含非線性因素的掃描鏡系統(tǒng)線性模型辨識
本文選題:掃描鏡系統(tǒng) + 系統(tǒng)辨識。 參考:《中國科學(xué)院研究生院(長春光學(xué)精密機械與物理研究所)》2012年博士論文
【摘要】:為將基于模型的控制器設(shè)計方法應(yīng)用到航空相機像移補償控制中,本論文研究含有非線性因素的像移補償系統(tǒng)的線性模型辨識。以某航空相機掃描鏡系統(tǒng)為研究對象,從非線性影響程度評估、非參數(shù)模型辨識、參數(shù)模型辨識和模型的閉環(huán)校驗四個方面對掃描鏡系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了研究,獲得了掃描鏡系統(tǒng)最佳線性近似模型。 介紹了掃描鏡系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成,分析了系統(tǒng)中存在的兩種非線性因素并建立了掃描鏡系統(tǒng)理論模型和仿真模型。通過實際測量獲得了掃描鏡系統(tǒng)的死區(qū)及功率級負(fù)載非線性效應(yīng),針對脈寬調(diào)制(PWM)功率驅(qū)動方法引入了等效輸入電壓和等效啟動電壓概念,由于功率級負(fù)載非線性效應(yīng)使得掃描鏡系統(tǒng)等效啟動電壓增大。 使用不同方法對掃描鏡系統(tǒng)非參數(shù)模型進(jìn)行辨識。分別使用Blackman-Tukey譜分析方法和隨機相位多正弦信號(Random Phase MultiSine)對掃描鏡系統(tǒng)的非參數(shù)模型進(jìn)行辨識,并獲得了掃描鏡系統(tǒng)最佳線性近似的非參數(shù)模型及不確定性的估計。研究結(jié)果表明:改進(jìn)偽隨機二進(jìn)制序列的功率譜分布及優(yōu)化隨機正弦組合信號幅值因子都能有效改善模型低頻段與正弦掃描測試結(jié)果間的偏差,掃描鏡系統(tǒng)最佳線性近似的頻率響應(yīng)函數(shù)在低頻段與正弦掃描測試結(jié)果差別較大。 使用不同方法對掃描鏡系統(tǒng)線性參數(shù)模型進(jìn)行辨識,給出存在非線性因素影響時系統(tǒng)線性模型階數(shù)選擇方法;跁r域數(shù)據(jù),使用預(yù)測誤差辨識方法辨識掃描鏡系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)模型,,對不同的模型階數(shù)OE模型和ARX模型分別進(jìn)行研究;基于頻域數(shù)據(jù),使用采樣極大似然方法辨識掃描鏡系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)模型。研究結(jié)果表明,對于存在非線性因素影響的系統(tǒng),綜合使用多種模型校驗方法對不同階數(shù)的線性模型進(jìn)行檢驗,可以獲得適合的辨識結(jié)果。 掃描鏡系統(tǒng)參數(shù)模型的閉環(huán)校驗。選定一個控制器,比較模型與真實系統(tǒng)間在閉環(huán)條件下接近程度,給出與系統(tǒng)真實行為特性最接近的模型。通過對模型與實際系統(tǒng)間靈敏度函數(shù)和階躍響應(yīng)的比較看到,掃描鏡系統(tǒng)存在非線性因素的影響,使得最佳線性近似參數(shù)模型能更好的反映系統(tǒng)閉環(huán)行為特征。 本論文研究結(jié)果表明,對存在摩擦死區(qū)非線性和功率級負(fù)載非線性系統(tǒng)因素影響掃描鏡系統(tǒng),通過不同方法獲得的線性模型中,系統(tǒng)最佳線性近似模型最能反映真實對象的行為特性。
[Abstract]:In order to apply the model-based controller design method to the image shift compensation control of aerial camera, the linear model identification of the image shift compensation system with nonlinear factors is studied in this paper. The scanning mirror system of a certain aerial camera is studied from four aspects: nonlinear influence degree evaluation, nonparametric model identification, parameter model identification and model closed-loop verification. The optimal linear approximation model of scanning mirror system is obtained. This paper introduces the structure of scanning mirror system, analyzes two kinds of nonlinear factors in the system, and establishes the theoretical model and simulation model of scanning mirror system. The dead-time and power level load nonlinear effects of scanning mirror system are obtained by practical measurement. The concepts of equivalent input voltage and equivalent start voltage are introduced to the PWM PWM-based power drive method. The equivalent start-up voltage of the scanning mirror system is increased due to the nonlinear effect of power level load. Different methods are used to identify the non-parametric model of scanning mirror system. The nonparametric model of scanning mirror system is identified by Blackman-Tukey spectrum analysis method and random Phase MultiSine method of random phase multi-sinusoidal signal, and the optimal linear approximation nonparametric model and uncertainty estimation of scanning mirror system are obtained. The results show that improving the power spectrum distribution of pseudorandom binary sequences and optimizing the amplitude factor of random sinusoidal combination signals can effectively improve the deviation between the low frequency band of the model and the results of sinusoidal scanning. The frequency response function of the optimal linear approximation of scanning mirror system is different from that of sinusoidal scanning in low frequency range. Different methods are used to identify the linear parameter model of the scanning mirror system, and the order selection method of the linear model for the system with the influence of nonlinear factors is given. Based on time domain data, the parameter model of scanning mirror system is identified by using predictive error identification method, and the different model order OE model and ARX model are studied separately, based on frequency domain data, The parameter model of scanning mirror system is identified by sampling maximum likelihood method. The results show that for the systems with nonlinear factors, the linear models of different orders can be tested by using a variety of model checking methods, and the suitable identification results can be obtained. Closed-loop calibration of scanning mirror system parameter model. A controller is selected to compare the close-loop approximation between the model and the real system, and the model that is the closest to the real behavior of the system is given. By comparing the sensitivity function and step response between the model and the real system, it is found that there are nonlinear factors in the scanning mirror system, which makes the optimal linear approximate parameter model better reflect the closed-loop behavior characteristics of the system. The results of this paper show that the linear model of the scanning mirror system is affected by the factors of the nonlinear system with friction dead-time and the nonlinear load of power level, and the linear model is obtained by different methods. The optimal linear approximation model of the system can best reflect the behavior of the real object.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國科學(xué)院研究生院(長春光學(xué)精密機械與物理研究所)
【學(xué)位級別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:TP273;TP334.22
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