本文選題：嵌入式 + 智能系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《中國地震局工程力學研究所》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著電子技術和信息技術的飛速發(fā)展，層出不窮的微型處理器和配套的硬件產(chǎn)品應用到信息采集處理領域。這使得數(shù)據(jù)采集處理系統(tǒng)正朝向智能、多功能、交互、實時以及低功耗等方向發(fā)展。在地震的數(shù)據(jù)采集領域，采集器需要準確、可靠地記錄數(shù)據(jù)，并能將得到的數(shù)據(jù)進行初步的處理。同時可通過網(wǎng)絡將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到地震網(wǎng)絡中心，以便進一步處理和后續(xù)的地震研究分析。新型的地震采集儀要求與傳感器組成一個系統(tǒng)節(jié)點，能夠通過遠程控制進行傳感器的自檢以及調零等工作。現(xiàn)在飛速發(fā)展的嵌入式技術能夠滿足這些功能需求，因此嵌入式智能化成為地震數(shù)據(jù)采集等儀器的發(fā)展方向。我國地域廣闊，地震多發(fā)地區(qū)較多，地震臺網(wǎng)分布復雜。各個臺站安裝的地震儀器型號各不相同，為了將不同型號的儀器連入地震網(wǎng)絡中，實現(xiàn)地震數(shù)據(jù)資源共享，并且防止由于部分儀器損壞而造成整個系統(tǒng)停止工作的情況出現(xiàn)，地震數(shù)據(jù)采集應采用模塊化設計。同時模塊化也有利于功能的擴展。為實現(xiàn)上述目標，應采用模塊化嵌入式技術進行智能地震數(shù)據(jù)采集器設計。在目前的嵌入式系統(tǒng)中，Linux系統(tǒng)是成熟的開源系統(tǒng)，其具有模塊化的設計、比較良好的實時性以及優(yōu)良的網(wǎng)絡支持等特性，能夠很好地滿足地震數(shù)據(jù)采集儀器設計的需求，并能有效的使地震系統(tǒng)組成一個穩(wěn)定的地震監(jiān)測網(wǎng)絡，及時有效獲取地震信息，為地震快速預警提供數(shù)據(jù)支持。因此本文根據(jù)地震儀器研究需要，進行了嵌入式Linux系統(tǒng)的設備驅動開發(fā)研究[23]。 目前地震領域的數(shù)據(jù)采集儀器通常采用單核處理系統(tǒng)設計，外圍設備有限，處理速度慢，不具有網(wǎng)絡傳輸功能，不能滿足目前地震速報的需求。根據(jù)現(xiàn)代地震速報系統(tǒng)的要求以及未來地震網(wǎng)絡發(fā)展的需求，ARM+DSP的雙核體系結構是現(xiàn)在地震數(shù)據(jù)采集的發(fā)展方向。因此，本文利用了S3C6410開發(fā)平臺進行采集儀ARM部分的開發(fā)研究。該平臺具有外設資源豐富，處理快速等特點，能滿足采集器的開發(fā)需求。本文在簡單介紹了嵌入式Linux操作系統(tǒng)的基礎上，詳細說明了嵌入式Linux系統(tǒng)設備驅動開發(fā)過程。設備驅動程序是支持嵌入式系統(tǒng)設備運行“靈魂”，同時對于不斷涌現(xiàn)的新硬件來說，驅動程序的開發(fā)也是一件有意義的工作。本文著重介紹Linux驅動模塊的開發(fā)過程，并闡述了驅動開發(fā)思想。根據(jù)地震數(shù)據(jù)采集儀開發(fā)需求，詳細分析了Linux系統(tǒng)中的字符設備驅動開發(fā)過程，深入研究了DMA驅動程序開發(fā)及應用方法，以實現(xiàn)快速的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。在按鍵驅動設計中，為了防止按鍵的誤觸發(fā)，，本文設計了去抖動按鍵驅動，修改并配置DMA，將其應用在串口數(shù)據(jù)傳輸中，提高處理器的效率，結合這些驅動開發(fā)，詳述了驅動開發(fā)過程。 最后總結了主要的研究內(nèi)容和幾個創(chuàng)新點，并指出目前存在的不足，對進一步研究的內(nèi)容和方向做了展望。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic technology and information technology, microprocessors and supporting hardware products are used in the field of information collection and processing. This makes the data acquisition and processing system developing towards intelligence, multifunction, interaction, real-time and low power consumption. In the field of seismic data acquisition, the collector needs to record the data accurately and reliably, and can process the obtained data preliminarily. At the same time, the data can be sent to the center of the seismic network through the network for further processing and subsequent seismic research and analysis. A new type of seismograph is required to form a system node with the sensor, which can carry out the self-examination and zero adjustment of the sensor through remote control. Nowadays, embedded technology can meet these functional requirements, so embedded intelligence has become the development direction of seismic data acquisition and other instruments. There are many earthquake-prone areas in China, and the distribution of seismic network is complex. The types of seismic instruments installed at different stations are different. In order to connect different types of instruments into the seismic network, to realize the sharing of seismic data resources, and to prevent the whole system from stopping work due to the damage of some of the instruments, The modular design should be adopted for seismic data acquisition. At the same time, modularization is also beneficial to the expansion of functions. In order to achieve the above goal, the modular embedded technology should be used to design the intelligent seismic data acquisition device. Linux system is a mature open source system in the embedded system at present. It has the characteristics of modularized design, good real-time performance and excellent network support, which can meet the requirements of seismic data acquisition instrument design. And it can effectively make the seismic system form a stable seismic monitoring network, obtain seismic information in time and effectively, and provide data support for rapid earthquake warning. Therefore, according to the need of seismograph research, this paper studies the device driver development of embedded Linux system [23]. At present, the data acquisition instruments in seismic field are usually designed by single core processing system. The peripheral equipment is limited, the processing speed is slow, and the data acquisition instrument does not have the function of network transmission, so it can not meet the needs of earthquake rapid reporting at present. According to the requirements of the modern earthquake reporting system and the development of seismic network in the future, the dual-core architecture of arm DSP is the development direction of seismic data acquisition. Therefore, this paper uses the S3C6410 development platform to develop the ARM part of the collector. The platform has the characteristics of rich peripheral resources, fast processing, and can meet the development needs of the collector. Based on the introduction of embedded Linux operating system, this paper describes the development process of embedded Linux system device driver in detail. Device driver is the "soul" to support embedded system device running, at the same time, the development of driver is also a meaningful work for the emerging new hardware. This paper mainly introduces the development process of Linux driver module, and expounds the idea of driver development. According to the development requirement of seismic data acquisition instrument, the development process of character device driver in Linux system is analyzed in detail, and the development and application method of DMA driver program are deeply studied in order to realize fast data transmission. In the design of keystroke driver, in order to prevent the keystroke from triggering by mistake, this paper designs the dejitter keystroke driver, modifies and configures DMAs, and applies them to serial port data transmission to improve the efficiency of the processor. The driving development process is described in detail. Finally, the main research contents and several innovations are summarized, and the shortcomings are pointed out, and the further research contents and directions are prospected.
【學位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學研究所
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TP368.1;TP316.81

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