【摘要】：這篇論文通過恒電流電沉積的方法,分別在氯鉑酸和鹽酸的水溶液、硫酸鎳和硼酸的水溶液中電沉積金屬鉑膜和金屬鎳膜,討論了超重力系數(shù)、電流密度、電沉積時間等對金屬鍍層表面形貌、晶體的結(jié)構(gòu)和尺寸的影響。電沉積鉑的實驗結(jié)果表明,在常重力條件下,鉑鍍層枝狀生長,加入超重力后鍍層變?yōu)楣饣秸钠矫?隨著超重力系數(shù)的增大,電沉積得到的鍍層顆粒減小,這說明超重力可以加強鉑的電沉積傳質(zhì)過程；隨著電流密度的增加,鍍層顆粒先變小,后變大,在超重力系數(shù)G=50和G=100時,鍍層晶粒分別在電流密度3mA/cm和4mA/cm2時達到最�。浑S著電沉積時間的增加,鍍層的顆粒變小,鍍層表面更加均勻、平整、致密；加入鹽酸有利于得到表面更加平整、致密的鉑膜。電沉積鎳的實驗結(jié)果表明,超重力系數(shù)的增加使鍍層表面更加趨于平整、致密和細化,并且在加入超重立場后,鍍層的優(yōu)勢晶面發(fā)生變化,說明超重力場可以改變鍍層的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)；在電流密度較低時,鍍層表面為光滑平面,且隨著電流密度的增加,鍍層表面變得更加致密,當電流密度超過5mA/cm2以后,表面開始出現(xiàn)顆粒狀結(jié)構(gòu),且顆粒的大小隨著電流密度的增加而增加,鍍層變?yōu)橐?111)面為優(yōu)勢晶面的鎳膜,說明電流密度可以改變電沉積鎳鍍層的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)；不含硼酸的電解液無法電沉積得到鎳的鍍層,可見硼酸對電沉積鎳膜有非常重要的作用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, platinum film and nickel film were electrodeposited in aqueous solution of chloroplatinic acid and hydrochloric acid, nickel sulfate and boric acid by means of constant current electrodeposition. The supergravity coefficient and current density were discussed. The effect of electrodeposition time on the surface morphology, crystal structure and size of the metal coating. The experimental results of electrodeposition of platinum show that under constant gravity conditions, the dendritic growth of platinum coating becomes a smooth and flat plane with the addition of hypergravity, and with the increase of the supergravity coefficient, the particles obtained by electrodeposition decrease. The results show that supergravity can enhance the mass transfer process of platinum electrodeposition, and with the increase of current density, the coating particles first become smaller, then become larger, and when the supergravity coefficient G ~ (50) and G = 100, the coating grain reaches the minimum at current density 3mA/cm and 4mA/cm2, respectively. With the increase of electrodeposition time, the particles of the coating become smaller, the surface of the coating is more uniform, smooth and dense, and the addition of hydrochloric acid is conducive to the formation of a more smooth and dense platinum film. The experimental results of electrodeposition nickel show that with the increase of the supergravity coefficient, the surface of the coating tends to be more flat, compact and refined, and the dominant crystal surface of the coating changes after the overweight position is added. The results show that the crystal structure of the coating can be changed by super gravity field, the surface of the coating is smooth plane when the current density is low, and the coating surface becomes denser with the increase of current density, and when the current density exceeds 5mA/cm2, the coating surface becomes more compact. The grain structure began to appear on the surface and the particle size increased with the increase of the current density. The coating became a nickel film with (111) plane as the dominant crystal plane, which indicated that the current density could change the crystal structure of the electrodeposited nickel coating. Nickel coating can not be obtained by electrodeposition in electrolyte without boric acid, which shows that boric acid plays a very important role in electrodeposition of nickel film.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ153;TB383.2

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本文編號：2135752