本文選題：嵌入式 + 智能系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著電子技術(shù)和信息技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，層出不窮的微型處理器和配套的硬件產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用到信息采集處理領(lǐng)域。這使得數(shù)據(jù)采集處理系統(tǒng)正朝向智能、多功能、交互、實(shí)時(shí)以及低功耗等方向發(fā)展。在地震的數(shù)據(jù)采集領(lǐng)域，采集器需要準(zhǔn)確、可靠地記錄數(shù)據(jù)，并能將得到的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行初步的處理。同時(shí)可通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到地震網(wǎng)絡(luò)中心，以便進(jìn)一步處理和后續(xù)的地震研究分析。新型的地震采集儀要求與傳感器組成一個(gè)系統(tǒng)節(jié)點(diǎn)，能夠通過(guò)遠(yuǎn)程控制進(jìn)行傳感器的自檢以及調(diào)零等工作�，F(xiàn)在飛速發(fā)展的嵌入式技術(shù)能夠滿(mǎn)足這些功能需求，因此嵌入式智能化成為地震數(shù)據(jù)采集等儀器的發(fā)展方向。我國(guó)地域廣闊，地震多發(fā)地區(qū)較多，地震臺(tái)網(wǎng)分布復(fù)雜。各個(gè)臺(tái)站安裝的地震儀器型號(hào)各不相同，為了將不同型號(hào)的儀器連入地震網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，實(shí)現(xiàn)地震數(shù)據(jù)資源共享，并且防止由于部分儀器損壞而造成整個(gè)系統(tǒng)停止工作的情況出現(xiàn)，地震數(shù)據(jù)采集應(yīng)采用模塊化設(shè)計(jì)。同時(shí)模塊化也有利于功能的擴(kuò)展。為實(shí)現(xiàn)上述目標(biāo)，應(yīng)采用模塊化嵌入式技術(shù)進(jìn)行智能地震數(shù)據(jù)采集器設(shè)計(jì)。在目前的嵌入式系統(tǒng)中，Linux系統(tǒng)是成熟的開(kāi)源系統(tǒng)，其具有模塊化的設(shè)計(jì)、比較良好的實(shí)時(shí)性以及優(yōu)良的網(wǎng)絡(luò)支持等特性，能夠很好地滿(mǎn)足地震數(shù)據(jù)采集儀器設(shè)計(jì)的需求，并能有效的使地震系統(tǒng)組成一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的地震監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，及時(shí)有效獲取地震信息，為地震快速預(yù)警提供數(shù)據(jù)支持。因此本文根據(jù)地震儀器研究需要，進(jìn)行了嵌入式Linux系統(tǒng)的設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)開(kāi)發(fā)研究[23]。 目前地震領(lǐng)域的數(shù)據(jù)采集儀器通常采用單核處理系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，外圍設(shè)備有限，處理速度慢，不具有網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸功能，不能滿(mǎn)足目前地震速報(bào)的需求。根據(jù)現(xiàn)代地震速報(bào)系統(tǒng)的要求以及未來(lái)地震網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)展的需求，ARM+DSP的雙核體系結(jié)構(gòu)是現(xiàn)在地震數(shù)據(jù)采集的發(fā)展方向。因此，本文利用了S3C6410開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái)進(jìn)行采集儀ARM部分的開(kāi)發(fā)研究。該平臺(tái)具有外設(shè)資源豐富，處理快速等特點(diǎn)，能滿(mǎn)足采集器的開(kāi)發(fā)需求。本文在簡(jiǎn)單介紹了嵌入式Linux操作系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上，詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了嵌入式Linux系統(tǒng)設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程。設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)程序是支持嵌入式系統(tǒng)設(shè)備運(yùn)行“靈魂”，同時(shí)對(duì)于不斷涌現(xiàn)的新硬件來(lái)說(shuō)，驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的開(kāi)發(fā)也是一件有意義的工作。本文著重介紹Linux驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊的開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程，并闡述了驅(qū)動(dòng)開(kāi)發(fā)思想。根據(jù)地震數(shù)據(jù)采集儀開(kāi)發(fā)需求，詳細(xì)分析了Linux系統(tǒng)中的字符設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程，深入研究了DMA驅(qū)動(dòng)程序開(kāi)發(fā)及應(yīng)用方法，以實(shí)現(xiàn)快速的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。在按鍵驅(qū)動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)中，為了防止按鍵的誤觸發(fā)，，本文設(shè)計(jì)了去抖動(dòng)按鍵驅(qū)動(dòng)，修改并配置DMA，將其應(yīng)用在串口數(shù)據(jù)傳輸中，提高處理器的效率，結(jié)合這些驅(qū)動(dòng)開(kāi)發(fā)，詳述了驅(qū)動(dòng)開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程。 最后總結(jié)了主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容和幾個(gè)創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)，并指出目前存在的不足，對(duì)進(jìn)一步研究的內(nèi)容和方向做了展望。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic technology and information technology, microprocessors and supporting hardware products are used in the field of information collection and processing. This makes the data acquisition and processing system developing towards intelligence, multifunction, interaction, real-time and low power consumption. In the field of seismic data acquisition, the collector needs to record the data accurately and reliably, and can process the obtained data preliminarily. At the same time, the data can be sent to the center of the seismic network through the network