gòu)建安全可靠體系解決方案,對(duì)提升目前嵌入式系統(tǒng)比如3G/4G時(shí)代的手機(jī)平板和各種設(shè)備的安全性和可靠性,也有重要意義。 本論文首先以微內(nèi)核操作系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方法為基礎(chǔ),依次討論第一代微內(nèi)核、第二代微內(nèi)核、第三代微內(nèi)核的設(shè)計(jì)思路以及工業(yè)界若干微內(nèi)核的設(shè)計(jì)方法,并歸納微內(nèi)核技術(shù)發(fā)展的方向和趨勢(shì)。第一代微內(nèi)核向第二代微內(nèi)核演化的驅(qū)動(dòng)力在于提高微內(nèi)核性能：由于在第二代微內(nèi)核設(shè)計(jì)過程中,過于強(qiáng)調(diào)性能而忽略了很多安全問題,在解決這些問題的過程中導(dǎo)致了第三代微內(nèi)核的產(chǎn)生。論文特別指出,虛擬化已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)前微內(nèi)核研究的主要方向之一。 其次,討論虛擬化技術(shù)和微內(nèi)核技術(shù)的關(guān)系,并以嵌入式虛擬化為主要目標(biāo),論證所采用的嵌入式虛擬化主要采用半虛擬化和支持POSIX PSE51的Ⅰ型虛擬化基本方案。 再次,設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)基于第二代微內(nèi)核和第三代微內(nèi)核系統(tǒng)的嵌入式虛擬化平臺(tái)L4eRTL和L4eRTL.OC,其中包括內(nèi)存虛擬化、中斷虛擬化和定時(shí)器虛擬化等,并對(duì)運(yùn)行情況和結(jié)果進(jìn)行了測(cè)試和評(píng)估。相對(duì)于基于第二代微內(nèi)核的嵌入式虛擬化平臺(tái),基于第三代微內(nèi)核的嵌入式虛擬化平臺(tái)在安全可靠性方面有了大幅提升,能提供更高的保護(hù)性和更嚴(yán)格的隔離性。并以本論文實(shí)現(xiàn)的嵌入式虛擬化平臺(tái)為基礎(chǔ),提出了基于嵌入式虛擬化平臺(tái)的一種可靠體系架構(gòu),并以PC步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)作為可靠體系架構(gòu)的應(yīng)用實(shí)例。
[Abstract]:At present, with the rapid improvement of embedded processor performance and the gradual popularization of various high-bandwidth network communication technologies, the application of embedded virtualization technology in military and civilian fields has begun to emerge. But did not form the unified pattern and the fixed standard. A variety of micro-kernel operating systems, such as consumer electronics, automotive electronics and other system customization field, has achieved great success, its microkernel system design methods, also adopted by many designers and mainstream manufacturers. Therefore, one of the research objectives of this paper is to discuss the design principles and related technologies of the microkernel operating system from the point of view of design methods, and summarize the microkernel technology. The second research goal is to discuss the embedded virtualization scheme based on the microkernel design method and the implementation technology details of the embedded virtualization platform. The third goal is to build a secure and reliable architecture solution based on the existing embedded virtualization platform. It is also of great significance to improve the security and reliability of embedded systems such as mobile phone tablets and various devices in the 3G/4G era. Firstly, based on the design method of microkernel operating system, the first generation microkernel, the second generation microkernel, the third generation microkernel and the design method of several microkernels in industry are discussed in this paper. The development direction and trend of micro-nuclear technology are also summarized. The driving force behind the evolution from the first generation of microkernels to the second generation of microkernels is to improve the performance of microkernels: due to the emphasis on performance in the design of the second generation microkernels, many security problems have been overlooked. In the process of solving these problems, the third generation microkernels were produced. In particular, virtualization has become one of the main research directions of microkernel. Secondly, the relationship between virtualization technology and microkernel is discussed, and the main goal of embedded virtualization is to demonstrate that the embedded virtualization is mainly based on paravirtualization and the basic scheme of type I virtualization supporting POSIX PSE51. Thirdly, we design and implement the embedded virtualization platforms L4eRTL and L4eRTL.OCbased on the second generation microkernel and the third generation microkernel system, including memory virtualization, interrupt virtualization and timer virtualization, etc. The operation and results are tested and evaluated. Compared with the embedded virtualization platform based on the second generation microkernel, the third generation microkernel-based embedded virtualization platform has greatly improved in terms of security and reliability, which can provide higher protection and more strict isolation. Based on the embedded virtualization platform realized in this paper, a reliable architecture based on embedded virtualization platform is proposed, and the PC stepper motor control system is taken as an application example of reliable architecture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TP368.1

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號(hào)：2312408