本文選題：超級(jí)電容器 + 鋰離子電池　； 參考：《新疆大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：能源危機(jī)和溫室氣體效應(yīng)嚴(yán)重制約了整個(gè)社會(huì)的全面可持續(xù)發(fā)展,通過(guò)超級(jí)電容器和鋰離子電池等儲(chǔ)能器件將可再生能源以電能的形式儲(chǔ)存起來(lái),此舉被視作是解決以上難題的有效途徑之一。電極材料的研究發(fā)展在一定程度上決定了超級(jí)電容器和鋰離子電池的商業(yè)價(jià)值和實(shí)際應(yīng)用,所以最核心的問(wèn)題就是開(kāi)發(fā)新型高活性電化學(xué)電極材料或者改善提高已有電極材料的電化學(xué)活性。近年來(lái),三元過(guò)渡金屬氧化物因其理論比容量高、導(dǎo)電性好以及雙金屬之間的協(xié)同效應(yīng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)使之成為了一個(gè)研究熱點(diǎn),并且在儲(chǔ)能領(lǐng)域展現(xiàn)出了巨大的應(yīng)用潛力。然而,其中關(guān)于鈷基釩酸鹽電極材料的文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道卻不夠豐富,究其原因是由于釩的價(jià)態(tài)多變導(dǎo)致缺乏適合的制備方法、反應(yīng)過(guò)程中的電化學(xué)機(jī)理尚不夠明確、循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性不夠優(yōu)異等。我國(guó)釩和鈷資源非常豐富,但綜合開(kāi)發(fā)利用尚不足夠,因此研究如何將豐富的釩和鈷資源轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楣δ芑牧鲜且豁?xiàng)有意義的工作�；谝陨戏治�,本論文針對(duì)鈷基釩酸鹽材料開(kāi)展了以下工作:(1)以偏釩酸銨和六水硝酸鈷為原料,蒸餾水為反應(yīng)溶劑,利用微波輔助法結(jié)合高溫煅燒處理成功合成了準(zhǔn)立方塊結(jié)構(gòu)的CoV_2O_6。將準(zhǔn)立方塊結(jié)構(gòu)的CoV_2O_6作為超級(jí)電容器的電極材料,經(jīng)電容性能測(cè)試表明其比電容為223 F g-1(電流密度為1 A g-1),且倍率性能也較好,當(dāng)經(jīng)過(guò)15000圈循環(huán)后(電流密度為5 A g-1),比電容未出現(xiàn)衰減,表現(xiàn)出良好的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性。本工作拓寬了超級(jí)電容器材料的種類(lèi),同時(shí)也推動(dòng)了鈷基釩酸鹽材料在超級(jí)電容器領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的進(jìn)一步研究。(2)鈷基釩酸鹽因其理想的電化學(xué)性能已經(jīng)在鋰離子電池領(lǐng)域內(nèi)引起了關(guān)注,但是其制備方法仍面臨著諸多問(wèn)題。本章經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)探索,提出通過(guò)室溫共沉淀的方法控制合成球形前驅(qū)體,而后通過(guò)煅燒得到由納米小顆粒組成的分級(jí)介孔Co_3V_2O_8微米球。當(dāng)將Co_3V_2O_8微米球作為鋰電負(fù)極材料時(shí),初始放電容量可達(dá)1099.0 mA h g-1(電流密度為500 mA g-1),循環(huán)200圈后放電容量相比第二圈的容量未出現(xiàn)衰減,電流密度提高至2000 mA g-1時(shí),平均放電容量仍然可達(dá)545.5mA h g-1,表現(xiàn)出良好的倍率性能。這種合成方法相較于文獻(xiàn)所報(bào)道的方法更為節(jié)能、溫和和簡(jiǎn)單,同時(shí)可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)材料結(jié)構(gòu)的有效調(diào)控。(3)采用液相合成方法,以常見(jiàn)且廉價(jià)的尿素作為形貌調(diào)控劑,通過(guò)控制反應(yīng)過(guò)程參數(shù),制備出三維花狀形貌結(jié)構(gòu)的Co_2V_2O_7·nH_2O。將三維花狀形貌結(jié)構(gòu)的Co_2V_2O_7·nH_2O作為超級(jí)電容器的電極材料時(shí),通過(guò)電容測(cè)試結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):當(dāng)電流密度為1 A g-1時(shí),其比電容為326.9 F g-1;當(dāng)電流密度擴(kuò)大10倍時(shí),其比電容為247.3 F g-1,展現(xiàn)出較好的倍率性;在5 A g-1的電流密度下循環(huán)15000圈后的比電容未出現(xiàn)衰減,體現(xiàn)出良好的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:The energy crisis and the greenhouse gas effect seriously restrict the overall sustainable development of the whole society. It is considered as one of the effective ways to solve the above problems by storing the renewable energy in the form of electric energy through the energy storage devices such as supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries. The research and development of electric electrode materials is determined to a certain extent. With the commercial value and practical application of supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries, the most important problem is to develop new highly active electrochemical electrode materials or improve the electrochemical activity of existing electrode materials. In recent years, three meta transition metal oxides have high theoretical specific volume, good conductivity and synergy between bimetal. Effect and other advantages make it a hot