本文選題：擋渣墻 + ρ-Al_2O_3-水泥復(fù)合結(jié)合�。� 參考：《武漢科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文首先通過擋渣墻損毀分析，確定損毀原因，然后分別從材料的顆粒級配、不同粒度的尖晶石的選擇、結(jié)合體系以及分散劑的確定和添加物對材料顯微結(jié)構(gòu)的影響等方面入手，對剛玉-尖晶石質(zhì)中間包擋渣墻進行了系統(tǒng)的研究： (1)基于武鋼目前所使用的擋渣墻的基本情況，通過實驗室分析了其各項物理指標(biāo)，并對用后擋渣墻進行了損毀原因的分析。結(jié)果表明：目前武鋼所使用擋渣墻顯氣孔率較高，常溫強度較低，熱處理過后體積膨脹較大，對于材料的抗渣性能非常不利。顯微結(jié)構(gòu)分析也驗證了其損毀的主要原因是渣的侵蝕和滲透，擋渣墻的渣線部位損毀非常嚴(yán)重，熔渣與材料發(fā)生化學(xué)侵蝕，產(chǎn)生大量液相，高溫下液相的破壞作用非常大，不斷向材料內(nèi)部溶解侵蝕。在鋼水的不斷沖刷下導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)剝落，最終坍塌。 (2)通過分析目前擋渣墻所存在的缺陷，本文首先以高鋁質(zhì)材料體系入手，通過q值的變化，研究了不同粒度組成對澆注料各項常規(guī)性能的影響。研究結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)q為0.27時，澆注料流動值最高，材料達到最緊密堆積，擁有較高的體積密度和常溫強度，以及較低的顯氣孔率。 (3)以q值為0.27的高鋁質(zhì)材料體系為基礎(chǔ)，研究了添加不同粒度的尖晶石對材料常規(guī)物理性能、熱震穩(wěn)定性以及抗渣性能的影響。研究表明：添加尖晶石對于材料的常規(guī)物理性能影響不大，對熱震穩(wěn)定性和抗渣性能的改善是有利的。當(dāng)骨料：細(xì)粉=15：5時，擁有較好的熱震穩(wěn)定性和抗渣性。通過建立熔渣/耐火材料侵蝕熱力學(xué)模型，發(fā)現(xiàn)剛玉-尖晶石材料高溫下主要通過在骨料表面與熔渣中的MgO發(fā)生反應(yīng)形成鎂鋁尖晶石隔離層，阻止熔渣對材料的進一步溶解。而對骨料：細(xì)粉=15：5的試樣靜態(tài)抗渣試驗后，觀察其顯微結(jié)構(gòu)也同樣驗證了熱力學(xué)模擬的情況。 (4)通過引入ρ-Al2O3使材料體系“純凈化”，大大改善了材料的高溫強度和抗渣侵蝕性能；但ρ-Al2O3結(jié)合的試樣早期強度較低，不利于擋渣墻吊掛和安裝，因此在ρ-Al2O3加入量為3%的基礎(chǔ)上，引入較低含量的水泥來改善擋渣墻的常溫強度，并與單純以ρ-Al2O3作為結(jié)合劑的試樣進行對比，發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)ρ-Al2O3加入量為3%，水泥加入量為1.5%時，，材料不僅具有較高的常溫強度和較低的顯氣孔率，而且其抗渣性能和高溫強度也并未下降；通過XRD和抗渣試驗后顯微結(jié)構(gòu)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，少量水泥的引入并沒有在材料內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生過多的液相，相反在加入到一定量時生成CA6高熔點相，對材料高溫強度和抗渣性能的改善是有利的。在確定了ρ-Al2O3-水泥復(fù)合結(jié)合的結(jié)合體系之后，研究了三種分散劑對澆注料基質(zhì)漿體流變行為的影響。結(jié)果表明：聚羧酸醚類減水劑(以下簡稱FS60)通過靜電斥力和空間位阻的協(xié)同作用，大大降低了漿體的粘度，隨著FS60加入量增加，漿體的粘度基本沒有變化，因此減水劑的加入量有一個合適的范圍。實驗表明當(dāng)加入量為0.1%時，對漿體的分散效果較好，滿足施工要求。 (5)熱力學(xué)模擬計算及XRD分析表明，隨著鎂鋯共晶材料(以下簡稱MZ)加入量增加，生成的尖晶石含量增加，由此造成高溫處理后線變化率和顯氣孔率隨之升高，常溫強度和體積密度降低；當(dāng)加入量過大的時候，抗渣滲透性能有所下降。同時，由于ZrO2的存在，通過其馬氏體相變增韌改善了材料的熱震穩(wěn)定性，但加入量一旦過大，反而熱震穩(wěn)定性有所下降。由此可見，適當(dāng)?shù)囊隡Z可以改善材料的熱震穩(wěn)定性和抗渣侵蝕滲透性，綜合各項性能來看當(dāng)MZ加入量為1%時較為合適。 (6)通過熱力學(xué)軟件模擬計算可知：在剛玉-尖晶石質(zhì)擋渣墻中引入Y2O3，而不添加SiO2，高溫下體系中主要存在的物相為尖晶石相和剛玉相，經(jīng)熱力學(xué)計算Y2O3與A2O3在1500℃下極易生成Y3Al5O12(釔鋁石榴石),釔鋁石榴石具備優(yōu)良的物理化學(xué)性能，對于提高材料的高溫抗折強度是有利的。與此同時，Y2O3顆粒細(xì)小活性較大，在材料基質(zhì)內(nèi)分布均勻，促進材料的燒結(jié)，提高材料的致密度，同時Y2O3與熔渣中的Al2O3反應(yīng)生成Y3Al5O12，Y3Al5O12為高熔點相，這些高熔點相隨著液相向試樣內(nèi)部擴散，液相中的固含量逐漸升高，粘度逐步增大，熔渣與墻體間的潤濕程度降低，從而抑制渣的進一步滲透。綜合各項性能，本文選用Y2O3加入量為2%較為合適。
[Abstract]:In this paper, through the analysis of the damage of the retaining wall, the cause of the damage is determined. Then, a systematic study of the corundum spinel middle bag retaining wall is carried out from the aspects of the particle size distribution of the material, the selection of the spinel with different granularity, the binding system, the determination of the dispersant and the effect of the additives on the microstructure of the material.
