【摘要】：能源是人類(lèi)最基本的生產(chǎn)要素之一,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,能源消費(fèi)也在不斷增長(zhǎng),整個(gè)社會(huì)對(duì)于能源的依賴(lài)程度也越來(lái)越大；另一方面,由于大量使用化石燃料而產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題日益突出。采用第二類(lèi)吸收式熱泵將中低溫的廢熱提高到較高品位,在工業(yè)余熱回收與提高能源利用率方面發(fā)揮著重要的作用,受到國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。目前,已經(jīng)工業(yè)化的熱泵工質(zhì)主要為L(zhǎng)iBr-H2O工質(zhì)對(duì),但對(duì)高溫下LiBr溶液的基礎(chǔ)熱物性如導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)、比熱容等的研究較少,直接影響了高溫?zé)岜玫睦碚撗芯亢蛻?yīng)用范圍。因此研究LiBr水溶液的高溫?zé)嵛镄跃哂兄匾獙W(xué)術(shù)意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。瞬態(tài)熱線法是目前公認(rèn)的測(cè)量導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)最準(zhǔn)確的方法之一,本文在分析傳統(tǒng)瞬態(tài)熱線法的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)其無(wú)法測(cè)量導(dǎo)電性溶液的缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),以充滿汞的石英玻璃毛細(xì)管作為熱線,新建了瞬態(tài)熱線法測(cè)量液體導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)的裝置,并測(cè)量了溴化鋰溶液在2MPa壓力、150-250℃、質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)45%-65%下的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù),實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與文獻(xiàn)的最大相對(duì)偏差為2.97%�；诮^熱量熱法新建了溶液比熱容的測(cè)量裝置,測(cè)量了溴化鋰溶液的比熱容,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與文獻(xiàn)的最大相對(duì)偏差為2.72%。分析了溴化鋰溶液導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)和比熱容隨溫度、組成的變化情況,并對(duì)其導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)和比熱容與溫度、組成的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了擬合,得出了高低溫通用的經(jīng)驗(yàn)關(guān)聯(lián)式,擬合最大偏差分別為0.35%、1.40%,相對(duì)平均偏差分別為0.13%、0.33%。根據(jù)電解質(zhì)溶液理論,建立了溴化鋰溶液的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)和比熱容的模型,模型結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)值吻合的較好,最大偏差分別為1.11%和4.93%。
[Abstract]:Energy is one of the most basic factors of human production, with the economic development, energy consumption is also growing, the whole society is more and more dependent on energy; On the other hand, environmental pollution caused by the extensive use of fossil fuels is becoming increasingly prominent. The second kind of absorption heat pump is used to improve the waste heat of middle and low temperature to a higher grade, which plays an important role in industrial waste heat recovery and energy utilization, and has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. At present, the working fluid of heat pump is mainly LiBr-H2O pair, but the basic thermal properties of LiBr solution at high temperature, such as heat conductivity and specific heat capacity, are less studied, which directly affects the theoretical research and application scope of high temperature heat pump. Therefore, it is of great academic significance and practical value to study the high temperature thermal properties of LiBr aqueous solution. The transient hot-wire method is one of the most accurate methods for measuring thermal conductivity. Based on the analysis of the traditional transient hot-wire method, the shortcomings of its inability to measure the conductivity solution are improved in this paper. A new apparatus for measuring the thermal conductivity of liquid by transient hot-wire method was built with a silica glass capillary filled with mercury. The thermal conductivity of lithium bromide solution was measured at 2MPa pressure, 150 ~ 250 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2338221