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嵌入式圖像采集和遠(yuǎn)程傳輸系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-08-13 08:20
【摘要】:在當(dāng)今信息時(shí)代,隨著人們對(duì)安防意識(shí)的逐漸增強(qiáng),視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用到各行各業(yè)中,作為監(jiān)控行業(yè)的一個(gè)重要分支和組成部分-嵌入式網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),發(fā)揮著其不可輕視的作用。 本設(shè)計(jì)將新興的嵌入式技術(shù)-可編程的片上系統(tǒng)SOPC(Syetem OnProgrammable Chip)應(yīng)用于遠(yuǎn)程圖像監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中,充分發(fā)揮了其硬件電路的高速并行運(yùn)算能力和軟件控制靈活的優(yōu)點(diǎn),不僅提高了系統(tǒng)的集成度和穩(wěn)定性,而且也提高了圖像采集和處理速度。 首先,本系統(tǒng)中圖像采集、存儲(chǔ)等計(jì)算復(fù)雜、高度耗時(shí)的功能模塊,采用Verilog硬件描述語(yǔ)言來(lái)完成。而網(wǎng)卡控制器和圖像采集控制器是采用本系統(tǒng)定制的IP核,通過(guò)Verilog語(yǔ)言和基于NiosⅡ軟核的C語(yǔ)言協(xié)調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)完成,從而可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)圖像采集的開(kāi)關(guān)和曝光時(shí)間控制。本系統(tǒng)的圖像壓縮算法采用JPEG標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并對(duì)JPEG編碼過(guò)程中的離散余弦變換2D-DCT進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。 其次,利用Altera公司的NiosⅡ處理器已經(jīng)移植的MicroC/OS-Ⅱ操作系統(tǒng)作為軟件平臺(tái),本系統(tǒng)在其內(nèi)移植了LWIP協(xié)議棧,開(kāi)發(fā)了DM9000A網(wǎng)卡驅(qū)動(dòng)程序,并且采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)socket接口,通過(guò)以太網(wǎng)進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控功能。 在確定了系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)可實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)控功能的多種嵌入式方案進(jìn)行了對(duì)比和分析,從而確定了系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì)方案及框架;接著分析了圖像采集、圖像緩存、JPEG圖像壓縮算法的優(yōu)化和圖像碼流以太網(wǎng)傳輸?shù)脑砗蛯?shí)現(xiàn)方法;并且研究了MicroC/OS-Ⅱ操作系統(tǒng)和LWIP協(xié)議棧在NiosⅡ下的移植方法,以及DM9000A網(wǎng)卡的驅(qū)動(dòng)程序編寫(xiě)方法,最后給出了系統(tǒng)軟件的總體設(shè)計(jì)流程。最后,對(duì)系統(tǒng)各個(gè)主要功能模塊進(jìn)行了仿真測(cè)試,并給出了驗(yàn)證結(jié)果,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了圖像采集、壓縮和以太網(wǎng)傳輸功能。
[Abstract]:In today's information age, with the increasing awareness of security, video surveillance system has been widely used in all walks of life. As an important branch and component of the surveillance industry, embedded network video surveillance system plays an important role.
In this design, the programmable SOPC (Syetem On Programmable Chip), a new embedded technology, is applied to the remote image monitoring system. The advantages of high-speed parallel computing ability of hardware circuit and flexible software control are brought into full play. It not only improves the integration and stability of the system, but also improves the image acquisition and processing. Processing speed.
Firstly, the system uses Verilog Hardware Description Language to complete the function modules of image acquisition and storage, which are complicated and time-consuming. The network card controller and image acquisition controller are designed by using the IP core customized by this system, and are coordinated by Verilog language and C language based on Nios II soft core, so that image acquisition can be realized. The image compression algorithm of this system adopts JPEG standard, and optimizes the discrete cosine transform (DCT) in the process of JPEG coding.
Secondly, using the MicroC/OS-II operating system which has been transplanted by Altera's Nios II processor as the software platform, the system transplants the LWIP protocol stack, develops the DM9000A network card driver, and uses the standard socket interface to communicate with the network through Ethernet, thus realizing the network real-time monitoring function.
On the basis of determining the structure and function of the system, the paper compares and analyzes various embedded schemes which can realize the monitoring function, and then determines the overall design scheme and framework of the system; then it analyzes the principles and implementation methods of image acquisition, image caching, JPEG image compression algorithm optimization and image bitstream Ethernet transmission. At last, the overall design flow of the system software is given. Finally, the main function modules of the system are simulated and tested, and the verification results are given. The experimental results show that the system is real. Now we have the functions of image acquisition, compression and Ethernet transmission.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:TP368.1;TP391.41

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