(1) based on the basic situation of the slag retaining wall used at present in Wuhan Iron and Steel Group, the physical indexes of the retaining wall are analyzed in the laboratory and the cause of the damage of the slag retaining wall is analyzed. The results show that at present, the slag retaining wall has high apparent porosity, low strength at normal temperature, large volume expansion after heat treatment, and the slag resistance to material. The microstructure analysis also proves that the main cause of the damage is the erosion and penetration of the slag, the damage of the slag line in the slag retaining wall is very serious, the chemical erosion of the slag and the material, the production of a large amount of liquid phase, and the great damage to the liquid phase at high temperature, and the continuous dissolution and erosion of the material inside the material. Under the continuous scour of steel water, it is caused by the continuous erosion of steel. The structure exfoliate and eventually collapses.
(2) by analyzing the defects existing in the current slag retaining wall, the influence of different particle size composition on the conventional properties of the castable is studied by the change of Q value. The results show that when the Q is 0.27, the flow value of the castable is the highest, the material reaches the closest accumulation, and has a higher volume density and a higher volume density. The normal temperature strength and the lower apparent porosity.
(3) based on the high alumina material system with a Q value of 0.27, the effects of spinel with different grain sizes on the physical properties, thermal shock stability and slag resistance of the materials were studied. The results showed that the addition of spinel to the physical properties of the material was not significant, and it was beneficial to the thermal shock stability and the improvement of slag resistance. Material: fine powder =15:5 has good thermal shock stability and slag resistance. By establishing a thermodynamic model of slag / refractory erosion, it is found that the corundum spinel materials mainly react with the MgO in the slag to form the magnesia aluminum spinel isolation layer at high temperature, and prevent the further dissolution of the slag to the material. After the static slag resistance test of the fine powder =15:5, the microstructure of the sample is also verified by thermodynamic simulation.
(4) the material system is "pure purification" by introducing Rho -Al2O3, which greatly improves the high temperature strength and slag resistance of the material. However, the early strength of the sample combined with Rho -Al2O3 is low, which is not conducive to the hanging and installation of the slag retaining wall, so the low content of cement is introduced to improve the normal temperature strength of the slag retaining wall on the basis of the addition of P -Al2O3. And compared with the sample with P -Al2O3 as a binder, it was found that when the amount of P -Al2O3 added to 3% and the cement added to 1.5%, the material not only had higher normal temperature strength and lower apparent porosity, but also the slag resistance and high temperature strength did not decrease. A small amount of water was found by the microstructure analysis after XRD and slag resistance test. The introduction of mud does not produce too much liquid in the material. On the contrary, it is beneficial to improve the high temperature strength and slag resistance of the material when it is added to a certain amount of CA6. The influence of the three kinds of dispersants on the rheological behavior of the matrix slurry is studied after determining the combination system of the combination of P -Al2O3- cement. The results show that polycarboxylate water reducing agent (hereinafter referred to as FS60) greatly reduces the viscosity of the slurry by the synergistic effect of electrostatic repulsion and space steric resistance. As the amount of FS60 increases, the viscosity of the slurry is basically unchanged. Therefore, the amount of water reducing agent has a suitable range. The experiment shows that when the amount of addition is 0.1%, the slurry is divided. Good dispersion effect, meet the construction requirements.
(5) the thermodynamic simulation calculation and XRD analysis show that with the increase of magnesium zirconium eutectic (hereinafter referred to as MZ) addition, the content of the spinel increases, resulting in the increase of the line change rate and the apparent porosity after high temperature treatment, and the decrease of the strength and volume density of the normal temperature, and the slag penetration performance decreases when the addition amount is too large. Due to the existence of ZrO2, the thermal shock stability of the material is improved by toughening of the martensitic phase, but the thermal shock stability of the material decreases as once the amount of addition is too large. Thus, the proper introduction of MZ can improve the thermal shock stability and the penetration resistance of the slag, and the comprehensive performance will be more suitable when the amount of MZ is 1%.
(6) through the simulation of thermodynamic software, it is found that Y2O3 is introduced into the corundum spinel retaining wall without adding SiO2. The main phase in the system at high temperature is spinel and corundum. By thermodynamic calculation, Y3Al5O12 (yttrium aluminum garnet) is easily generated by Y2O3 and A2O3 at 1500, and yttrium aluminum garnet has excellent physical and chemical properties. It is beneficial to improve the flexural strength of the material at high temperature. At the same time, the fine activity of the Y2O3 particles is larger, the distribution of the material is uniform in the material matrix, the sintering of the material is promoted and the density of the material is increased. At the same time, the reaction of the Al2O3 in the Y2O3 and the slag is generated by the reaction, and the Y3Al5O12 is a high melting point phase. These high melting points follow the liquid phase to the sample. In dispersion, the solid content in the liquid phase increases gradually, the viscosity increases gradually, and the wetting degree between the slag and the wall is reduced, thereby inhibiting the further infiltration of the slag. In this paper, the selection of Y2O3 is 2% suitable for the comprehensive performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ175.1

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