本文選題：光伏并網(wǎng)　切入點(diǎn)：通信管理機(jī)　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著計(jì)算機(jī)、通信、網(wǎng)絡(luò)和嵌入式系統(tǒng)等技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,光伏并網(wǎng)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)所監(jiān)控的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備在智能化和網(wǎng)絡(luò)化水平上得到了進(jìn)一步的提高。一方面,光伏電站現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備廠家眾多,雖然大多數(shù)廠家宣稱(chēng)采用Modbus通信規(guī)約,但是每個(gè)廠家根據(jù)自身的特點(diǎn)對(duì)Modbus通信規(guī)約做了不同的定義,因此電站設(shè)備通信規(guī)約的復(fù)雜多變帶來(lái)了如何實(shí)現(xiàn)互操作和設(shè)備兼容的問(wèn)題；另一方面,隨著太陽(yáng)能光伏電站規(guī)模性的投入建設(shè)和使用,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備的數(shù)量越來(lái)越多,設(shè)備數(shù)量不斷增加需要更多的串口滿(mǎn)足通信需求,因此,設(shè)計(jì)功能豐富、多路串口、多種規(guī)約、可靠性高、穩(wěn)定性高的通信系統(tǒng)設(shè)備至關(guān)重要。 本論文基于光伏并網(wǎng)設(shè)備多樣化和規(guī)�；陌l(fā)展趨勢(shì),根據(jù)光伏電站通信需求,在實(shí)現(xiàn)可靠通信和通信兼容的前提下,設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)一種具有多路串口和規(guī)約轉(zhuǎn)化功能的通信設(shè)備,即光伏并網(wǎng)通信管理機(jī)。通信管理機(jī)主要由CPU主板、通信板、電源板等組成,CPU主板(4層板)采用ARM+FPGA的構(gòu)架和嵌入式Linux操作系統(tǒng),通過(guò)多路串口實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)整個(gè)光伏并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的信息采集,經(jīng)過(guò)規(guī)約轉(zhuǎn)換后集中送往當(dāng)?shù)睾笈_(tái)或遠(yuǎn)方調(diào)度主站,同時(shí)將后臺(tái)或主站命令傳遞給各測(cè)控裝置,實(shí)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)鼗蜻h(yuǎn)程控制。該通信管理機(jī)具有多串口、規(guī)約轉(zhuǎn)化等特點(diǎn),能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)各種設(shè)備的數(shù)據(jù)接收、數(shù)據(jù)處理、規(guī)約轉(zhuǎn)換等功能,更好的服務(wù)于光伏電站的運(yùn)行。 論文在閱讀了大量的國(guó)內(nèi)外參考文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,從硬件和軟件兩個(gè)方面論述了光伏電站通信管理機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)。為了提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性、可擴(kuò)展性和可移植性,軟硬件均采用模塊化設(shè)計(jì)。硬件重點(diǎn)闡述了總體設(shè)計(jì)和CPU主板、通信板等的原理圖和PCB的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn),同時(shí)為了配合CPU板工作,設(shè)計(jì)了485通信板和環(huán)境參數(shù)采集板：軟件重點(diǎn)闡述了Linux下的規(guī)約轉(zhuǎn)換的實(shí)現(xiàn),以及通過(guò)FPGA編程實(shí)現(xiàn)ARM與FPGA的并行通信和多路串口。 論文完成了光伏并網(wǎng)通信管理機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn),硬件方面主要完成了CPU主板、通信板以及環(huán)境參數(shù)采集板的原理圖以及PCB的設(shè)計(jì),軟件方面完成了Modbus/TCP規(guī)約轉(zhuǎn)換模塊、ARM與FPGA并行通信模塊以及多路串口的實(shí)現(xiàn)程序,實(shí)現(xiàn)了多路串口和規(guī)約轉(zhuǎn)化以及數(shù)據(jù)的采集、集中和傳輸,最后通過(guò)仿真和搭建測(cè)試平臺(tái)進(jìn)行測(cè)試,對(duì)通信管理機(jī)的功能進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明通信管理機(jī)軟硬件運(yùn)行狀況良好,設(shè)計(jì)達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of computer, communication, network and embedded system, the field equipment monitored by photovoltaic grid-connected monitoring system has been further improved in the level of intelligence and networking. There are many photovoltaic power plant field equipment manufacturers, although most of the manufacturers claim to adopt the Modbus communication protocol, but each manufacturer according to their own characteristics of the Modbus communication protocol has made a different definition. Therefore, the complex and changeable communication protocol of power plant equipment brings about the problem of how to achieve interoperability and compatibility. On the other hand, with the large-scale construction and use of solar photovoltaic power station, the number of field equipment is increasing. Increasing the number of equipment needs more serial ports to meet the requirements of communication. Therefore, it is very important to design communication system equipment with rich function, multiple serial ports, multiple protocols, high reliability and high stability. Based on the trend of diversification and scale of photovoltaic grid-connected equipment, according to the demand of photovoltaic power station, this paper realizes reliable communication and communication compatibility. Design and implement a kind of communication equipment with multi-channel serial port and protocol conversion function, namely photovoltaic grid-connected communication management machine, which is mainly composed of CPU motherboard and communication board. ARM FPGA and embedded Linux operating system are used to collect the information of the whole photovoltaic grid-connected system through multiple serial ports. After the protocol conversion, it is sent to the local backstage or remote dispatching main station. At the same time, the command of the background or main station is transferred to each measuring and controlling device to realize local or remote control. The communication management machine has the characteristics of multi-serial port and protocol transformation, which can realize the data receiving and data processing of all kinds of equipments in the field. Protocol conversion and other functions to better serve the operation of photovoltaic power plants. On the basis of reading a large number of references at home and abroad, this paper discusses the design and implementation of photovoltaic power station communication management machine from two aspects of hardware and software, in order to improve the reliability, expansibility and portability of the system. The hardware and software are designed by modularization. The overall design, the schematic diagram of CPU motherboard and communication board, and the design and realization of PCB are expounded. Meanwhile, in order to cooperate with CPU board, 485 communication board and environment parameter acquisition board are designed. The software focuses on the realization of protocol conversion under Linux, and the parallel communication between ARM and FPGA and multiple serial ports through FPGA programming. The paper has completed the design and implementation of the photovoltaic grid-connected communication management machine. In hardware, the schematic diagram of CPU motherboard, communication board and environmental parameter acquisition board and the design of PCB have been completed. In the aspect of software, the parallel communication module between arm and FPGA and the realization program of multi-channel serial port are completed, and the conversion of multi-channel serial port and protocol as well as the collection, centralization and transmission of data are realized. Finally, the function of the communication management machine is verified by simulation and test platform. The results show that the software and hardware of the communication management machine are running well and the design achieves the desired effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM615;TP368.1

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