發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-08 12:57

【摘要】：灌注型防火玻璃憑借其優(yōu)異的耐火隔熱性能受到人們?cè)絹碓蕉嗟年P(guān)注。傳統(tǒng)的灌注型防火玻璃其夾層膠主要為聚丙烯酰胺基,但由于聚丙烯酰胺為有機(jī)聚合物,其耐紫外線性能和耐火性能較差。本實(shí)驗(yàn)選用硅溶膠(Silica sol)來替代聚丙烯酰胺而獲得性能優(yōu)異的多聚硅酸鉀基灌注型防火玻璃。硅溶膠在使用過程中易團(tuán)聚,本實(shí)驗(yàn)首先選用一種表面活性劑來分散硅溶膠,獲得分散性能優(yōu)良的硅溶膠,然后利用正交實(shí)驗(yàn)得到優(yōu)化的配方以及固化工藝條件。最后選取高效的耐火隔熱助劑旨在提高防火玻璃的耐火隔熱性能,最終得到耐火性能優(yōu)良的多聚硅酸鉀基灌注型防火玻璃。本實(shí)驗(yàn)選取硅酸鈉(Na_2SiO_3)、十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(SDBS)、水溶性硅油(SM-601)分別改善硅溶膠的分散性,并通過粒徑測(cè)試、Zeta電位和離心實(shí)驗(yàn)來選取效果最佳的分散劑,通過透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)表征其分散狀態(tài);然后將分散液用KOH溶液固化,利用正交實(shí)驗(yàn)得到最佳的固化配方和工藝條件,利用可見光透反射率測(cè)試儀、耐輻照箱和改裝馬弗爐測(cè)試防火玻璃綜合性能,并通過熱重分析儀(TG)、差示掃描量熱儀(DSC)和掃描電鏡(SEM)對(duì)夾層膠熱力學(xué)行為和形貌進(jìn)行分析和觀察。結(jié)果表明:(1)SM-601的分散效果最佳,Silica sol-SM的粒徑為53.6nm,其Zeta電位達(dá)到93mV,離心20min后無(wú)明顯分層現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn),其分散狀態(tài)良好,團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象得到明顯改善;(2)通過實(shí)驗(yàn)得出硅溶膠的膠凝時(shí)間以及透光率受KOH濃度、分散劑濃度和固化溫度共同影響,通過設(shè)計(jì)正交實(shí)驗(yàn),得出80℃為硅溶膠最佳固化溫度,水溶性硅油含量在3%最宜,SiO_2與KOH的摩爾含量比例在1.8~2.2范圍內(nèi)硅溶膠凝膠條件最佳;(3)當(dāng)SiO_2與KOH的摩爾分?jǐn)?shù)比為2:1時(shí),防火玻璃的透光率達(dá)到86.6%,紫外線照射后透光率變化為5.8%,且防火玻璃氣泡較少。通過耐火性測(cè)試,在本實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,當(dāng)以生成的多聚硅酸鉀基凝膠作夾層時(shí),耐火時(shí)間約為50min,而夾層膠組分為聚丙烯酰胺基時(shí),試樣耐火時(shí)間約為20min;殘?jiān)奈⒂^形貌表明多聚硅酸鉀基凝膠遇火時(shí)膨脹并形成多孔的結(jié)構(gòu),并且伴隨的吸熱降溫能保證多聚硅酸鉀基凝膠遇火時(shí)起一個(gè)良好的熱力學(xué)屏障作用。(4)硼砂的加入能夠提高多聚硅酸鉀基灌注型防火玻璃的耐火性,并且隨著硼砂含量增加,防火玻璃耐火性升高,在本實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,當(dāng)硼砂的添加量為0.45%時(shí),相應(yīng)的耐火時(shí)間可以達(dá)到72min,因而硼砂能夠促進(jìn)多聚硅酸鹽分子之間的交聯(lián),從而提高防火玻璃的耐火性能。
[Abstract]:The cast-in-place fire-proof glass has attracted more and more attention because of its excellent fire-resistant and thermal insulation properties. The interlayer adhesive of traditional fireproof glass is mainly polyacrylamide group, but the UV resistance and fire resistance of polyacrylamide are poor because polyacrylamide is an organic polymer. In this experiment, silica sol (Silica sol) was used to replace polyacrylamide to obtain poly-potassium silicate perfusion glass. The silica sol is easy to agglomerate in the process of use. In this experiment, a surfactant was first used to disperse the silica sol to obtain the silica sol with good dispersion performance, and then the optimized formula and curing process conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment. Finally, the high efficiency fire insulation additive is selected to improve the fire insulation performance of fire proof glass, and finally the fire resistant glass based on poly-potassium silicate is obtained. In this experiment, sodium silicate (Na_2SiO_3) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS),) water-soluble silicone oil (SM-601) were selected to improve the dispersion of silica sol, and the best dispersant was selected by particle size test and centrifugation test. The dispersion state was characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) (TEM), then the dispersion was solidified by KOH solution, the optimum curing formula and process conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment, and the visible light transmittance reflectance tester was used. The comprehensive properties of fire-proof glass were tested in irradiating box and modified muffle furnace. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG),) differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to analyze and observe the thermodynamic behavior and morphology of sandwich adhesive. The results showed that: (1) the best dispersing effect of SM-601 was 53.6 nm, and its Zeta potential was 93 MV. There was no obvious delamination after centrifugation of 20min, and the dispersion state was good. (2) the gelation time and transmittance of silica sol were influenced by KOH concentration, dispersant concentration and curing temperature. By designing orthogonal experiment, the optimum curing temperature of silica sol was obtained at 80 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2230591