本文關(guān)鍵詞： 門機 遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控 ARM處理器 嵌入式Linux 嵌入式GUI　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：全球貿(mào)易的不斷增加,對港口作業(yè)提高效率、降低成本提出了新的要求。港口起重機械是在港口貨物裝卸過程中提高生產(chǎn)率的重要工具。門機是我國港口應(yīng)用最為廣泛的裝卸機械,其運行狀態(tài)直接影響著港口的生產(chǎn)效率和經(jīng)濟效益。保證門機的安全運行,延長其使用壽命,預(yù)防意外事故的發(fā)生,實現(xiàn)狀態(tài)監(jiān)控的可靠性、自動化和智能化,是建設(shè)現(xiàn)代港口的必然要求。 嵌入式處理器具有體積小、功耗低、成本低、處理速度快以及可移植性強等諸多優(yōu)點,能夠滿足對實時性要求較高的網(wǎng)絡(luò)組網(wǎng)和通信的需求。以嵌入式芯片為核心的工業(yè)監(jiān)測和控制系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)成為智能監(jiān)控的重要發(fā)展趨勢。 本文以遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控和嵌入式技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合計算機科學(xué)、傳感技術(shù)、無線通信技術(shù)和圖形用戶界面的相關(guān)研究成果,根據(jù)軟硬件協(xié)同設(shè)計的思路,設(shè)計了門機遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控終端的總體結(jié)構(gòu),實現(xiàn)了終端的軟件功能和用戶界面。 論文首先分析了國內(nèi)外起重機監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,從門機的機械構(gòu)造、電氣系統(tǒng)和作業(yè)流程3個方面做了需求分析,采用分布式監(jiān)控模式,提出了門機監(jiān)控終端的結(jié)構(gòu),即由數(shù)據(jù)采集、中央處理、輸出控制和無線通信4個子系統(tǒng)組成,各子系統(tǒng)之間通過RS-232總線連接,采用Modbus協(xié)議作為數(shù)據(jù)通訊的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。課題中硬件設(shè)備的選型由項目合作單位負(fù)責(zé)完成。 接著,根據(jù)操作主體和功能需求的不同,論文把軟件功能分為工作模式和管理員模式,分別對這兩種模式的功能模塊作了介紹。在確定了嵌入式應(yīng)用程序和GUI的開發(fā)工具后,搭建了嵌入式Linux的開發(fā)環(huán)境,包括交叉編譯工具的安裝、Bootloader的移植、內(nèi)核的編譯和文件系統(tǒng)的加載；之后介紹了Qt開發(fā)工具的特點,完成了Qt的交叉編譯和移植。 之后,利用Qt Designer對監(jiān)控終端兩種模式的顯示界面進(jìn)行了可視化設(shè)計,用Qt開發(fā)工具做了顯示功能的實現(xiàn)；以重量計算與幅度計算為特例,給出了數(shù)據(jù)處理模塊的原理和過程,實現(xiàn)了輸出控制模塊的功能。 最后,對監(jiān)控終端做了集成測試,針對測試過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題做出了改進(jìn),包括利用定時器和線程互斥鎖防止鍵盤一次性輸入過多的錯誤；加入了調(diào)節(jié)LCD亮度的模塊,為門機操作員提供更人性化的工作條件。 本文開發(fā)的門機監(jiān)控終端以ARM處理器為控制核心,嵌入式Linux作為操作系統(tǒng),通過3G無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)與控制中心服務(wù)器進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程通信。該終端具備門機工作狀態(tài)信息采集、自動控制和報警提示功能,為用戶提供了友好的交互界面,同時可以準(zhǔn)確記錄保存司機工作量,為績效管理和統(tǒng)計分析決策提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Increasing global trade has increased the efficiency of port operations. To reduce cost, new requirements are put forward. Port crane is an important tool to improve productivity in port cargo loading and unloading process. Door crane is the most widely used loading and unloading machinery in port of our country. Its running state directly affects the production efficiency and economic benefit of the port, ensures the safe operation of the door crane, prolongs its service life, prevents the accident, realizes the reliability, automation and intelligence of the state monitoring. It is an inevitable requirement for the construction of modern ports. Embedded processor has many advantages, such as small size, low power consumption, low cost, fast processing speed and strong portability. The industrial monitoring and control system with embedded chip as the core has become an important trend of intelligent monitoring and control. This paper based on remote monitoring and embedded technology, combined with computer science, sensing technology, wireless communication technology and graphical user interface research results, according to the idea of hardware and software co-design. The overall structure of the door crane remote monitoring terminal is designed, and the software function and user interface of the terminal are realized. Firstly, the paper analyzes the application status of crane monitoring system at home and abroad, from the mechanical structure of door crane, electrical system and operation process three aspects of the needs analysis, using the distributed monitoring mode. The structure of the door crane monitoring terminal is proposed, which is composed of four subsystems: data acquisition, central processing, output control and wireless communication. Each subsystem is connected by RS-232 bus. Modbus protocol is adopted as the standard of data communication. Then, according to the different operation subject and function requirement, the paper divides the software function into work mode and administrator mode. After defining the embedded application program and the development tools of GUI, the development environment of embedded Linux is built, including the installation of cross-compiling tools. Bootloader migration, kernel compilation and file system loading; Then, the characteristics of QT development tools are introduced, and the cross-compilation and transplantation of QT are completed. Then, the display interface of two modes of monitoring terminal is designed by using QT Designer, and the display function is realized with QT development tool. Taking weight calculation and amplitude calculation as special cases, the principle and process of data processing module are given, and the function of output control module is realized. Finally, the integration test of the monitoring terminal is done, and the problems found in the testing process are improved, including the use of timer and thread mutex lock to prevent the keyboard from inputting too many errors at one time. The module of adjusting LCD brightness is added to provide more humanized working conditions for gantry operator. In this paper, ARM processor is used as the control core and embedded Linux is used as the operating system. Through 3G wireless network and control center server for remote communication, the terminal has the functions of door crane working state information collection, automatic control and alarm and prompt, which provides a friendly interactive interface for users. At the same time, it can accurately record the workload of drivers and provide the basis for performance management and statistical analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TP368.1

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