【摘要】：在冶金、醫(yī)藥等許多工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中萃取槽的結(jié)構(gòu)不斷得到改進(jìn),繼簡(jiǎn)單箱式混合澄清器以后出現(xiàn)了EC-D型萃取槽、雙混合室萃取槽和雙攪拌澄清萃取槽等具有較高混合效率和澄清效率的萃取槽。但是,國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)萃取槽結(jié)構(gòu)的研究多集中在對(duì)混合室和澄清室的優(yōu)化,對(duì)前室的研究非常少。前室是位于混合室正下方的長方體空腔,對(duì)進(jìn)入混合室的物料起到緩沖作用,同時(shí)能夠增加重相和輕相的接觸時(shí)間,提高混合效率。本文利用FLUENT軟件模擬分析不同前室結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)攪拌槳抽吸力,混合室內(nèi)兩相混合速率和混合效率的影響。所做的工作如下:以四種前室結(jié)構(gòu)下的萃取槽混合室為研究對(duì)象,模擬料液和P507在不斷流入和流出混合室的條件下的攪拌混合過程,以攪拌槳抽吸力、混合速率和單位體積混合能為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),求解四種前室結(jié)構(gòu)的混合室內(nèi)部速度場(chǎng)、壓力場(chǎng)和濃度場(chǎng),分析前室結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)混合過程的影響。隔板式混合室混合效果最差,攪拌槳的抽吸力最小,物料被抽入混合室的速度最小;管式混合室混合速率最大,單位體積混合能最小,攪拌槳的抽吸力最大,混合效果最好;無隔板式混合室混合效果次之�；旌闲Ч洼腿〔鄹脑斐杀揪C合考慮,企業(yè)將隔板式萃取槽改為無隔板式萃取槽,取得了較好的試驗(yàn)效果。但是試驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn):攪拌槳插入深度過低,使前室內(nèi)物料隨攪拌槳旋轉(zhuǎn),不利于物料的抽吸;重相入口壓力較大時(shí)水會(huì)反串入有機(jī)相管道;通過90°彎管連接的兩級(jí)萃取槽內(nèi)被抽吸的物料流量非常小。本文針對(duì)所發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題對(duì)無隔板式萃取槽進(jìn)一步改進(jìn),通過數(shù)值模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)合的方法確定攪拌槳的最佳插入深度、兩級(jí)管路連接類型改為橢圓管。管式萃取槽由于目前企業(yè)改造成本的原因沒有選用,研究表明它仍然是萃取槽前室的最佳結(jié)構(gòu),本文進(jìn)一步對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸進(jìn)行選優(yōu)。以抽吸力和攪拌功率為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),求解兩相物料混合的速度場(chǎng),得出攪拌槳的最佳插入深度、抽吸孔徑值和攪拌轉(zhuǎn)速,使攪拌槳功率損耗較低的同時(shí)抽吸力最大。
[Abstract]:In many industrial fields such as metallurgy, medicine and so on, the structure of the extraction tank has been continuously improved. After the simple box type mixing clarifier, the EC-D type extraction tank has appeared. The double mixing chamber extraction tank and the double mixing clarifier extraction tank have higher mixing efficiency and clarification efficiency. However, most of the researches on the structure of the extraction tank are focused on the optimization of the mixing chamber and the clarification chamber, and the research on the front chamber is very little. The front chamber is a cuboid cavity located directly below the mixing chamber, which can buffer the materials entering the mixing chamber, increase the contact time between the heavy phase and the light phase, and improve the mixing efficiency. In this paper, the effects of different front chamber structures on suction force, mixing rate and mixing efficiency of impeller were simulated by FLUENT software. The work is as follows: taking the mixing chamber of extraction tank under four kinds of front chamber structure as the research object, the mixing process of feed liquid and P507 in and out of the mixing chamber is simulated, and the suction force of the impeller is obtained. The mixing rate and unit volume mixing energy are used as evaluation indexes to solve the velocity field, pressure field and concentration field in the mixing chamber of four front chamber structures, and to analyze the influence of the front chamber structure on the mixing process. The mixing effect of the compartmentalized mixing chamber is the worst, the suction force of the impeller is the least, the speed of the material being pulled into the mixing chamber is the smallest, the mixing rate of the tubular mixing chamber is the largest, the mixing energy per unit volume is the smallest, the suction force of the impeller is the largest, and the mixing effect is the best. The mixing effect of the non-diaphragm mixing chamber was the second. Considering the mixing effect and the innovation cost of the extraction tank, the enterprise changed the partition type extraction tank into the non-partition type extraction tank, and obtained better test results. However, it is found in the test that the impeller insertion depth is too low, so that the material in front room rotates with the impeller, which is not conducive to the suction of the material, and the water will appear in the organic phase pipeline when the inlet pressure of the heavy phase is high. The material flow in the two-stage extraction tank connected by 90 擄bends is very small. In this paper, the optimum insertion depth of impeller is determined by numerical simulation and experiment, and the connection type of two-stage pipe is changed to elliptical tube. The tubular extraction tank is still the best structure for the front chamber of the extraction tank because of the reason of the cost of the enterprise transformation at present. This paper further optimizes the structure size of the chamber. With the suction force and stirring power as the evaluation index, the velocity field of the mixing of two phase materials is solved, and the optimum insertion depth, suction aperture value and stirring speed of the impeller are obtained, which results in the maximum suction force at the same time when the power loss of the impeller is low.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ051.83

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