本文選題：云存儲 + 數(shù)據(jù)中心�。� 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著信息技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展，計算機(jī)存儲數(shù)據(jù)的規(guī)模已出現(xiàn)爆炸性增長的趨勢，云存儲憑借其擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng)、容錯性好、性價比高等優(yōu)勢，成為了業(yè)界研究關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)。云存儲系統(tǒng)通常由多個數(shù)據(jù)中心的存儲資源構(gòu)成，且作為分布式存儲平臺，其底層硬件設(shè)施由大規(guī)模廉價服務(wù)器構(gòu)成，如何保證系統(tǒng)的容錯性，進(jìn)而提高數(shù)據(jù)的可靠性是云存儲中一個很重要的研究問題。副本技術(shù)是當(dāng)前提高系統(tǒng)容錯性能的主流技術(shù)，通過為一份數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)建多份副本的方式來解決單點(diǎn)失效時帶來的數(shù)據(jù)失效問題。同時，副本技術(shù)有助于降低訪問延遲，提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬利用率，也有利于提高數(shù)據(jù)的可用性。當(dāng)前關(guān)于副本技術(shù)的研究可以分為如下兩類：靜態(tài)副本策略和動態(tài)副本策略。目前大部分系統(tǒng)均采用靜態(tài)副本策略，即在數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)入前已經(jīng)確定副本的數(shù)量和位置，這種方式雖然簡單，但缺少靈活性，且沒有考慮用戶需求、存儲節(jié)點(diǎn)自身的性質(zhì)以及周圍環(huán)境的變化等因素的影響，在一定程度上會造成存儲資源的不合理利用。 為了更加合理地利用云中的存儲資源，豐富副本技術(shù)的研究，本文對云存儲中的數(shù)據(jù)備份策略進(jìn)行了研究，提出了一種基于關(guān)聯(lián)失效的數(shù)據(jù)動態(tài)備份策略。本文的研究內(nèi)容具體包含以下幾部分：(1)對傳統(tǒng)的以交換機(jī)為中心的分層網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)和微軟研究院提出的VL2樹型結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了深入分析，基于分析結(jié)果構(gòu)建了數(shù)據(jù)中心網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)模型和功能結(jié)構(gòu)模型；(2)綜合距離因素和網(wǎng)絡(luò)、制冷、電力、自然災(zāi)害等環(huán)境因素分析了存儲節(jié)點(diǎn)間關(guān)聯(lián)性，基于分析結(jié)果構(gòu)建了節(jié)點(diǎn)間的關(guān)聯(lián)失效模型，結(jié)合節(jié)點(diǎn)自身的屬性和節(jié)點(diǎn)間的級聯(lián)響應(yīng)構(gòu)建了單點(diǎn)失效率計算模型，并基于節(jié)點(diǎn)間關(guān)聯(lián)失效模型和單點(diǎn)失效率計算模型給出了衡量任一數(shù)據(jù)在不同存儲方案下可靠性的計算方法；(3)不同用戶對于云計算中存儲數(shù)據(jù)的可靠性需求存在差別，在充分考慮這一前提的情況下提出了一種基于關(guān)聯(lián)失效的數(shù)據(jù)動態(tài)備份策略，該策略綜合分析地理、環(huán)境等因素對于數(shù)據(jù)中心中節(jié)點(diǎn)間關(guān)聯(lián)性的影響，在保證用戶可靠性需求的前提下盡可能地降低數(shù)據(jù)的副本數(shù)量，進(jìn)而提高存儲資源的利用率。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，與Amazon的靜態(tài)副本備份策略相比，，本文提出的方法充分考慮了用戶需求和節(jié)點(diǎn)間的關(guān)聯(lián)性，更符合實(shí)際的存儲情況，在滿足用戶對于數(shù)據(jù)可靠性需求的同時，一定程度上降低了該系統(tǒng)下數(shù)據(jù)的存儲空間，有效地提高了存儲資源的利用率。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology, the scale of computer storage data has been explosive growth trend, cloud storage with its strong expansibility, good fault tolerance, high cost performance and other advantages, has become the focus of attention in the industry. Cloud storage system is usually composed of storage resources of multiple data centers, and as a distributed storage platform, its underlying hardware facilities are composed of large scale cheap servers, how to ensure the fault tolerance of the system. Improving the reliability of data is an important research problem in cloud storage. Replica technology is the main technology to improve the fault-tolerant performance of the system at present. It solves the problem of data failure caused by single point failure by creating multiple copies for one data. At the same time, replica technology can reduce access delay, improve network bandwidth utilization and improve data availability. The current research on replica technology can be divided into two categories: static replica strategy and dynamic replica strategy. At present, most systems adopt a static replica strategy, that is, the number and location of replicas are determined before the data enters, which is simple, but inflexible, and does not take into account the needs of users. The influence of the properties of storage nodes and the changes of surrounding environment will lead to unreasonable utilization of storage resources to a certain extent. In order to make more rational use of storage resources in the cloud and enrich the research of replica technology, this paper studies the data backup strategy in cloud storage, and proposes a dynamic backup strategy based on association failure. The research contents of this paper include the following parts: (1) the traditional hierarchical network topology with switch as the center and the VL2 tree structure proposed by Microsoft Research Institute are deeply analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the network structure model and the functional structure model of the data center are constructed. (2) the relationship between storage nodes is analyzed based on the environmental factors such as distance factors and network, refrigeration, electricity, natural disasters, etc. Based on the analysis results, an association failure model between nodes is constructed, and a single point failure rate calculation model is constructed by combining the attributes of nodes and the cascade response between nodes. And based on the inter-node associated failure model and single-point failure rate calculation model, a calculation method to measure the reliability of any data under different storage schemes is given. (3) different users have different reliability requirements for data stored in cloud computing. In this paper, a dynamic data backup strategy based on association failure is proposed, which comprehensively analyzes the influence of geography, environment and other factors on the relationship between nodes in the data center. In order to improve the utilization of storage resources, the number of replicas of data can be reduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the reliability of users. The experiments show that compared with the static copy backup strategy of Amazon, the method proposed in this paper fully considers the relationship between user requirements and nodes, and is more in line with the actual storage situation, and meets the data reliability requirements of users at the same time. To some extent, the data storage space is reduced, and the utilization rate of storage resources is improved effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP333

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