電鍍場地土壤重金屬元素Cr、Zn、Cu形態(tài)分析及土壤修復(fù)
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-26 07:54
【摘要】：根據(jù)重金屬的毒性及污染嚴(yán)重程度,將重金屬防控對象分為2類,第一類重金屬防控對象是以鉛、汞、鎘、鉻和類金屬砷等污染嚴(yán)重的重金屬元素為主;第二類防控對象是鉈、錳、鎳、鋅、銅等,這也是環(huán)保部在《重金屬污染綜合防治"十二五"規(guī)劃》中明確規(guī)定的防控原則。目前國家環(huán)保管理部門對重金屬污染排放實(shí)行嚴(yán)格的總量控制制度,并把這些污染區(qū)域分為重點(diǎn)區(qū)域和非重點(diǎn)區(qū)域。重金屬土壤污染不僅影響著生態(tài)環(huán)境,而且對其他環(huán)境的安全也會造成嚴(yán)重的影響。在我國隨著城市人口的增加及規(guī)模的擴(kuò)建,新的城市區(qū)域規(guī)劃要求人口密集的城區(qū)內(nèi)的重污染企業(yè)要退城進(jìn)園,搬遷后的廠區(qū)必須進(jìn)行環(huán)境影響評估,對于已污染的廠區(qū)土壤必須進(jìn)行治理修復(fù)方可作為城市用地新用途的使用,因此退城進(jìn)園及企業(yè)搬遷后的污染場區(qū)土壤的修復(fù)工作就顯得尤為重要;土壤中的重金屬污染防治和土壤修復(fù)的工作已成為當(dāng)今環(huán)境保護(hù)工作者的重大研究內(nèi)容。本文以搬遷后的電鍍企業(yè)重金屬污染場地作為土壤修復(fù)的研究對象,為了規(guī)范發(fā)展電鍍行業(yè)排放的污染物對環(huán)境的污染,進(jìn)一步整合各種資源,發(fā)揮電鍍行業(yè)集中建設(shè),控制規(guī)模優(yōu)勢和輻射帶動效應(yīng),保障電鍍行業(yè)健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展,山東省某高壓開關(guān)有限公司電鍍生產(chǎn)線需整體搬遷,根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)爻鞘幸?guī)劃及環(huán)保要求,該企業(yè)現(xiàn)已遷往規(guī)劃后的化工工業(yè)園,原址場污染土壤需要進(jìn)行治理修復(fù),原廠址的污染土壤需要進(jìn)行修復(fù),修復(fù)面積約為7452m2。該企業(yè)搬遷前以生產(chǎn)各種類型的電器元件為產(chǎn)品,生產(chǎn)工藝需要大量的電鍍環(huán)節(jié),電鍍元件涉及到的重金屬為鉻、銅、鋅;搬遷后規(guī)劃的該場地用途為商業(yè)用地,污染場地修復(fù)目標(biāo)主要采用《土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB15618—1995)三級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值。通過對原廠區(qū)土壤取樣測定,測定結(jié)果顯示污染場地土壤樣品中六價鉻最大濃度達(dá)到41.7mg/kg,總鉻最大濃度達(dá)到4150mg/kg,Cu的最大濃度達(dá)2220mg/kg,Zn最大濃度達(dá)5020mg/kg,遠(yuǎn)超《土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB15618—1995)三級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限值。歐美日等發(fā)達(dá)國家已把固化穩(wěn)定化處置技術(shù)(S/S法)作為一種常用的修復(fù)技術(shù),用于處理有毒有害固體廢物,目前我國用于重金屬污染土壤修復(fù)的方法更多的是固化-穩(wěn)定化處理技術(shù),特別是對于重度的重金屬污染土壤的修復(fù)。為徹底解決企業(yè)搬遷后遺留場地的土壤污染問題,經(jīng)過多方案分析比較,采用了固化-穩(wěn)定化技術(shù)對該企業(yè)搬遷后的電鍍污染場地土壤進(jìn)行修復(fù)。經(jīng)處理后的土壤監(jiān)測結(jié)果可達(dá)到滿意的結(jié)果,為今后電鍍行業(yè)污染場地的土壤修復(fù)提供了可借鑒的方法,具有可參考的實(shí)際價值。
[Abstract]:According to the toxicity of heavy metals and the severity of pollution, the heavy metal prevention and control objects are divided into two categories. The first kind of heavy metal prevention and control objects are heavy metal elements such as lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium and metalloid arsenic. The second kind of prevention and control objects are thallium, manganese, nickel, zinc, copper and so on. This is also the principle of prevention and control stipulated by the Ministry of Environmental Protection in the 12th Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of heavy Metal pollution. At present, the State Environmental Protection Administration implements a strict total amount control system for heavy metal pollution emissions, and divides these polluted areas into key areas and non-key areas. Heavy metal soil pollution not only affects the ecological environment, but also has a serious impact on the safety of other environments. With the increase of urban population and the expansion of urban scale in our country, the new urban area planning requires the heavily polluted enterprises in the densely populated urban area to withdraw from the city and enter the park, and the factory area after relocation must carry out environmental impact assessment. The contaminated soil must be remedied before it can be used as the new use of urban land, so it is particularly important to restore the soil in the polluted site after the removal of the city and the relocation of the enterprise. The prevention and treatment of heavy metal pollution and soil remediation in soil has become an important research content of environmental protection workers. In this paper, heavy metal contaminated sites of electroplating enterprises after relocation are taken as the research object of soil remediation. In order to standardize the pollution caused by pollutants discharged from electroplating industry, further integrate all kinds of resources and give full play to the concentrated construction of electroplating industry. To control the advantages of scale and radiation, to ensure the healthy and stable development of electroplating industry, the electroplating production line of a certain high voltage switch company in Shandong Province should be relocated as a whole, according to the local urban planning and environmental protection requirements, The plant has now moved to the planned chemical industrial park. The contaminated soil of the original site needs to be remedied, and the contaminated soil of the original site needs to be repaired, with an area of about 7452 m2. Before the relocation of the enterprise to produce various types of electrical components as products, the production process needs a large number of electroplating links, electroplating elements involved in heavy metals chromium, copper, zinc; The site was planned for commercial use after relocation. The main target of remediation of contaminated site was the third grade standard value of soil Environmental quality Standard (GB15618-1995). The results showed that the maximum concentration of hexavalent chromium in contaminated soil was 41.7 mg / kg, the maximum concentration of total chromium was 4150 mg / kg Cu, the maximum concentration of zinc was 2220 mg / kg ~ (-1) mg 路kg ~ (-1), the maximum concentration of Cr ~ (6 +) was 5020 mg / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1), the maximum concentration of Cr ~ (6 +) was 41.7 mg / kg ~ (-1). It far exceeds the third grade limit of soil Environmental quality Standard (GB15618-1995). Developed countries, such as Europe, America and