本文選題：數(shù)據(jù)中心 + 動態(tài)調(diào)頻調(diào)壓��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年,隨著云計算以及高性能計算的普及,數(shù)據(jù)中心的規(guī)模和數(shù)量得到了快速的發(fā)展,但同時也帶來了巨大的電能消耗。據(jù)有關(guān)資料統(tǒng)計,數(shù)據(jù)中心所產(chǎn)生的電能消耗已經(jīng)接近其運行成本的一半,并且在全世界范圍內(nèi),數(shù)據(jù)中心所消耗的電能已經(jīng)占到了全球總用電量的1.3%。因此,數(shù)據(jù)中心節(jié)能問題刻不容緩,已成為目前數(shù)據(jù)中心研究的一個熱點。處理器的動態(tài)調(diào)壓調(diào)頻技術(shù)(Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling, DVFS)是當(dāng)前服務(wù)器上普遍采用的一種節(jié)能技術(shù)。該技術(shù)根據(jù)當(dāng)前服務(wù)器上的負(fù)載動態(tài)的調(diào)度任務(wù)并且調(diào)節(jié)頻率及電壓,使得處理器工作在一個合適的功耗狀態(tài)下,以節(jié)省電能。目前有相當(dāng)多的工作致力于研究基于DVFS的能量感知的實時任務(wù)調(diào)度,其目標(biāo)是希望以最小的能耗代價來完成一批實時任務(wù)。在研究過程中,絕大部分工作都以執(zhí)行時間和截止時間作為任務(wù)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量需求(Quality Of Service, QoS)。但是在某些場景中,任務(wù)沒有固定的執(zhí)行時間或者任務(wù)的執(zhí)行時間很難被測得。針對這樣的任務(wù),也需要根據(jù)其特性來做適當(dāng)?shù)哪芰扛兄恼{(diào)度,以節(jié)省電能。本文提出了新的任務(wù)模型從另一個更加通用的角度來描述任務(wù)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量需求,使其能夠描述不能確切知道執(zhí)行時間的任務(wù)。本文提出了最低的有效頻率來描述一個任務(wù)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量需求。由于系統(tǒng)只知道任務(wù)的最低頻率要求,而并不知道任務(wù)確切的執(zhí)行時間,因此需要從一個新的角度來衡量任務(wù)執(zhí)行過程中的能耗大小。因此,本文提出了能耗比的概念,用來描述一個任務(wù)在不同頻率下消耗的能耗與在最大頻率下消耗的能耗之比�；谛碌娜蝿�(wù)模型以及能耗比的定義,本文研究了能量感知的任務(wù)分配與調(diào)度,來最小化服務(wù)器完成一批實時在線任務(wù)的能耗比,以期最小化總能耗。通過將問題的規(guī)約為可變長的背包問題,本文論證了最小化能耗比的任務(wù)的分配問題是NP難的,然后基于問題的特點提出了相應(yīng)的節(jié)能任務(wù)調(diào)度策略。本文所提的任務(wù)分配算法將任務(wù)分配到當(dāng)前正在運行的服務(wù)器上,盡可能的減少開啟的服務(wù)器數(shù)目,并使得各個任務(wù)運行在根據(jù)節(jié)能的頻率以節(jié)省能耗。同時,在研究中發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)有任務(wù)結(jié)束的時候,處理器上會有一些空閑的計算資源,如果將部分任務(wù)進(jìn)行遷移,能夠使得多個處理器都工作在一個更加節(jié)能的頻率下,從而進(jìn)一步降低能耗。但是考慮到服務(wù)器間任務(wù)遷移有較高的代價,而服務(wù)器上的核間遷移卻幾乎不帶來額外開銷,因此本文中提出了核間任務(wù)策略來進(jìn)一步減少各個服務(wù)器上的電能消耗。據(jù)我們所有的知識而言,本文是第一個提出通過能耗比來衡量任務(wù)在不同頻率狀態(tài)下的耗能情況,并基于能耗比提出任務(wù)分配與遷移相結(jié)合的能量感知的任務(wù)調(diào)度。在真實環(huán)境下以及模擬環(huán)境下的實驗中,本文所提的策略在節(jié)能方面都要優(yōu)于其他比較的算法,說明了本文策略在節(jié)能方面能夠取得較好的效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the popularity of cloud computing and high performance computing, the size and quantity of data centers have developed rapidly, but it also brings great power consumption. According to the statistics, the power consumption generated by the data center is nearly half of its operating cost and is consumed throughout the world. The electric energy has already occupied the 1.3%. of the total electricity consumption in the world, so the energy saving of the data center is urgent and has become a hot spot in the research of the data center. The Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) is a widely used energy-saving technology on the current server. This technology is based on the technology. The load dynamic scheduling tasks on the front server and adjust the frequency and voltage make the processor work in a suitable power state to save power. There is a considerable effort to study real-time task scheduling based on DVFS based energy perception. The goal is to expect to complete a batch of real-time tasks at the minimum cost of energy. In the process of research, most of the tasks are Quality Of Service (QoS) with execution time and deadline (QoS). However, in some scenarios, the task has no fixed execution time or the execution time of the task is difficult to be measured. In this paper, a new task model is proposed to describe the service quality requirements of a task from another more general point of view, so that it can describe the task that is not exactly aware of the execution time. This paper presents the minimum effective frequency to describe the service quality requirement of an appointment. The minimum frequency requirement does not know the exact execution time of the task, so it is necessary to measure the energy consumption in the execution of the task from a new angle. Therefore, the concept of energy consumption ratio is proposed to describe the energy consumption of a task at different frequencies and the ratio of energy consumption at the maximum frequency. The task model and the definition of energy consumption ratio, this paper studies the task allocation and scheduling of energy sensing to minimize the energy consumption ratio of a server to complete a batch of real-time online tasks in order to minimize the total energy consumption. This paper demonstrates that the assignment problem of minimizing the energy consumption ratio is NP difficult by making the specification of the problem to a variable long knapsack problem. And then, based on the characteristics of the problem, the corresponding scheduling strategy of energy saving is proposed. The task allocation algorithm proposed in this paper assigns the task to the currently running server, as much as possible to reduce the number of open servers, and make each task run at the energy saving frequency to save energy. At the end of the task, there will be some idle computing resources on the processor. If a part of the task is migrated, multiple processors can work at a more energy-efficient frequency to further reduce energy consumption. However, considering the high cost of the task migration between the servers, the inter core migration on the server is a few. In this paper, the inter nuclear task strategy is proposed to further reduce the power consumption on each server. According to all of our knowledge, this paper is the first to propose that the energy consumption ratio is proposed to measure the energy consumption of the task at different frequency States, and based on the energy consumption ratio, a combination of task allocation and migration is proposed. In the real environment and the simulation environment, the proposed strategy is better than the other comparison algorithms in the real environment and the simulation environment. It shows that this strategy can achieve better results in energy saving.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP308;TK018