for further processing and subsequent seismic research and analysis. A new type of seismograph is required to form a system node with the sensor, which can carry out the self-examination and zero adjustment of the sensor through remote control. Nowadays, embedded technology can meet these functional requirements, so embedded intelligence has become the development direction of seismic data acquisition and other instruments. There are many earthquake-prone areas in China, and the distribution of seismic network is complex. The types of seismic instruments installed at different stations are different. In order to connect different types of instruments into the seismic network, to realize the sharing of seismic data resources, and to prevent the whole system from stopping work due to the damage of some of the instruments, The modular design should be adopted for seismic data acquisition. At the same time, modularization is also beneficial to the expansion of functions. In order to achieve the above goal, the modular embedded technology should be used to design the intelligent seismic data acquisition device. Linux system is a mature open source system in the embedded system at present. It has the characteristics of modularized design, good real-time performance and excellent network support, which can meet the requirements of seismic data acquisition instrument design. And it can effectively make the seismic system form a stable seismic monitoring network, obtain seismic information in time and effectively, and provide data support for rapid earthquake warning. Therefore, according to the need of seismograph research, this paper studies the device driver development of embedded Linux system [23]. At present, the data acquisition instruments in seismic field are usually designed by single core processing system. The peripheral equipment is limited, the processing speed is slow, and the data acquisition instrument does not have the function of network transmission, so it can not meet the needs of earthquake rapid reporting at present. According to the requirements of the modern earthquake reporting system and the development of seismic network in the future, the dual-core architecture of arm DSP is the development direction of seismic data acquisition. Therefore, this paper uses the S3C6410 development platform to develop the ARM part of the collector. The platform has the characteristics of rich peripheral resources, fast processing, and can meet the development needs of the collector. Based on the introduction of embedded Linux operating system, this paper describes the development process of embedded Linux system device driver in detail. Device driver is the "soul" to support embedded system device running, at the same time, the development of driver is also a meaningful work for the emerging new hardware. This paper mainly introduces the development process of Linux driver module, and expounds the idea of driver development. According to the development requirement of seismic data acquisition instrument, the development process of character device driver in Linux system is analyzed in detail, and the development and application method of DMA driver program are deeply studied in order to realize fast data transmission. In the design of keystroke driver, in order to prevent the keystroke from triggering by mistake, this paper designs the dejitter keystroke driver, modifies and configures DMAs, and applies them to serial port data transmission to improve the efficiency of the processor. The driving development process is described in detail. Finally, the main research contents and several innovations are summarized, and the shortcomings are pointed out, and the further research contents and directions are prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP368.1;TP316.81

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