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  本文選題：嵌入式系統(tǒng)　切入點：動態(tài)測試　出處：《大連理工大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：嵌入式系統(tǒng)的三個基本特征：資源緊湊有限、時間約束嚴格、成本極度敏感,并且嵌入式軟件本身由于需要處理大量中斷,許多嵌入式軟件性能指標(系統(tǒng)吞吐量、任務處理能力、堆棧深度等)與中斷密切相關,是衡量軟件優(yōu)劣、指導系統(tǒng)設計的重要依據。中斷的不確定性和動態(tài)性使得這些動態(tài)性能指標測試困難。 本文圍繞當前嵌入式軟件開發(fā)設計和可信度保障實際問題以及未來技術需求在嵌入式軟件動態(tài)仿真驗證系統(tǒng)的前期工作基礎上展開：構建帶有搶占優(yōu)先權的中斷排隊模型,采用排隊論方法對嵌入式軟件進行性能評估,通過討論排隊系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)時的特點,分析系統(tǒng)吞吐率、中斷丟失率、系統(tǒng)的平均中斷處理時間、中斷處理時間、CPU安全占有率等關鍵性能指標,對嵌入式軟件動態(tài)性能進行評價；將遺傳算法、決策樹和狀態(tài)變遷矩陣應用到堆棧深度檢測中,從尋求產生最大堆棧深度的軟件執(zhí)行路徑的角度詳細分析堆棧使用原因和中斷類型,建立中斷調度模型,提出基于遺傳算法的WCSD (Worst Case Stack Depth)動態(tài)檢測方法,以降低最大堆棧深度檢測的誤差；研究更加穩(wěn)定的WCSD檢測方法,分析堆棧在軟件指令區(qū)間的分布情況,構建多層中斷疊加模型并基于該模型設計堆棧動態(tài)檢測方法,以獲得嵌入式軟件堆棧深度上限。 最后,在高性能集群平臺和SPARC仿真技術上,有效集成上述研究成果,建立全數字仿真驗證平臺,快速準確評測嵌入式軟件關鍵的性能指標,提高嵌入式軟件的安全性。經過實驗驗證可知,上述研究成果具有很好的可信度和可用性以及實用意義。
[Abstract]:The three basic characteristics of embedded system are: limited resources, strict time constraints, extremely sensitive cost, and many embedded software performance indicators (system throughput) due to the need to deal with a large number of interrupts. Task processing ability, stack depth and so on are closely related to interrupt, which is an important basis for evaluating software quality and guiding system design. The uncertainty and dynamics of interrupt make it difficult to test these dynamic performance indexes. On the basis of the previous work of embedded software dynamic simulation verification system, this paper focuses on the actual problems of embedded software development, design and credibility assurance and the future technical requirements. It constructs an interrupt queue model with preemptive priority. The performance of embedded software is evaluated by queueing theory method. The system throughput, interrupt loss rate and average interrupt processing time are analyzed by discussing the characteristics of the steady state of the queueing system. The dynamic performance of embedded software is evaluated by interrupt processing time and CPU security share, and genetic algorithm, decision tree and state transition matrix are applied to stack depth detection. From the point of seeking the software execution path that produces the maximum stack depth, the reasons and types of stacks are analyzed in detail, the interrupt scheduling model is established, and the dynamic detection method of WCSD Worst Case Stack based on genetic algorithm is proposed. In order to reduce the error of maximum stack depth detection, a more stable WCSD detection method is studied, the distribution of stack in the software instruction interval is analyzed, and the stack dynamic detection method is designed based on the multi-layer interrupt superposition model. To get the upper limit of embedded software stack depth. Finally, in the aspect of high performance cluster platform and SPARC simulation technology, the above research results are effectively integrated, the full digital simulation verification platform is established, and the key performance indexes of embedded software are evaluated quickly and accurately. The experimental results show that the above research results have good reliability, usability and practical significance.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TP311.53;TP368.1

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