本文關(guān)鍵詞：Xen虛擬機(jī)遷移機(jī)制和負(fù)載均衡策略研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：虛擬化技術(shù)能夠在云計(jì)算平臺(tái)中創(chuàng)建多個(gè)虛擬機(jī)作為虛擬操作平臺(tái),滿足多用戶共享平臺(tái)時(shí)隔離執(zhí)行環(huán)境的需求。并且通過(guò)虛擬機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)遷移技術(shù)和虛擬機(jī)負(fù)載均衡策略,可以靈活和動(dòng)態(tài)的管理與調(diào)節(jié)云計(jì)算環(huán)境中的資源,使系統(tǒng)資源得到充分利用。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用過(guò)程中,由于業(yè)務(wù)特性等因素,虛擬機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)遷移過(guò)程中需要傳輸大量?jī)?nèi)存頁(yè)面,造成動(dòng)態(tài)遷移與應(yīng)用程序的性能下降,以及負(fù)載均衡策略實(shí)施效果不佳,影響云計(jì)算平臺(tái)性能。因此,虛擬機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)遷移機(jī)制和負(fù)載均衡策略是當(dāng)前虛擬化技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。 虛擬機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)遷移機(jī)制主要是通過(guò)氣球驅(qū)動(dòng)、數(shù)據(jù)壓縮、Copy on Write以及硬件調(diào)度等技術(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,以減少迭代傳輸過(guò)程中內(nèi)存頁(yè)面的傳輸量,提高動(dòng)態(tài)遷移性能,但是現(xiàn)有技術(shù)沒(méi)有考慮具體業(yè)務(wù)特征,采用單一策略不能滿足不同特征業(yè)務(wù)的需求,尤其是在I/O密集型業(yè)務(wù)環(huán)境中,動(dòng)態(tài)遷移過(guò)程需要傳輸大量?jī)?nèi)存臟頁(yè),占用過(guò)多物理網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬,增加迭代時(shí)間和宕機(jī)時(shí)間,從而影響遷移性能和業(yè)務(wù)運(yùn)行質(zhì)量。負(fù)載均衡方面主要是利用閾值、集中控制和歷史數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)等方法生成負(fù)載均衡策略,在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,由于業(yè)務(wù)多樣性和業(yè)務(wù)量突變的影響,造成適用性與兼容性不強(qiáng),并且缺少數(shù)據(jù)抖動(dòng)的處理以及遷移自身開(kāi)銷(xiāo)對(duì)業(yè)務(wù)影響的考慮。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,本文提出了面向業(yè)務(wù)特征的自適應(yīng)虛擬機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)遷移帶寬分配算法,詳細(xì)分析了虛擬機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)遷移過(guò)程中現(xiàn)有物理帶寬分配方法存在的不足,將業(yè)務(wù)特征和服務(wù)質(zhì)量引入帶寬分配方案,并提出基于復(fù)雜業(yè)務(wù)環(huán)境的負(fù)載均衡策略,以增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)的適用性和魯棒性。本文主要貢獻(xiàn)包括： (1)提出面向業(yè)務(wù)特征的自適應(yīng)虛擬機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)遷移帶寬分配算法。該算法針對(duì)I/O密集型業(yè)務(wù)環(huán)境,通過(guò)分析運(yùn)行業(yè)務(wù)的特征,利用遷移迭代過(guò)程中內(nèi)存臟頁(yè)率,以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)往返時(shí)延RTT方法,預(yù)測(cè)下一時(shí)刻運(yùn)行業(yè)務(wù)的物理網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬使用量,從而自適應(yīng)分配虛擬機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)遷移使用帶寬。在保證遷移性能和系統(tǒng)可靠性的同時(shí),減少迭代時(shí)間和宕機(jī)時(shí)間。 (2)提出了基于復(fù)雜業(yè)務(wù)的動(dòng)態(tài)負(fù)載均衡策略。該策略利用已擴(kuò)展的集群監(jiān)控軟件Ganglia (?)文集和發(fā)送物理節(jié)點(diǎn)和虛擬節(jié)點(diǎn)的性能信息,使用加入權(quán)重值的“Black-box and Gray-box"策略,根據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)特征動(dòng)態(tài)的進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,并動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整過(guò)載次數(shù)的閾值以防止突發(fā)峰值對(duì)負(fù)載均衡效果的影響,然后通過(guò)貪心算法生成負(fù)載均衡策略,以及使用Rainbow虛擬機(jī)管理平臺(tái)執(zhí)行虛擬機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)遷移。同時(shí)利用Ganglia通信機(jī)制取代了Sandpiper架構(gòu)中使用的Twisted通信機(jī)制,增加了整體系統(tǒng)的魯棒性。 (3)實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于Xen虛擬機(jī)的面向業(yè)務(wù)特征的自適應(yīng)虛擬機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)遷移帶寬分配算法,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,本算法能夠在物理帶寬資源有限的前提下,合理利用空閑帶寬資源,減少虛擬機(jī)迭代時(shí)間和宕機(jī)時(shí)間,確保業(yè)務(wù)服務(wù)質(zhì)量。同時(shí),將基于復(fù)雜業(yè)務(wù)環(huán)境的負(fù)載均衡策略部署在運(yùn)行VoIP、Streaming和C-RAN實(shí)際通信業(yè)務(wù)的環(huán)境中,并模擬不同時(shí)段不同業(yè)務(wù)的業(yè)務(wù)量,驗(yàn)證了該策略的適應(yīng)性、可行性以及負(fù)載均衡效果。
[Abstract]:Virtualization technology in cloud computing platform can create multiple virtual machines as virtual operating platform, to meet the multi user sharing platform when isolated execution environment needs. And through the dynamic migration of virtual machines and virtual machine load balancing strategy, flexible and dynamic management and regulation in cloud computing resources, the system resources make full use of it. In the actual application process, due to the factors of business characteristics, transmission of a large number of memory pages to dynamic virtual machine migration process, resulting in decreased performance and dynamic application migration, and the effect of load balancing strategy, influence cloud computing platform performance. Therefore, the dynamic mechanism of virtual machine migration and load balancing strategy research the current hot virtualization technology.
