【摘要】：氫能是一種較為理想的高效、清潔的能源,而燃料電池(Fuel Cell)技術(shù)又是一種高效利用氫能的技術(shù),其將化學(xué)能直接轉(zhuǎn)換為電能,具有很大的應(yīng)用前景,但氫氣原料儲(chǔ)存、運(yùn)輸難的問題限制了其發(fā)展。近期產(chǎn)生了多種現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫方法以解決這一問題,其中較為有效的一種就是重整制氫,而甲醇水蒸氣重整又是其中研究最為廣泛的一種。目前已有一些關(guān)于甲醇水蒸氣重整的產(chǎn)品,但所一般多為軍用,尺寸較大,成本也很高,小尺寸、便攜式的較少。且目前關(guān)于甲醇水蒸氣重整的研究中,有關(guān)重整催化劑或理論模型分析的比較多,關(guān)于結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的較少。而重整器的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)其性能的影響是決定性的,因此有必要對(duì)此部分進(jìn)行研究。本文則著手小尺寸的甲醇水蒸氣重整器研究,分析研究了國(guó)內(nèi)外甲醇水蒸氣重整技術(shù)的發(fā)展情況、重整催化劑、重整器模型及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的研究情況。采用有限元方法建立了小尺寸甲醇水蒸氣重整器的模型,對(duì)比分析了多種重整器結(jié)構(gòu),主要關(guān)注甲醇水蒸氣重整反應(yīng)的在其中的進(jìn)行情況,以提高甲醇轉(zhuǎn)化率、提高氫氣選擇性、降低CO等副產(chǎn)物的產(chǎn)生量等為目標(biāo),優(yōu)化了重整器結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)。制作了模型分析中重整性能較好的重整器,并通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)其實(shí)際性能進(jìn)行測(cè)試。最終得到的重整器在240℃條件下,進(jìn)料流速小于0.6ml/min時(shí),甲醇轉(zhuǎn)化率接近100%,進(jìn)料流速達(dá)0.8ml/min時(shí),仍能保持較高的甲醇轉(zhuǎn)化率,最大氫氣產(chǎn)生速率超過784ml/min。最后,將所制重整器連接由11節(jié)高溫質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池構(gòu)成的電堆,讓所制重整器為電堆供氫,測(cè)試重整器實(shí)際應(yīng)用工作性能。將電堆連接電阻負(fù)載,測(cè)得使用所設(shè)計(jì)重整器供氫的電堆可輸出3A以上的電流,系統(tǒng)的最大輸出功率可達(dá)21.87W。
[Abstract]:Hydrogen energy is a kind of ideal high efficiency and clean energy, and (Fuel Cell) technology of fuel cell is a kind of high efficiency utilization technology of hydrogen energy, which converts chemical energy directly into electric energy, and has great application prospect, but hydrogen raw material is stored. The difficulty of transportation limits its development. Recently, a variety of in-situ hydrogen production methods have been produced to solve this problem. One of the more effective is reforming hydrogen production, and methanol steam reforming is one of the most widely studied. At present, there are some methanol steam reforming products, but most of them are military, large size, high cost, small size, less portable. In the current research on methanol steam reforming, there are more reforming catalysts or theoretical models, but less about structural design. The influence of the structure of the reformer on its performance is decisive, so it is necessary to study this part. The development of methanol steam reforming technology, reforming catalyst, reforming model and structure design of methanol steam reforming are analyzed and studied in this paper. The model of small size methanol steam reforming was established by using finite element method, and the structure of many kinds of reformer was compared and analyzed. The main attention was paid to the process of methanol steam reforming in order to improve the conversion rate of methanol. To improve hydrogen selectivity and reduce the production of by-products such as CO, the structure design of the reformer was optimized. The reformer with good reforming performance in model analysis is made and its actual performance is tested by experiment. At 240 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2327117