本文選題：納米氧化鎢 + 脈沖激光沉積��； 參考：《南京理工大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：三氧化鎢是一種n型寬禁帶半導體氧化物,具有響應速度快、著色效率高和比電容高等優(yōu)異物理和化學性能,被廣泛應用于電致變色、智能顯示、化學傳感以及超級電容器等領域。三氧化鎢性能和應用依賴于其獨特的形貌和微結構,通過納米化增大其比表面積可提高三氧化鎢的電致變色、超級電容器性能。本論文采用脈沖激光沉積和溶劑熱反應方法制備了低維氧化鎢納米薄膜、納米花球和納米星,研究了制備工藝參數(shù)對低維氧化鎢納米結構的形貌、相組成、微結構和性能影響,探究了氧化鎢微觀結構與其電致變色和超級電容器性能之間的關聯(lián)。采用脈沖激光沉積法制備了(002)晶面擇優(yōu)取向的單斜相三氧化鎢納米薄膜,研究了制備工藝參數(shù)對薄膜形貌、微觀結構和光學性能的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)氧化鎢薄膜的形貌、結晶性和光學帶隙依賴于襯底溫度、氣壓與激光能量密度。三氧化鎢薄膜的結晶性隨著氣壓和激光能量密度增加而提高。在襯底溫度低于300℃時,氧化鎢薄膜呈非晶態(tài)；隨著襯底溫度增加,薄膜的結晶性提高、晶粒尺寸和表面粗糙程度增大,并導致光學帶隙由3.22eV降低至3.05eV。采用溶劑熱法,利用普朗尼克F127為表面活性劑,制備了具有高比表面積、晶態(tài)與非晶態(tài)雜化、直徑約200nm的三氧化鎢納米花球。探究了普朗尼克F127含量(0.1-0.4g)、反應溫度(90-240℃)、反應時間對其形貌和結構影響,以及納米花球的自組裝過程。結果表明,添加F127會促進無規(guī)則三氧化鎢納米顆粒生長成花球狀形貌,過量F127導致納米花球變得松散,表面薄片脫落。反應溫度升高,三氧化鎢由球狀向花球狀再向帶狀轉變,相結構由非晶、正交二氧化鎢與立方三氧化鎢混合結構,轉化為純立方相三氧化鎢,并最終轉化為六方相三氧化鎢；隨著反應時間延長,初始的球狀顆粒表面形核生長出褶皺狀薄片,同時顆粒變得圓潤飽滿,最終生長為花球狀形貌。制備的氧化鎢納米花球表現(xiàn)出良好的電致變色性能,著色消色對比度高于40%,著色和消色時間約2s。采用溶劑熱法,通過金屬鎢粉和雙氧水制備了高結晶性、由納米帶自組裝成的六角三氧化鎢納米星,研究了乙醇與去離子水比例、反應時間和反應溫度對納米星尺寸和微觀結構的影響。前驅體溶劑中乙醇含量增加,導致自組裝成納米星的納米帶寬度減小,納米星形狀趨于不規(guī)則；隨反應時間增加,納米星由中間向上下兩個側面按層狀生長,每層直徑逐漸減小,最終生長成為雙六棱錐形。三氧化鎢納米星組裝的超級電容器表現(xiàn)出法拉第贗電容特性,最大比電容達312.5F/g。
[Abstract]:Tungsten trioxide is an n-type wide band gap semiconductor oxide with high response speed, high coloring efficiency and excellent physical and chemical properties of specific capacitance. It is widely used in electrochromic and intelligent display. Chemical sensing and supercapacitors and other areas. The properties and applications of tungsten trioxide depend on its unique morphology and microstructure. By increasing its specific surface area, the electrochromic properties of tungsten trioxide and the properties of supercapacitors can be improved. In this paper, low-dimensional tungsten oxide nanocrystalline films, nanospheres and nanometers were prepared by pulsed laser deposition and solvothermal reaction. The effects of preparation parameters on the morphology, phase composition, microstructure and properties of low-dimensional tungsten oxide nanostructures were studied. The relationship between the microstructure of tungsten oxide and its electrochromic and supercapacitor properties was investigated. The monoclinic tungsten trioxide nanocrystalline films with preferential orientation of crystal plane were prepared by pulsed laser deposition. The effects of preparation parameters on the morphology, microstructure and optical properties of the films were studied. It is found that the morphology, crystallinity and optical band gap of tungsten oxide films depend on substrate temperature, gas pressure and laser energy density. The crystallinity of tungsten trioxide films increases with the increase of gas pressure and laser energy density. When the substrate temperature is lower than 300 鈩，

本文編號：1980077