本文選題：智能手機(jī) + 低功耗��； 參考：《西北大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今,嵌入式技術(shù)飛速發(fā)展,嵌入式設(shè)備日益普及,以智能手機(jī)、pad為代表的智能嵌入式移動設(shè)備逐漸成為大眾化計算平臺。為了提升設(shè)備性能,豐富用戶使用體驗(yàn),嵌入式移動設(shè)備的硬件和軟件都在不斷的升級和更新,但單純的性能提升必然會降低設(shè)備的續(xù)航時間,而有限的電池容量并不能滿足用戶的需求。 研究結(jié)果顯示,嵌入式移動終端通訊子系統(tǒng)的能耗占整個系統(tǒng)能耗較大比例。隨著3G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的普及,人們使用手機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行通訊的頻率越來越高,從而進(jìn)一步加重了嵌入式移動終端的能耗負(fù)擔(dān)。本文分別從網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸協(xié)議和網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)下載策略這兩個角度來研究相應(yīng)的功耗優(yōu)化方案。完成的主要內(nèi)容如下： 1：對國內(nèi)外嵌入式系統(tǒng)功耗優(yōu)化研究方案進(jìn)行分類,總結(jié)。在相關(guān)技術(shù)研究中,首先,總結(jié)了現(xiàn)存于Android系統(tǒng)的能耗漏洞,重點(diǎn)研究了其中的No-sleep Bug。然后,闡述了本文的研究基礎(chǔ)Lyapunov理論,動態(tài)系統(tǒng)及什么是穩(wěn)定系統(tǒng)。 2：針對智能手機(jī)中標(biāo)準(zhǔn)TCP/IP協(xié)議的不足,分析其擁塞控制策略在網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊中的能耗問題。并深入研究了其它非對等式XCP協(xié)議、Reliable Blast UDP (RBUDP)和UDP-based Data Transport(UDT)協(xié)議的擁塞控制策略對能耗的影響。 3：針對智能手機(jī)中網(wǎng)絡(luò)下載策略(立即響應(yīng)下載)的不足,提出了基于Lyapunov優(yōu)化框架的集中下載低功耗穩(wěn)定鏈路選擇算法(CLSA)。新策略的核心思想是本文提出的優(yōu)化的消費(fèi)者模型。而對于優(yōu)化模型無法解決的無限等待問題,利用Lyapunov優(yōu)化框架對網(wǎng)絡(luò)等待隊列進(jìn)行分析,在網(wǎng)絡(luò)狀況不理想時,CLSA會保證下載請求隊列穩(wěn)定性的同時,延遲數(shù)據(jù)下載,這樣避免了在低速環(huán)境中進(jìn)行下載所產(chǎn)生的高能耗。隨著下載隊列的增長,即便在較差的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境中,CLSA也會對部分請求進(jìn)行下載,這樣避免了下載請求隊列過長導(dǎo)致的不穩(wěn)定性。 4：針對網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸協(xié)議的實(shí)驗(yàn),本文利用NS-2平臺對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)TCP, UDT, RBUDP,XCP協(xié)議分別進(jìn)行了仿真,分析仿真結(jié)果,本文得出在專享高速鏈路中,RBUDP能耗最低,在共享鏈路情況下XCP協(xié)議性能最優(yōu),能耗最低。 5：針對網(wǎng)絡(luò)下載策略的實(shí)驗(yàn),本文基于Android開源平臺開發(fā)了一款音頻下載播放軟件,并將CLSA加入其中。實(shí)驗(yàn)將CLSA策略同另外兩種通用下載策略(WiFiOnly, Minimum Delay)進(jìn)行比較。結(jié)果表面,本文提出的CLSA下載策略能夠很好的權(quán)衡了能耗和延遲的關(guān)系,能效比最高,性能最優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the rapid development of embedded technology and the increasing popularity of embedded devices, smart embedded mobile devices, represented by smart phones, are gradually becoming popular computing platforms. In order to improve the performance of the device and enrich the user experience, the hardware and software of the embedded mobile device are constantly upgraded and updated. And limited battery capacity can not meet the needs of users. The results show that the energy consumption of the embedded mobile terminal communication subsystem accounts for a large proportion of the whole system energy consumption. With the popularity of 3G network, the frequency of mobile phone communication is becoming higher and higher, which further increases the energy consumption burden of embedded mobile terminal. In this paper, the corresponding power optimization schemes are studied from the network transmission protocol and the network data download strategy. The main contents are as follows: 1: the research programs of power optimization for embedded systems at home and abroad are classified and summarized. In the research of related technologies, firstly, the existing energy consumption vulnerabilities in Android system are summarized, and the No-sleep Bug. Secondly, the Lyapunov theory, dynamic system and what is a stable system are discussed. 2. Aiming at the shortage of standard TCP / IP protocol in smart phone, the energy consumption of congestion control strategy in network communication is analyzed. The influence of congestion control strategies of other non-peer-to-peer XCP protocols such as reliable blast UDP (RBUDP) and UDP-based data Transport (UDT) on energy consumption is studied. A low power stable link selection algorithm (CLSA) based on Lyapunov optimization framework is proposed. The core idea of the new strategy is the optimized consumer model proposed in this paper. For the infinite waiting problem which can not be solved by the optimization model, the Lyapunov optimization framework is used to analyze the waiting queue of the network. When the network condition is not ideal, CLSA will ensure the stability of the download request queue and delay the data download. This avoids the high energy consumption generated by downloading in low-speed environments. As download queues grow, even in poor network environments, CLSA downloads some requests, thus avoiding the instability caused by the long queue of download requests. In this paper, we use NS-2 platform to simulate the standard TCP, UDTand RBUDP XCP protocols, and analyze the simulation results. It is concluded in this paper that the energy consumption of RBUDP is the lowest in the exclusive high-speed link, and the performance of the XCP protocol is the best in the case of shared links. Energy consumption is the lowest. 5: aiming at the experiment of network download strategy, this paper develops an audio download and playback software based on Android open source platform, and adds it to it. The CLSA strategy is compared with the other two common download strategies (WiFiOnly, Minimum delay). The results show that the CLSA download strategy proposed in this paper can balance the relationship between energy consumption and delay, the energy efficiency ratio is the highest, and the performance is the best.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP368.1;TN929.53

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