本文選題：軟加固 + EDAC��； 參考：《國防科學技術大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在許多高可靠性系統(tǒng)中,設計者會通過硬件方式對內(nèi)存中的數(shù)據(jù)進行編碼保護,其實現(xiàn)方式主要是增加額外的數(shù)據(jù)校驗位以及編碼和解碼電路。然而,在某些空間電子設備上并不具備上述硬件條件,這時就需要通過軟件實現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)編碼方法對內(nèi)存中的數(shù)據(jù)進行保護。軟件實現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)編碼保護方法省去了額外的硬件成本以及功耗開銷,但由于其需要占用設備的計算資源,在使用時應控制好其帶來的時間開銷,以免造成過于嚴重的性能損失。在空間開銷方面,對數(shù)據(jù)進行編碼產(chǎn)生的校驗位的冗余度遠小于對數(shù)據(jù)進行復算的冗余度,因此數(shù)據(jù)編碼保護方式十分適合對空間開銷限制比較苛刻或者硬件條件受限的情況。內(nèi)存中的代碼和數(shù)據(jù)對程序正確運行有至關重要的作用,因此有必要在運行時對內(nèi)存中的關鍵數(shù)據(jù)進行檢查。采用編碼校驗的方法對數(shù)據(jù)進行檢查,具有開銷小、檢錯快等特點,適合在實時內(nèi)核中使用。但由于編碼方法的運行時間受限制于讀取內(nèi)存數(shù)據(jù)的速度,當數(shù)據(jù)量較大時,執(zhí)行周期較長,在內(nèi)核中完成編碼檢查對操作系統(tǒng)的實時性會造成嚴重影響。本課題提出了一種低成本高可靠性的DSP內(nèi)存保護方案,即在較低時間開銷和空間開銷下對DSP上的內(nèi)存數(shù)據(jù)進行檢錯和糾錯。具體地,本課題采用了基于(39,32)最優(yōu)奇權碼的編碼校驗方案,并針對DSP的體系結構進行了線性匯編級的高效實現(xiàn),然后提出了一種基于實時操作系統(tǒng)的代碼區(qū)和堆棧區(qū)編碼校驗機制,即通過加入低優(yōu)先級的校驗任務,利用系統(tǒng)的空閑時間對代碼區(qū)及堆棧區(qū)進行編碼和校驗。通過實驗結果分析可知,該方案不會對原系統(tǒng)的實時性產(chǎn)生影響,且能夠使系統(tǒng)的可靠性得到顯著提升。
[Abstract]:In many high reliability systems, the designer encodes and protects the data in memory by hardware, mainly by adding additional data check bits and encoding and decoding circuits. However, the above hardware conditions are not available in some space electronic devices, and the data in memory need to be protected by the data encoding method implemented by software. The data coding and protection method realized by software saves the extra hardware cost and power cost, but because it needs to occupy the computing resources of the equipment, the time cost should be controlled well when it is used, so as to avoid too serious performance loss. In terms of space overhead, the redundancy of the check bits generated by encoding the data is much less than the redundancy of the complex data, so the data coding protection method is very suitable for the case where the space overhead is very strict or the hardware condition is limited. The code and data in memory is very important for the program to run correctly, so it is necessary to check the critical data in memory at run time. The method of coding check is used to check the data, which has the advantages of low overhead and fast error detection, and is suitable for use in the real time kernel. However, because the running time of the coding method is limited to the speed of reading the memory data, when the amount of data is large, the execution period is longer, and the completion of coding checking in the kernel will seriously affect the real-time performance of the operating system. In this paper, a low cost and high reliability DSP memory protection scheme is proposed, that is, the memory data on DSP is checked and corrected under low time and space overhead. In detail, the scheme of coding check based on the optimal odd weight code is adopted, and the efficient implementation of linear assembly level for the architecture of DSP is carried out. Then, a code and stack coding verification mechanism based on real-time operating system is proposed, which encodes and verifies the code area and stack area by adding low-priority checkout tasks and making use of the idle time of the system. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme has no effect on the real-time performance of the original system and can improve the reliability of the system significantly.
【學位授予單位】：國防科學技術大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP333

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