research focus and show great potential in the field of energy storage. However, the literature on cobalt based vanadate electrode materials is not rich enough. The reason is that the valence state of vanadium leads to the lack of suitable preparation methods, and the electrochemical mechanism in the reaction process is not clear enough. It is true that the circulation stability is not excellent. The resources of vanadium and cobalt are very rich in our country, but the comprehensive development and utilization are not enough. Therefore, it is a meaningful work to study how to transform the rich vanadium and cobalt resources into functional materials. Based on the above analysis, the following work has been carried out on the cobalt base vanadium acid materials: (1) ammonium vanadate and ammonium vanadate are used in this paper. Six water cobalt nitrate is used as the raw material and distilled water is a reaction solvent. The quasi vertical block structure of CoV_2O_6. is successfully synthesized by microwave assisted method and high temperature calcination. The CoV_2O_6 of the quasi vertical block structure is used as the electrode material of the supercapacitor. The capacitance performance test shows that the specific capacitance is 223 F g-1 (the current density is 1 A g-1). It can also be better, when after 15000 cycles (the current density is 5 A g-1), the capacitance is not attenuated and shows good cyclic stability. This work widens the types of supercapacitor materials and also promotes the further study of cobalt based vanadate materials in the supercapacitor field. (2) cobalt based vanadate is ideal for its electrochemistry. The performance has attracted a lot of attention in the field of lithium ion batteries, but the preparation method still faces many problems. In this chapter, the synthetic spherical precursor is controlled by the method of room temperature coprecipitation, and then the mesoporous Co_3V_2O_8 microspheres composed of small nanoparticles are obtained by calcining. When the Co_3V_2O_8 microsphere is made, the microsphere is made by calcining. The initial discharge capacity can reach 1099 mA h g-1 (the current density is 500 mA g-1). The capacity of the discharge capacity is not attenuated and the current density increases to 2000 mA g-1 after 200 cycles, and the average discharge capacity is still 545.5mA h g-1, showing a good multiplier performance. The methods reported in the literature are more energy-saving, mild and simple, and can effectively control the structure of materials. (3) using liquid phase synthesis method, the common and cheap urea is used as a morpho regulator. By controlling the parameters of the reaction process, the three-dimensional flower like structure of Co_2V_2O_7. NH_2O. is prepared by the control of the parameters of the reaction process. When _7 nH_2O is a supercapacitor electrode material, it is found that the specific capacitance is 326.9 F g-1 when the current density is 1 A g-1, and when the current density expands 10 times, its specific capacitance is 247.3 F g-1, showing a better multiplier, and the specific capacitance is not attenuated after the circulation of 15000 cycles at the current density of 5 A g-1. There is a good cycle stability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TQ138.12;O646

