本文選題：多核處理器　切入點(diǎn)：對(duì)稱多處理器　出處：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái)，隨著信息量爆炸式增長(zhǎng)，計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的性能和功耗之間的矛盾日益凸現(xiàn)，單核處理器已不能滿足各領(lǐng)域電腦用戶的需求。單芯片多核處理器通過(guò)在芯片上集成多個(gè)頻率較低的可執(zhí)行核來(lái)解決單核發(fā)展遇到的瓶頸問(wèn)題，而研究支持多核處理器的操作系統(tǒng)是多核得以應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)。RTEMS嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)對(duì)多處理器提供了很好的支持。但是具體硬件體系結(jié)構(gòu)不同，多核化設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中需要實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制不一樣。本文主要研究支持SMP體系的RTEMS多核化實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制。 論文首先剖析RTEMS操作系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核，在此基礎(chǔ)上研究RTEMS系統(tǒng)對(duì)多核處理器的支持。系統(tǒng)采用了共享內(nèi)存的體系架構(gòu)，通過(guò)中斷機(jī)制實(shí)現(xiàn)多核之間的通信。針對(duì)單核情況下的同步互斥機(jī)制在多核系統(tǒng)中不能保持原有語(yǔ)義的問(wèn)題，系統(tǒng)采用改進(jìn)的任務(wù)自旋鎖與中斷自旋鎖相結(jié)合的機(jī)制，該機(jī)制較好的實(shí)現(xiàn)了RTEMS多核化的同步與互斥。針對(duì)RTEMS多核任務(wù)調(diào)度采用統(tǒng)一分配策略帶來(lái)的不足，，在對(duì)現(xiàn)有動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度算法研究的基礎(chǔ)上，提出根據(jù)系統(tǒng)資源動(dòng)態(tài)變化自動(dòng)進(jìn)行任務(wù)調(diào)整的兩級(jí)動(dòng)態(tài)任務(wù)調(diào)度算法。 本文在M5多核仿真平臺(tái)上利用TGFF工具生成測(cè)試任務(wù)的方法進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，驗(yàn)證RTEMS多核化系統(tǒng)的可行性和高效性，并選擇加速比和負(fù)載平衡效率作為策略性能評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。測(cè)試結(jié)果證明了系統(tǒng)正確性，并且隨著計(jì)算規(guī)模不斷增大，新機(jī)制縮短了任務(wù)執(zhí)行時(shí)間、改善了系統(tǒng)并行效率。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the explosive growth of information, the contradiction between the performance and power consumption of computer systems has become increasingly apparent. Single-core processors can no longer meet the needs of computer users in various fields. Single-chip multi-core processors can solve the bottleneck problems encountered in the development of single cores by integrating multiple low-frequency executable cores on the chip. The research on the operating system supporting multi-core processor is the basis of the application of multi-core. RTEMS embedded operating system provides a good support for multi-processor, but the specific hardware architecture is different. The implementation mechanism is different in the process of multicore design. This paper mainly studies the implementation mechanism of RTEMS multicore supporting SMP system. Firstly, the kernel of RTEMS operating system is analyzed, and then the support of RTEMS system to multi-core processor is studied. The system adopts the architecture of shared memory. In order to solve the problem that the synchronous mutex mechanism in the case of single core can not keep the original semantics in the multi-core system, the system adopts the improved mechanism of the combination of the task spin lock and the interrupt spin lock. This mechanism realizes the synchronization and mutex of RTEMS multicore well. Aiming at the shortage of unified allocation policy for RTEMS multi-core task scheduling, based on the research of the existing dynamic scheduling algorithms, This paper presents a two-level dynamic task scheduling algorithm which automatically adjusts tasks according to the dynamic changes of system resources. In this paper, the method of generating test task by using TGFF tools on M5 multi-core simulation platform is used to verify the feasibility and efficiency of RTEMS multicore system. The speedup ratio and load balancing efficiency are selected as the performance evaluation indexes of the strategy. The test results show that the system is correct and the new mechanism shortens the task execution time and improves the system parallel efficiency with the increasing of computing scale.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP332;TP316

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