一種用于DSP的乘法器設(shè)計(jì)
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 16×16乘法器 優(yōu)化Booth算法 傳輸門 符號(hào)位優(yōu)化 出處:《沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:隨著圖像采集,語(yǔ)音識(shí)別等數(shù)字信號(hào)處理在社會(huì)生活中應(yīng)用的越來(lái)越廣泛,數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器(DSP)在社會(huì)生活中發(fā)揮的作用越來(lái)越重要。手機(jī),電視甚至高檔汽車上都不能缺少DSP的身影。工藝的進(jìn)步和技術(shù)的成熟,使DSP能在保持高性能的同時(shí),價(jià)格越來(lái)越低廉,穩(wěn)定性越來(lái)越好。這使得DSP在工業(yè)控制領(lǐng)域被廣泛應(yīng)用。對(duì)于DSP來(lái)說(shuō)乘法是其核心的運(yùn)算,所以一個(gè)乘法器性能的優(yōu)劣,可以直接影響DSP的性能。在設(shè)計(jì)乘法器的時(shí)候,我們要根據(jù)需求綜合考慮設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間,工作速度,芯片面積,產(chǎn)品功耗等各個(gè)方面的因素,對(duì)各種方案進(jìn)行取舍。本文設(shè)計(jì)的是一個(gè)用于工業(yè)控制領(lǐng)域的DSP中的乘法器模塊,,在研究了乘法器的各種實(shí)現(xiàn)方法后,發(fā)現(xiàn)采用全定制方法設(shè)計(jì)的基于優(yōu)化Booth算法的陣列乘法器是一種很好的方案。 本文首先介紹了乘法器的基本原理,以及生成部分積和壓縮部分積的幾種方法,其中推導(dǎo)了Booth算法和優(yōu)化Booth算法,并詳細(xì)分析優(yōu)化Booth算法的好處。由于采用優(yōu)化Booth算法是對(duì)乘數(shù)的偶數(shù)位及相鄰兩位進(jìn)行交替編碼產(chǎn)生部分積,因此可以將部分積的數(shù)目減少一半。在部分積壓縮部分對(duì)符號(hào)位產(chǎn)生提出了一種優(yōu)化方法算法。分別對(duì)有符號(hào)和無(wú)符號(hào)的情況進(jìn)行具體討論。在具體的電路實(shí)現(xiàn)上,大量采用了傳輸門和傳輸管來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)邏輯功能,這樣的好處是大大節(jié)省芯片面積。 本文采用Chart0.35um BiCmos工藝,分別半定制設(shè)計(jì)和全定制設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)可選擇有符號(hào)數(shù)乘法或者無(wú)符號(hào)數(shù)乘法的16×16乘法器。通過(guò)Modelsim驗(yàn)證乘法器邏輯功能的正確性。全定制乘法器的面積是218842.72um~2,半定制乘法器的面積為328764um2。全定制乘法器的最壞情況延遲為8ns。
[Abstract]:With the increasing application of digital signal processing such as image acquisition and speech recognition in social life, digital signal processor (DSP) plays a more and more important role in social life. DSP can not be absent on TV or even high-end cars. With the progress of technology and maturity of technology, DSP can keep its high performance while the price becomes cheaper and cheaper. Stability is getting better and better. This makes DSP widely used in the field of industrial control. Multiplication is its core operation for DSP, so the performance of a multiplier can directly affect the performance of DSP. We should consider the design time, the working speed, the chip area, the product power consumption and so on according to the demand synthetically consider the design time, the chip area, the product power consumption and so on each aspect factor, carries on the choice to each kind of plan. This paper designs a multiplier module in the DSP which is used in the industrial control field. After studying the various implementation methods of the multiplier, it is found that the array multiplier based on the optimized Booth algorithm is a good scheme. This paper first introduces the basic principle of multiplier and several methods of generating partial product and compressed partial product. Among them, Booth algorithm and optimized Booth algorithm are derived. The advantage of optimized Booth algorithm is analyzed in detail. Because the optimal Booth algorithm is used to produce partial product by alternating coding the even bits and adjacent bits of multipliers. Therefore, the number of partial product can be reduced by half. In the partial product compression part, an optimization algorithm for symbol bit generation is proposed. The signed and unsigned cases are discussed in detail. A large number of transmission gates and transfer tubes are used to achieve logic functions, which greatly saves the chip area. In this paper, Chart0.35um BiCmos process is used. In this paper, a 16 脳 16 multiplier which can select signed number multiplication or unsigned number multiplication is designed, respectively. The logical function of multiplier is verified by Modelsim. The area of full custom multiplier is 218842.72um2 and semi-custom multiplier is 218842.72um2. The area of multiplier is 328764um2.The worst-case delay of fully customized multiplier is 8ns.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號(hào)】:TP332.22
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