本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于ZigBee的無(wú)線嵌入式系統(tǒng)的研究與開發(fā)　出處：《江南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 物聯(lián)網(wǎng) ZigBee 工業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線 時(shí)間同步 精確時(shí)間同步協(xié)議 實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘 低功耗

【摘要】：隨著物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的信息化程度越來(lái)越高,管理者對(duì)生產(chǎn)狀況需要隨時(shí)都能掌握,要求生產(chǎn)裝置的信息化程度更高。目前工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)布線主要通過(guò)RS232、CAN、以太網(wǎng)等傳統(tǒng)有線方式,雖然能夠滿足一定的要求,但是由于生產(chǎn)設(shè)備的升級(jí)越來(lái)越迅速,隨之帶來(lái)的成本越來(lái)越高,將無(wú)線設(shè)備引入工業(yè)領(lǐng)域代替有線通信方式,在降低系統(tǒng)升級(jí)成本和使系統(tǒng)升級(jí)更加靈活方面具有一定的意義。 目前,無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)發(fā)展比較成熟,已經(jīng)成功應(yīng)用于智能交通、智能醫(yī)療以及環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)等行業(yè),國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)于無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)以及物聯(lián)網(wǎng)相關(guān)技術(shù)的研究近幾年才在國(guó)家政策的支持下發(fā)展相對(duì)迅猛。 本文采用美國(guó)德州儀器(TI)公司的CC2530芯片作為主控芯片,并結(jié)合ZigBee無(wú)線技術(shù)、低功耗設(shè)計(jì)、時(shí)間同步技術(shù)、串口通信技術(shù)等,以嵌入式軟硬件協(xié)同設(shè)計(jì)思想設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了一套基于ZigBee通信技術(shù)的嵌入式無(wú)線通信模塊,將該模塊嵌入到現(xiàn)有工業(yè)系統(tǒng)中廣泛使用的控制監(jiān)控設(shè)備PLC、HMI中,整合工業(yè)PC組成無(wú)線工業(yè)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò),實(shí)現(xiàn)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)在工業(yè)行業(yè)的應(yīng)用和推廣。系統(tǒng)的硬件電路以CC2530芯片為核心,采用嵌入式模塊化設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)計(jì)了兩類設(shè)備,分別用于監(jiān)控通信和低功耗路由通信。利用RTC模塊和模擬開關(guān)控制CC2530的電源,來(lái)克服ZigBee路由設(shè)備無(wú)法進(jìn)入休眠的弊端,以達(dá)到降低系統(tǒng)整體功耗的目的。模塊對(duì)外提供常用的RS232和RS485的通信接口,可以與其余工業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備進(jìn)行連接通信。模塊的下位機(jī)軟件在TI的Z-Stack協(xié)議棧的基礎(chǔ)上完成,采用多任務(wù)并行處理機(jī)制,包括協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換、時(shí)間同步協(xié)議服務(wù)、無(wú)線通信、串口通信等任務(wù),各任務(wù)之間通過(guò)設(shè)置事件標(biāo)志進(jìn)行同步。利用MODBUS站號(hào)和ZigBee網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址綁定,形成地址映射表完成兩個(gè)協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)的轉(zhuǎn)換,完成MODBUS網(wǎng)絡(luò)和ZigBee無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的數(shù)據(jù)交互和網(wǎng)關(guān)功能。采用PTP精確時(shí)間同步協(xié)議完成網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間同步,在MAC層添加PTP服務(wù)的響應(yīng),并觸發(fā)讀取硬件時(shí)間戳信息,提高系統(tǒng)節(jié)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間同步精度。經(jīng)測(cè)試表明,本文設(shè)計(jì)的模塊硬件部分的發(fā)射功率達(dá)+2dBm,接收靈敏度達(dá)-98dBm,通信鏈路預(yù)算達(dá)100dBm,實(shí)際可靠通信距離可達(dá)100m,通過(guò)PA擴(kuò)展可達(dá)1000m。低功耗模塊在休眠狀態(tài)實(shí)際工作電流僅為RTC芯片BL5372的400nA,模塊通信速率達(dá)219kbs,通信誤包率在0.1%左右,時(shí)間同步精度達(dá)+50us,且波動(dòng)較小。本文設(shè)計(jì)的基于ZigBee的無(wú)線嵌入式通信模塊經(jīng)過(guò)量產(chǎn)測(cè)試,正式在市場(chǎng)上銷售并成功應(yīng)用于多種工業(yè)監(jiān)控項(xiàng)目,市場(chǎng)反響良好。
[Abstract]:With the development of the Internet of things technology, the level of industrial production information is becoming more and more high, managers need to be able to grasp the production situation at any time. At present, the communication network wiring of industrial production is mainly through RS232 CAN, Ethernet and other traditional wired methods, although it can meet certain requirements. However, due to the rapid upgrading of production equipment, resulting in higher and higher costs, wireless devices will be introduced into the field of industry instead of wired communications. It has a certain significance in reducing the cost of system upgrade and making the system upgrade more flexible. At present, wireless sensor network technology is relatively mature, has been successfully applied in the intelligent transportation, intelligent medicine and environmental monitoring and other industries. Domestic research on wireless sensor networks and Internet of things related technologies has developed rapidly in recent years with the support of national policies. This paper uses the CC2530 chip of Texas Instruments Company as the main control chip, and combines ZigBee wireless technology, low power design, time synchronization technology, serial communication technology and so on. A set of embedded wireless communication module based on ZigBee communication technology is designed and implemented by the idea of embedded hardware and software co-design. The module is embedded into the PLCU HMI, which is widely used in the existing industrial system, and the industrial PC is integrated to form the wireless industrial communication network. The hardware circuit of the system takes CC2530 chip as the core, adopts embedded modularization design, and designs two kinds of equipment. RTC module and analog switch are used to control the power supply of CC2530 to overcome the disadvantage that ZigBee routing equipment can not enter dormancy. In order to reduce the overall power consumption of the system, the module provides common communication interface between RS232 and RS485. The software of the module is completed on the basis of TI's Z-Stack protocol stack, and adopts multi-task parallel processing mechanism, including protocol data conversion. Time synchronization protocol service, wireless communication, serial communication and other tasks, each task by setting event flag synchronization. Using MODBUS station number and ZigBee network address binding. An address mapping table is formed to complete the conversion of two protocol data. Data exchange and gateway function between MODBUS network and ZigBee wireless network are completed. PTP precise time synchronization protocol is used to complete the time synchronization of network nodes. Add the response of PTP service in MAC layer and trigger to read hardware timestamp information to improve the accuracy of time synchronization of system node. In this paper, the transmission power of the hardware part of the module is 2 dBm, the receiving sensitivity is -98 dBm, the communication link budget is 100 dBm, and the actual reliable communication distance is 100 m. The actual operating current of low power module in dormant state is only 400nA of RTC chip BL5372, and the communication rate of the module is 219kbs. The communication packet error rate is about 0.1%, the time synchronization accuracy is 50 us. and the fluctuation is small. The wireless embedded communication module based on ZigBee is tested by mass production. Officially sold in the market and successfully applied to a variety of industrial monitoring projects, the market response is good.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TP368.1

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