本文關(guān)鍵詞： 門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng) 數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器 硬件設(shè)計(jì) VF控制　出處：《上海交通大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：電梯的門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)是電梯重要的結(jié)構(gòu)部件之一，門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的性能直接影響電梯的運(yùn)行質(zhì)量和故障率指標(biāo)，并影響乘客安全進(jìn)出轎廂和候梯時(shí)間。近年來，隨著電力電子技術(shù)和微控制器技術(shù)的發(fā)展，數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器的處理速度和運(yùn)算能力迅速提高，促進(jìn)了電機(jī)控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展。而異步電機(jī)具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，成本和維護(hù)費(fèi)用低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此，本文設(shè)計(jì)了以數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器為主控芯片，采用恒壓頻比(VF)的控制算法，將電梯門機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器與邏輯控制器集成為一體的門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)。 本文解讀了國(guó)標(biāo)GB7588-2003《電梯制造與安裝安全規(guī)范》中與門機(jī)控制相關(guān)的規(guī)定，并且分析蒂森克虜伯電梯公司所使用的K100、K200門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成、工作原理和接口信號(hào)，和存在的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，從而提出了一款新的門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)，包括門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的輸入輸出信號(hào)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能及故障保護(hù)。 在系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)中，本文給出了主要電路模塊的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)圖，并對(duì)其中的元器件進(jìn)行了分析和選型，對(duì)電路中的電氣參數(shù)進(jìn)行了分析計(jì)算和說明。這些主要的電路模塊包括光耦輸入電路模塊，繼電器輸出電路模塊，差分和推挽編碼器采集模塊，以TMS320F2812為主控芯片的MCU模塊，系統(tǒng)復(fù)位模塊，，以三菱電機(jī)公司生產(chǎn)的智能功率模塊PS21964為驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊的驅(qū)動(dòng)電路，過電流保護(hù)電路模塊，過電流自鎖保護(hù)電路模塊。 基于所設(shè)計(jì)的控制系統(tǒng)電路圖，論文對(duì)系統(tǒng)的額定沖擊電壓、最小電氣間隙、最小爬電距離及電氣絕緣等電氣參數(shù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析，確定了印刷電路板(Printed Circuit Board，PCB)走線的線寬，制定了電氣規(guī)則和走線規(guī)則。運(yùn)用Altium公司的Altium Designer Summer08繪制PCB板，并給出了布線完成后的板圖。 在系統(tǒng)軟件的設(shè)計(jì)中，本文闡述了基于電壓空間矢量脈寬調(diào)制(SVPWM)的VF控制系統(tǒng)的基本原理，VF控制原理，PID控制算法，坐標(biāo)變換，SVPWM控制算法以及編碼器采集模塊的原理，編寫了VF控制的門機(jī)控制程序,并通過軟件開發(fā)平臺(tái)CCS5.1分三步編譯調(diào)試了控制程序。首先，編譯了VF控制程序，通過測(cè)試平臺(tái)驗(yàn)證了該段程序可以正確運(yùn)行。然后，在上一步的基礎(chǔ)上加入了編碼器采集程序，通過測(cè)試該段程序證明系統(tǒng)可以正確反饋電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速。最后，再在第二步的基礎(chǔ)上加入PID調(diào)節(jié)程序，通過示波器記錄實(shí)際波形，并與軟件仿真波形進(jìn)行對(duì)比，驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的有效性。
[Abstract]:The door crane control system of elevator is one of the important structural components of elevator. The performance of door crane control system directly affects the operation quality and failure rate index of elevator, and also affects the safe entry and exit of passengers in and out of the car and waiting time. In recent years, the performance of door crane control system directly affects the operation quality and failure rate index of elevator. With the development of power electronics and microcontroller technology, the processing speed and computing ability of digital signal processor have been improved rapidly, which has promoted the development of motor control technology. The cost and maintenance cost are low. Therefore, this paper designs a door crane control system with digital signal processor as the main control chip and constant voltage frequency ratio (VF) control algorithm, which integrates the elevator door crane driver with the logic controller. This paper interprets the regulations related to door crane control in the national standard GB7588-2003 "Safety Specification for the manufacture and installation of Elevator", and analyzes the system structure, working principle and interface signal of the K100m K200 door crane control system used by ThyssenKrupp Elevator Company, which is used by ThyssenKrupp Elevator Company. A new door crane control system is proposed, including the input and output signals of the door crane control system, the functions and fault protection of the door crane control system. In the hardware design of the system, the detailed design diagram of the main circuit modules is given, and the components are analyzed and selected. The main circuit modules include optocoupler input circuit module, relay output circuit module, differential and push-pull encoder acquisition module, and MCU module with TMS320F2812 as the main control chip. The system reset module takes the intelligent power module PS21964 produced by Mitsubishi Electric Company as the driving circuit, the over-current protection circuit module and the over-current self-locking protection circuit module. Based on the circuit diagram of the designed control system, the electrical parameters of the system, such as rated impulse voltage, minimum electrical gap, minimum creeping distance and electrical insulation, are analyzed in detail, and the line width of printed Circuit printed Circuit PCB is determined. The electric rules and wiring rules are formulated, and the PCB board is drawn by Altium Designer Summer08 of Altium Company, and the board diagram after wiring is given. In the design of system software, the basic principle of VF control system based on voltage space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) is described. The basic principle of VF control system is the pid control algorithm, the coordinate transformation SVPWM control algorithm and the principle of encoder acquisition module. The control program of the door crane controlled by VF is written, and the control program is compiled and debugged by the software development platform CCS5.1 in three steps. Firstly, the control program of VF is compiled and verified by the test platform. On the basis of the previous step, the encoder acquisition program is added, and it is proved by testing the program that the system can correctly feedback the speed of the motor. Finally, on the basis of the second step, the PID adjustment program is added, and the actual waveform is recorded by the oscillograph. And compared with the software simulation waveform, the effectiveness of the system design is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TM343;TP368.12

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

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1 高崢;李格;羅林根;李U

本文編號(hào)：1517890