本文關(guān)鍵詞：離子液體催化酯化反應(yīng)研究，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

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廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文離子液體催化酯化反應(yīng)研究姓名:周蓓蕾申請學(xué)位級別:碩士專業(yè):化學(xué)工程指導(dǎo)教師:方巖雄;李樹權(quán)20050315摘要摘要在現(xiàn)代化工生產(chǎn)中,絕大多數(shù)化學(xué)反應(yīng)都必須有催化劑的參與,催化劑的合理選擇與應(yīng)用是化工過程最關(guān)鍵的技術(shù)之一,開發(fā)新型的綠色催化劑是當(dāng)今的研究熱點(diǎn)。室溫離子液體是近幾年來才興起的一種液體催化材料,作為揮發(fā)性有機(jī)溶劑的替代物,室溫離子液體正引起廣泛關(guān)注,被廣泛的應(yīng)用于化工的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,通過改變它的陰陽離子可以合成適合某類反應(yīng)的催化劑。本文以離子液體的功能化為出發(fā)點(diǎn),研究了某些Bronsted酸性離子液體在酯化反應(yīng)中的應(yīng)用,同時(shí),設(shè)計(jì)、合成了幾種新型的離子液體:N一***咪唑硫酸鹽、N一***咪唑磷酸鹽、N一***咪唑***硼酸鹽、N一***一2一吡咯烷***硫酸鹽、N一***一2~吡咯烷***磷酸鹽、N一***一2一毗咯烷******硼酸鹽,并對其進(jìn)行了某些性質(zhì)的測定,發(fā)現(xiàn)1一***一3一毗咯烷***硫酸鹽[Hnmp]ftSO;密度為1.40559/cm3,水溶性,粘度為2.451Pa.S(25℃)。我們以乙酸正丁酯的酯化反應(yīng)為模型反應(yīng),首先對合成的十種離子液體進(jìn)行了催化劑活性的考察,發(fā)現(xiàn)離子液體[Hnmp]HSO。具有較好的催化活性,其活性與硫酸不相上下,但其腐蝕性則遠(yuǎn)低于硫酸;之后又分別對酯化反應(yīng)的反應(yīng)時(shí)間、溫度、催化劑用量進(jìn)行了單因素考察,找到了影響反應(yīng)的三個(gè)主要因素是反應(yīng)時(shí)間,反應(yīng)溫度和催化劑用量。并對它們進(jìn)行了正交實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明反應(yīng)時(shí)間3h,回流的反應(yīng)溫度下,催化劑用量0.5%(mol%)反應(yīng)產(chǎn)率最高。還對催化劑的重復(fù)催化能力進(jìn)行了考察,發(fā)現(xiàn)它具有較高的重復(fù)使用率,使用6次以后其酯化反應(yīng)收率沒有降低。最后為了進(jìn)一步發(fā)掘催化劑的催化活性,我們又進(jìn)行了乙醇,丙醇,苯甲醇,正庚醇,正辛醇,環(huán)己醇與乙酸的酯化反應(yīng)的考察,發(fā)現(xiàn)了它對直鏈醇酸酯化反應(yīng)也有同樣的催化作用。在對乙醇與乙酸的酯化反應(yīng)單因素考察實(shí)驗(yàn)中,乙酸乙酯合成的較佳反應(yīng)條件是催化劑的用量為0.5%,在回流的溫度下,反應(yīng)30min;此時(shí)乙酸的轉(zhuǎn)化率為61.46%。關(guān)鍵詞:環(huán)境友好;室溫離子液體:酸性催化劑;酯化反應(yīng);乙酸正丁酯廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)T程碩十學(xué)位論義AbstractInmodernchemicalengineeringmanufactuFe,mostofchemicalreactionsneedeatalyst.Catalystchoiceandapplicationsarethekeytechniquesintheehemicalengineeringprocess.DevelopingnewgreencatalystiSaheatresearChareai'IOW.RoomtemperatureioniCliquidiSakindof1iquidcatalystmaterialthatappearsjustinthelastfewyears.anicsolvents,roomtemperatureionicliquidsareattractingmoreSCientistS’attention.Themainadvantageoftheionicliquid1iesingreenenvironmentandtheplastiCityofthestructure.Wecanchangeitscationandaniontosynthesizespecialcatalystforcertainreaction.InthiSpaper.westudytheapplicationsofsomeBr中nstedaCidicioniCliquidinesterificationreactionstartfromthefunctionofioniCliquid.Somenewionicliquids,[Hmim]HS04,[Hmim]:S04,[Hmim]H2PO。,[Hmim]。P04,[Hnmp]HSOd,[Hnmp]H2POt,[Hnmp]BF4,[Hmim]BF4,aresynthesizedandsomeoftheirpropertiesaremeasured.[Hnmp]HS04iSwater—solubility,densityi.40559/L,viscidity2.451Pa.S(25。C).Takingtheesterificationreaction0fn—butylaCetateaSmodelreaction,westudiedthecatalystactivityofthe10ionicliquidswhichweresynthesizedfirsttimebyUS,andfindthatthecatalystactivityof[Hnmp]HS04iSverygood,evenbetterthanthatof吼S04.Thenweinvestigatethereactiontemperature,timeandcatalystquantity0feSterificationreaction.Wefindthatthemainfactorswhichinfluencethereactionaretemperature,timeandcatalystquantity.Theorthogonalexperimentweredone,theresultshowsthattheproducingrateofreactionisthehighestwhenreactiontimeiS3h,temperatureiS96。CandcatalystquantityiS0.5%(mol%).Wealsostudiedtherecycleabilityofcatalystandfindoutthatitscatalyticactivityisconstantafterused6times.Atlast,inordertostudythecatalystactivityofthesecatalystIIfurther.weresearchtheesterificationofethanol,1一propanol,benzalcohol,n—heptanol,1一octano],cyclohexanolwithacetiCacid,andfindthatitiSeffectivetostraightchainalCoh01esterification.IntheSinglefactorexperimentofethylacetatesynthesiS,theconversionrateoftheacetieacidiS61.46%underthebetterreactiOneondition:0.j%(m01)ofthecatalyst,atthetemperatureofthereflux,andreactionfor30mjniitesKeywords:enviro

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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：離子液體催化酯化反應(yīng)研究，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。