基于ARM的超聲波墻體測厚儀的設(shè)計
本文選題:ARM + Cortex-M3 ; 參考:《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文
【摘要】:現(xiàn)今現(xiàn)澆樓板、墻體的厚度情況是評定建筑物安全性的主要依據(jù),國家有關(guān)部門對此越來越重視,各級工程質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢測部門對墻體厚度、樓板的非破損檢測技術(shù)也特別關(guān)注。但是傳統(tǒng)的墻體測厚儀存在準(zhǔn)確性差、精度低、體積大、功耗大、成本極高、人機界面不友好等問題,不適合廣泛地應(yīng)用于建筑及其他相關(guān)領(lǐng)域。 通過閱讀大量文獻(xiàn)研究了脈沖反射法、穿透法及共振法超聲測厚理論,本文應(yīng)用脈沖反射法理論進(jìn)行設(shè)計,將Olympus公司PSF-1440TR型的收發(fā)一體單探頭和具有“標(biāo)定”功能的方法相結(jié)合,給出了系統(tǒng)的整體設(shè)計方案及超聲檢測系統(tǒng)的硬件整體框圖。系統(tǒng)采用最新的以ARM Cortex-M3為內(nèi)核的低功耗微處理器STM32F103作為核心處理器,完成了控制及信號的顯示、通信功能;硬件部分完成CPU主控電路、超聲波前端發(fā)射電路、接收電路、放大濾波電路、顯示接口電路的設(shè)計,其中發(fā)射電路由高壓電源、射極跟隨器、PWM同步信號、脈沖放大電路及探頭組成;顯示電路選用ST7565PLCD,并通過SPI和主機進(jìn)行通信。軟件部分完成了標(biāo)定功能程序、測量子程序、發(fā)射子程序、及各功能模塊程序,通過硬件設(shè)計及軟件編程最終實現(xiàn)對混凝土墻體的厚度和缺陷進(jìn)行檢測。該儀器具有實用意義。 本文設(shè)計的基于超聲波脈沖多次反射法的單探頭超聲波墻體測厚儀,能夠檢測混凝土墻體的厚度,可測厚度為8cm~110cm,設(shè)置薄、厚兩種模式,,精度可達(dá)1mm,適用于各種成分的鋼筋混凝土組成的墻體,其功能完善、實用性強,對混凝土的質(zhì)量檢測水平及建筑物安全性的提高具有極其重要的作用。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the thickness of cast-in-place floor is the main basis for evaluating the safety of buildings, which is paid more and more attention by the relevant departments of the state. The inspection departments of engineering quality at all levels also pay special attention to the thickness of the wall and the nondestructive detection technology of the floor. However, the traditional wall thickness gauge has some problems such as poor accuracy, low precision, large volume, large power consumption, extremely high cost, unfriendly man-machine interface and so on, so it is not suitable for wide application in architecture and other related fields. The theory of pulse reflection, penetration and resonance ultrasonic thickness measurement has been studied by reading a lot of literature. In this paper, the theory of pulse reflection is applied to design the single transceiver and transceiver with the function of "calibration". The overall design of the system and the hardware block diagram of the ultrasonic detection system are given. The system adopts the latest low-power microprocessor STM32F103 with ARM Cortex-M3 core as the core processor, completes the control and signal display, communication function, the hardware part completes the main control circuit of CPU, the ultrasonic front-end transmitting circuit, the receiving circuit. The design of amplifying filter circuit and display interface circuit, in which the transmitting circuit is composed of high voltage power supply, emitter follower PWM synchronous signal, pulse amplifier circuit and probe, and the display circuit is ST7565PLCDD, and communicates with the host through SPI. In the software part, the calibration function program, the measuring subroutine, the launching subroutine, and each function module program are completed. Finally, the thickness and defect of concrete wall are detected by hardware design and software programming. The instrument is of practical significance. A single probe ultrasonic wall thickness meter based on ultrasonic pulse multiple reflection method is designed in this paper, which can detect the thickness of concrete wall. The measured thickness is 8 cm / m 110cm. The precision can reach 1 mm, which is suitable for the wall composed of reinforced concrete with various components. Its function is perfect and practical, and it plays an extremely important role in improving the quality of concrete and the safety of buildings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:TP274.53;TP368.1
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