本文選題：硫酸廢水 + 新技術(shù)��； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：硫鐵礦制酸廢水通常具有廢水量多,濁度高,酸度大,有毒重金屬等有害物質(zhì)含量高的特點,環(huán)境危害嚴重。大多數(shù)國家都已放棄使用硫鐵礦制酸�？紤]到我國的基本國情:我國的硫鐵礦資源豐富、硫磺資源匱乏、硫酸用量巨大等因素,我國仍然允許使用硫鐵礦制酸。為此環(huán)保部制定新標準《硫酸工業(yè)污染物排放標準》(GB26132-2010),新標準的頒布使得硫鐵礦制酸廢水的處理難度增加,處理費用進一步提高。因此,對原有廢水處理工藝進行改進創(chuàng)新已勢在必行。本文在總結(jié)前人研究工作的基礎(chǔ)之上,致力于硫鐵礦制酸廢水處理新技術(shù)研究,并且以株洲某硫鐵礦制酸廠的制酸廢水開展實驗,提出了“攪拌中和—曝氣氧化—沉淀分離—鐵鹽氧化—CO2脫鈣—混凝沉淀—廢水回用”聯(lián)合處理的新方案.并對新技術(shù)各處理單元的各因素進行優(yōu)化實驗研究,包括正交試驗和單因素實驗,同時探討了鐵鹽除砷的機理及與原有技術(shù)在物耗能耗方面進行對比實驗研究等。脫氟除砷階段,通過單因素實驗得到各影響因素的最佳參數(shù)為:中和pH值為11.0;中和反應(yīng)時間為20min;一次曝氣反應(yīng)時間為50min;二次曝氣反應(yīng)時間為40min;鐵砷質(zhì)量比為8。通過正交試驗得到各影響因素的主次關(guān)系為:中和pH值一次曝氣反應(yīng)時間鐵砷質(zhì)量比二次曝氣反應(yīng)時間中和攪拌反應(yīng)時間。通過對除砷機理的探討,新技術(shù)中鐵鹽除砷主要包括砷的氧化,鐵鹽混凝及吸附三個方面的作用。通過對鐵鹽除砷吸附作用的研究,用Freundlich吸附等溫方程來擬合,擬合的相關(guān)系數(shù)R2為0.94,具有較好的相關(guān)性,對K和作回歸分析得出鐵砷質(zhì)量比對砷去除率效果的數(shù)學(xué)模型為C=(0.88+482.53)φ.。脫鈣階段,通過單因素實驗得出各影響因素的最佳參數(shù)為:脫鈣pH值為8.8;反應(yīng)溫度為50℃;攪拌時間為50min;攪拌速度為150r/min;晶種投加量為1g/L。通過正交試驗得到各影響因素的主次關(guān)系為:脫鈣pH晶種投加量攪拌速度反應(yīng)溫度攪拌時間。通過新技術(shù)處理該廢水,處理后廢水中氟、砷、鉛的去除率分別達到90.09%、99.64%、96.26%,其殘余量分別為7.95mg/L、0.28 mg/L、0.42 mg/L,其他重金屬的含量也都在相關(guān)標準以下;脫鈣處理后廢水中鈣離子濃度在飽和狀態(tài)以下。通過新技術(shù)與原有技術(shù)的對比實驗,新技術(shù)在物耗和能耗方面比傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)要少,相比原有技術(shù),新技術(shù)氧化曝氣時間比原有技術(shù)縮短60min,中和藥劑用量減少了2mL。
[Abstract]:Pyrite made acid wastewater is usually characterized by high amount of waste water, high turbidity, high acidity, toxic heavy metals and other harmful substances. Most countries have abandoned the use of pyrite to make acid. Considering the basic national conditions of our country, there are many factors such as rich pyrite resources, scarcity of sulphur resources and the huge amount of sulphuric acid in our country. It is still allowed to use pyrite to make acid. To this end, the Ministry of environmental protection has formulated a new standard for the emission standard of the sulphuric acid industry (GB26132-2010). The promulgation of the new standard makes the treatment difficulty of the sulfuric acid wastewater increase, and the treatment cost is further improved. Therefore, it is imperative to improve the original wastewater treatment process. On the basis of the research work, a new technology for the treatment of sulfuric acid wastewater from pyrite is studied, and a new scheme of combined treatment of "stirring neutralization - aeration oxidation - precipitation separation - iron salt oxidation - CO2 decalcification - coagulation sedimentation - wastewater reuse" is proposed. A new technology is proposed. All the factors of each unit were optimized, including the orthogonal experiment and the single factor experiment. At the same time, the mechanism of iron removal and the experimental study on the energy consumption of the original technology were also discussed. The best parameters of the influence factors were the neutralization pH value of 11, neutralization and neutralization. The reaction time is 20min, one aeration reaction time is 50min, the two aeration reaction time is 40min, the iron arsenic mass ratio is 8. through orthogonal experiment to get the main relation of the influence factors: the neutralization pH value one time aeration reaction time iron arsenic mass ratio two aeration reaction time and the stirring reaction time. Through the discussion of the arsenic removal mechanism, the new method of arsenic removal is new. In the technology, iron salt removal mainly includes three aspects: arsenic oxidation, iron salt coagulation and adsorption. Through the study of the adsorption of iron salts, the adsorption of arsenic is fitted with Freundlich adsorption isotherm equation. The correlation coefficient R2 of fitting is 0.94, and has good correlation. The number of iron arsenic mass ratio to arsenic removal efficiency is obtained by K and regression analysis. The study model is C= (0.88+482.53) Phi decalcification stage. Through single factor experiment, the best parameters are obtained: decalcification pH value is 8.8, reaction temperature is 50, stirring time is 50min, stirring speed is 150r/min, and crystal seed dosage is 1g/L. through orthogonal test, the main and secondary relation of each influence factor is decalcification pH seed mixing amount agitation The removal rate of fluorine, arsenic and lead in the waste water is 90.09%, 99.64%, 96.26%, respectively, 7.95mg/L, 0.28 mg/L, 0.42 mg/L, and the content of other heavy metals are below the relevant standards, and the concentration of calcium ions in waste water is below saturation state after decalcification treatment. Comparing the new technology with the original technology, the new technology is less than the traditional technology in the aspect of material consumption and energy consumption. Compared with the original technology, the oxidation aeration time of the new technology is shortened by 60min compared with the original technology, and the dosage of neutralization agent is reduced by 2mL.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X781.3

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 ;Practical performance and its efficiency of arsenic removal from groundwater using Fe-Mn binary oxide[J];Journal of Environmental Sciences;2010年01期

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本文編號：1994386