The main dynamic virtual machine migration mechanism is driven by the balloon, data compression, Copy on Write and hardware scheduling technique is optimized to reduce the amount of memory page transmission iteration in the transmission process, improve the dynamic performance of existing technology transfer, but did not consider the specific business characteristics, a single strategy can not meet the different characteristics of the needs of the business, especially in the I/O intensive business environment, dynamic migration process need to transfer large amounts of memory dirty pages, occupying too much physical network bandwidth, increasing the iteration time and downtime, thus affecting the migration performance and operation quality. Load balancing is the use of threshold, centralized predictive control and the historical data generation method of load balancing strategy in practice in the application, due to the impact of diversity of business and business volume caused by mutations, applicability and compatibility is not strong, and the lack of data jitter at And its effect on the business migration overhead into account. According to the above problems, the proposed adaptive bandwidth allocation algorithm for virtual machine migration dynamic business oriented features, a detailed analysis of the shortcomings of the existing physical bandwidth allocation method for dynamic migration of virtual machines in the process of the business characteristics and quality of service into the bandwidth allocation scheme, and proposed load balancing based on the strategy of complex business environment, to enhance the applicability and robustness of the system. The main contributions of this paper include:
(1) the migration of adaptive bandwidth allocation algorithm for virtual machine dynamic business oriented features. The algorithm for the I/O intensive business environment, by analyzing the characteristics of operation, the use of memory dirty pages in the iterative process migration rate and RTT RTT method, the physical network bandwidth prediction next time to run the business use, and adaptive allocation of virtual machine migration using bandwidth. In ensuring the reliability and performance of transfer system at the same time, reduce the iteration time and downtime.
(2) proposed a dynamic load balancing strategy based on complex business. This strategy has been extended by the cluster monitoring software (Ganglia?) performance information collection and transmission of physical nodes and virtual nodes, using weighting value "Black-box and Gray-box" strategy, according to the business characteristic of dynamic data analysis, and dynamic adjustment the number of the threshold to prevent overload on the peak effect of sudden load balancing effect, and then by the greedy algorithm to generate the load balancing strategy, and the use of Rainbow virtual machine management platform to implement the dynamic migration of virtual machines. At the same time using Ganglia communication mechanism to replace the Twisted communication mechanism used in Sandpiper architecture and increase the robustness of the whole system.
(3) the migration of adaptive bandwidth allocation algorithm for virtual machine dynamic business oriented features based on Xen virtual machine, the experimental results show that this algorithm can based on physical bandwidth limited resources, reasonable use of idle bandwidth resources, reduce the iteration time and virtual machine down time, ensure the quality of service. At the same time, the load the complex business environment deployed in operation balancing strategy based on VoIP, Streaming and C-RAN in actual communication business environment, and the simulation of traffic in different periods of different services, this strategy is proved feasible and the adaptability of load balancing effect.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP302

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