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳新麗;李偉善;;超級(jí)電容器電極材料的研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展[J];廣東化工;2006年07期

2 許開(kāi)卿;吳季懷;范樂(lè)慶;冷晴;鐘欣;蘭章;黃妙良;林建明;;水凝膠聚合物電解質(zhì)超級(jí)電容器研究進(jìn)展[J];材料導(dǎo)報(bào);2011年15期

3 梓文;;超高能超級(jí)電容器[J];兵器材料科學(xué)與工程;2013年04期

4 ;歐盟創(chuàng)新型大功率超級(jí)電容器問(wèn)世[J];功能材料信息;2014年01期

5 周霞芳;;無(wú)污染 充電快 春節(jié)后有望面市 周?chē)?guó)泰院士解密“超級(jí)電容器”[J];環(huán)境與生活;2012年01期

6 江奇,瞿美臻,張伯蘭,于作龍;電化學(xué)超級(jí)電容器電極材料的研究進(jìn)展[J];無(wú)機(jī)材料學(xué)報(bào);2002年04期

7 朱修鋒,王君,景曉燕,張密林;超級(jí)電容器電極材料[J];化工新型材料;2002年04期

8 景茂祥,沈湘黔,沈裕軍,鄧春明,翟海軍;超級(jí)電容器氧化物電極材料的研究進(jìn)展[J];礦冶工程;2003年02期

9 朱磊,吳伯榮,陳暉,劉明義,簡(jiǎn)旭宇,李志強(qiáng);超級(jí)電容器研究及其應(yīng)用[J];稀有金屬;2003年03期

10 賀福;碳(炭)材料與超級(jí)電容器[J];高科技纖維與應(yīng)用;2005年03期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 馬衍偉;張熊;余鵬;陳堯;;新型超級(jí)電容器納米電極材料的研究[A];2009中國(guó)功能材料科技與產(chǎn)業(yè)高層論壇論文集[C];2009年

2 張易寧;何騰云;;超級(jí)電容器電極材料的最新研究進(jìn)展[A];第二十八屆全國(guó)化學(xué)與物理電源學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2009年

3 鐘輝;曾慶聰;吳丁財(cái);符若文;;聚苯乙烯基層次孔碳的活化及其在超級(jí)電容器中的應(yīng)用[A];中國(guó)化學(xué)會(huì)第15屆反應(yīng)性高分子學(xué)術(shù)討論會(huì)論文摘要預(yù)印集[C];2010年

4 趙家昌;賴(lài)春艷;戴揚(yáng);解晶瑩;;扣式超級(jí)電容器組的研制[A];第十二屆中國(guó)固態(tài)離子學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文集[C];2004年

5 單既成;陳維英;;超級(jí)電容器與通信備用電源[A];通信電源新技術(shù)論壇——2008通信電源學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2008年

6 王燕;吳英鵬;黃毅;馬延風(fēng);陳永勝;;單層石墨用作超級(jí)電容器的研究[A];2009年全國(guó)高分子學(xué)術(shù)論文報(bào)告會(huì)論文摘要集（上冊(cè)）[C];2009年

7 趙健偉;倪文彬;王登超;黃忠杰;;超級(jí)電容器電極材料的設(shè)計(jì)、制備及性質(zhì)研究[A];中國(guó)化學(xué)會(huì)第27屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)第10分會(huì)場(chǎng)摘要集[C];2010年

8 張琦;鄭明森;董全峰;田昭武;;基于薄液層反應(yīng)的新型超級(jí)電容器——多孔碳電極材料的影響[A];中國(guó)化學(xué)會(huì)第27屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)第10分會(huì)場(chǎng)摘要集[C];2010年

9 馬衍偉;;新型超級(jí)電容器石墨烯電極材料的研究[A];第七屆中國(guó)功能材料及其應(yīng)用學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文集（第7分冊(cè)）[C];2010年

10 劉不厭;彭喬;孫s，

本文編號(hào)：1936517