【摘要】：目前國內(nèi)很多變壓器生產(chǎn)廠家和電力公司進(jìn)行電力變壓器試驗時，通常采用使用模擬儀表（電壓表、電流表、功率表）手動操作、人工讀數(shù)的傳統(tǒng)方法，但是人工控制電流檔位切換以及升壓與降壓操作、人工讀表的試驗方式不可避免地存在著控制失當(dāng)和讀數(shù)誤差等人為錯誤，且模擬儀表接線復(fù)雜、讀數(shù)困難、記錄不方便。有一些企業(yè)使用了基于計算機的電力變壓器試驗測試系統(tǒng)，但是由于這些系統(tǒng)存在著諸如使用的設(shè)備相對落后、測試的項目比較單一、測試的自動化程度不高等問題，，已經(jīng)難以滿足當(dāng)前發(fā)展的需要。另外，計算機測試系統(tǒng)還有著體積龐大、成本較高的缺點。因此，為滿足當(dāng)前對電力變壓器試驗測試的需求，研制一套高精度、自動化程度高、價格較低的電力變壓器自動測試系統(tǒng)具有很好的實際意義。 本文在研究了電力變壓器試驗（主要是空載試驗和負(fù)載試驗）的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了一款基于AVR單片機的電力變壓器試驗自動測試裝置的整體設(shè)計方案并進(jìn)行實現(xiàn)。該裝置采用高速、高精度的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換芯片MAX1320，并以AVR單片機ATmega128為核心，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)空載試驗和負(fù)載試驗的自動測試，提高了效率，避免了人為誤差，并且具有查看（打印、傳輸）試驗結(jié)果、查看（打印、傳輸）歷史數(shù)據(jù)、參數(shù)設(shè)置等功能。 本文首先給出這款電力變壓器試驗自動測試裝置硬件的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，在此基礎(chǔ)上，選擇能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)本裝置功能的電路模塊，包括：數(shù)據(jù)采集電路、MCU主電路、通信接口電路、測試控制電路、以及液晶顯示電路。其次，詳細(xì)論述了各電路部件的具體情況、模塊間的接口電路，運用Protel軟件平臺繪制了完整的原理圖和印制版圖。最后，運用C語言開發(fā)出該裝置的程序，實現(xiàn)裝置的各種功能。 本文設(shè)計的基于AVR單片機的電力變壓器試驗自動測試裝置，具有較強的可擴展性和靈活性，而且效率高、低誤差、操作簡便、體積小、成本低。該裝置已在實驗室中通過檢驗，并在現(xiàn)場使用中情況良好。
[Abstract]:At present, when many domestic transformer manufacturers and power companies conduct power transformer tests, they usually adopt the traditional method of manual operation and manual reading using analog instruments (voltmeters, ammeters, power meters). But the manual control current shift switch and the operation of booster and depressurization, the artificial error of control and reading error inevitably exist in the test mode of manual reading meter, and the wiring of analog instrument is complicated, the reading is difficult, and the recording is not convenient. Some enterprises use computer-based power transformer test and test systems, but because of these systems, such as the equipment used is relatively backward, the test items are relatively single, the degree of test automation is not high, and so on. It is already difficult to meet the needs of current development. In addition, the computer test system also has the huge volume, the high cost shortcoming. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of power transformer test and test, it is of great practical significance to develop an automatic test system for power transformer with high precision, high automation and low price. Based on the research of power transformer test (mainly no-load test and load test), this paper puts forward a whole design scheme of power transformer test automatic test device based on AVR single chip computer and realizes it. The device adopts high speed and high precision A / D conversion chip MAX1320, and takes AVR single chip computer ATmega128 as the core. It can realize the automatic test of no-load test and load test, improve the efficiency, avoid human error, and can be viewed (printed). Transmission) test results, view (print, transfer) history data, parameter settings and other functions. In this paper, the overall structure of the hardware of the power transformer test automatic test device is given. On this basis, the circuit modules that can realize the function of the device are selected, including: data acquisition circuit, MCU main circuit, communication interface circuit, and so on. Test the control circuit and LCD display circuit. Secondly, the specific situation of each circuit component and the interface circuit between modules are discussed in detail. The complete schematic diagram and printed layout are drawn by using Protel software platform. Finally, the program of the device is developed by using C language, and various functions of the device are realized. The power transformer test automatic test device based on AVR microcontroller has strong expansibility and flexibility, high efficiency, low error, simple operation, small volume and low cost. The device has passed the test in the laboratory and is in good condition in the field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TM41;TP368.12

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本文編號：2166104