Japan, have used the solidified and stabilized disposal technology (S / S process) as a commonly used restoration technology for the treatment of toxic and harmful solid wastes. At present, the remediation methods of heavy metal contaminated soils in China are more solidified and stabilized, especially for heavy metal contaminated soils. In order to thoroughly solve the problem of soil pollution of the site left behind after the relocation of the enterprise, through the analysis and comparison of many schemes, the soil of electroplating contaminated site after the relocation of the enterprise was remedied by using solidification-stabilization technology. The results of soil monitoring after treatment can reach satisfactory results, which provides a reference method for soil remediation of contaminated sites in electroplating industry in the future, and has practical value for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X53;X781.1
本文編號：2357865
[Abstract]:According to the toxicity of heavy metals and the severity of pollution, the heavy metal prevention and control objects are divided into two categories. The first kind of heavy metal prevention and control objects are heavy metal elements such as lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium and metalloid arsenic. The second kind of prevention and control objects are thallium, manganese, nickel, zinc, copper and so on. This is also the principle of prevention and control stipulated by the Ministry of Environmental Protection in the 12th Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of heavy Metal pollution. At present, the State Environmental Protection Administration implements a strict total amount control system for heavy metal pollution emissions, and divides these polluted areas into key areas and non-key areas. Heavy metal soil pollution not only affects the ecological environment, but also has a serious impact on the safety of other environments. With the increase of urban population and the expansion of urban scale in our country, the new urban area planning requires the heavily polluted enterprises in the densely populated urban area to withdraw from the city and enter the park, and the factory area after relocation must carry out environmental impact assessment. The contaminated soil must be remedied before it can be used as the new use of urban land, so it is particularly important to restore the soil in the polluted site after the removal of the city and the relocation of the enterprise. The prevention and treatment of heavy metal pollution and soil remediation in soil has become an important research content of environmental protection workers. In this paper, heavy metal contaminated sites of electroplating enterprises after relocation are taken as the research object of soil remediation. In order to standardize the pollution caused by pollutants discharged from electroplating industry, further integrate all kinds of resources and give full play to the concentrated construction of electroplating industry. To control the advantages of scale and radiation, to ensure the healthy and stable development of electroplating industry, the electroplating production line of a certain high voltage switch company in Shandong Province should be relocated as a whole, according to the local urban planning and environmental protection requirements, The plant has now moved to the planned chemical industrial park. The contaminated soil of the original site needs to be remedied, and the contaminated soil of the original site needs to be repaired, with an area of about 7452 m2. Before the relocation of the enterprise to produce various types of electrical components as products, the production process needs a large number of electroplating links, electroplating elements involved in heavy metals chromium, copper, zinc; The site was planned for commercial use after relocation. The main target of remediation of contaminated site was the third grade standard value of soil Environmental quality Standard (GB15618-1995). The results showed that the maximum concentration of hexavalent chromium in contaminated soil was 41.7 mg / kg, the maximum concentration of total chromium was 4150 mg / kg Cu, the maximum concentration of zinc was 2220 mg / kg ~ (-1) mg 路kg ~ (-1), the maximum concentration of Cr ~ (6 +) was 5020 mg / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1), the maximum concentration of Cr ~ (6 +) was 41.7 mg / kg ~ (-1). It far exceeds the third grade limit of soil Environmental quality Standard (GB15618-1995). Developed countries, such as Europe, America and Japan, have used the solidified and stabilized disposal technology (S / S process) as a commonly used restoration technology for the treatment of toxic and harmful solid wastes. At present, the remediation methods of heavy metal contaminated soils in China are more solidified and stabilized, especially for heavy metal contaminated soils. In order to thoroughly solve the problem of soil pollution of the site left behind after the relocation of the enterprise, through the analysis and comparison of many schemes, the soil of electroplating contaminated site after the relocation of the enterprise was remedied by using solidification-stabilization technology. The results of soil monitoring after treatment can reach satisfactory results, which provides a reference method for soil remediation of contaminated sites in electroplating industry in the future, and has practical value for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X53;X781.1
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