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

中國期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前10條

1 楊建光;路宗雷;;數(shù)據(jù)中心選址的探討[J];智能建筑與城市信息;2008年08期

2 張春暉;杜成章;;利用虛擬化技術(shù)建設(shè)高效節(jié)能的數(shù)據(jù)中心[J];智能建筑;2009年04期

3 丁麒鋼;;數(shù)據(jù)中心節(jié)能建設(shè)的邏輯與方法[J];智能建筑;2009年09期

4 賴瑞龍;;關(guān)于建設(shè)節(jié)能環(huán)保數(shù)據(jù)中心的探討[J];海峽科學(xué);2010年10期

5 ;現(xiàn)代數(shù)據(jù)中心基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)技術(shù)年會2011年即將在北京召開[J];電氣應(yīng)用;2011年03期

6 ;現(xiàn)代數(shù)據(jù)中心基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)技術(shù)年會2011年即將在北京召開[J];電氣應(yīng)用;2011年02期

7 趙陽;;數(shù)據(jù)中心節(jié)能降耗實施途徑探討[J];陜西電力;2011年02期

8 李富宇;;高校數(shù)據(jù)中心建設(shè)中的規(guī)范遵循[J];中國新技術(shù)新產(chǎn)品;2011年09期

9 黃森;潘毅群;;上海某數(shù)據(jù)中心能效調(diào)研分析[J];制冷與空調(diào);2011年02期

10 周伏秋;谷立靜;孟輝;;數(shù)據(jù)中心節(jié)能和優(yōu)化布局研究[J];電力需求側(cè)管理;2011年03期

中國重要會議論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前10條

1 姚，

本文編號：2090122