本文選題：分級(jí)多孔ZnO + 納米材料　； 參考：《西安理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著生活質(zhì)量提高,有機(jī)污染物造成的水體污染引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。越來越多的研究學(xué)者致力于對(duì)有機(jī)污染物能進(jìn)行有效分解的光催化材料的研究,尤其是金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體,具有氧化活性好,化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性好,特別是在光催化方面可以快速對(duì)有機(jī)物進(jìn)行降解。具有納米結(jié)構(gòu)的多孔金屬氧化物因其孔的形成、增大的比表面積和良好的抗團(tuán)聚性能,相比于顆粒金屬氧化物將具有更好的光催化性能,基-于此,本文采用真空吸鑄與去合金相結(jié)合的方法制備具有納米結(jié)構(gòu)的分級(jí)多孔ZnO,通過XRD、SEM、紫外光催化性能、光致發(fā)光(PL)等農(nóng)征手段,對(duì)所制分級(jí)多孔納米ZnO不同制備階段相組成、微觀形貌,以及分級(jí)多孔納米ZnO的光催化性能及光致發(fā)光性能進(jìn)行了研究,得出以下結(jié)論:(1)用真空吸鑄得到Zn-Al合金和NaCl的復(fù)合體,在380℃下加熱4h固溶處理后,轉(zhuǎn)變成為Zn過飽和的α(Al)固溶體與NaCl顆粒的復(fù)合體。(2)Q固溶處理的復(fù)合體通過水洗去除NaCl顆粒后得到具有多孔結(jié)構(gòu)Zn過飽和的a(Al)固溶體;然后通過NaOH溶液進(jìn)行堿洗去掉固溶體中的Al,而使其中固溶的Zn被保留下來或部分轉(zhuǎn)化為ZnO,使得原來多孔材料的孔壁上出現(xiàn)大量的孔,從而得到具有納米結(jié)構(gòu)的分級(jí)多孔Zn/ZnO。(3)在350℃加熱8h樣品氧化后,分級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)Zn/ZnO中Zn全部氧化成ZnO,從而制備出具有納米結(jié)構(gòu)的分級(jí)多孔ZnO。通過對(duì)不同合金配比、NaOH的用量量和去合金時(shí)間不同參數(shù)下制備出的分級(jí)多孔納米ZnO的研究,結(jié)果表明Al含量為55%、NaOH和合金中A1的摩爾比滿足n(NaOH): n(Al)=1.10:1和去合金時(shí)間為6h的工藝下得到了結(jié)構(gòu)完整、形貌良好的具有納米結(jié)構(gòu)的分級(jí)多孔ZnO。(4)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)制得的分級(jí)多孔ZnO進(jìn)行了光催化性能研究,結(jié)果表明:在6h的紫外光照條件下,分級(jí)多孔ZnO對(duì)甲基橙的降解率為88.09%,光催化性能優(yōu)于粉體的TiO2,也優(yōu)于同課題組制備的多孔納米ZnO的光催化性能。在較寬的溫度范圍及甲基橙溶液濃度,分級(jí)多孔納米ZnO仍能保持良好光光催催性能。偏堿性或偏酸性·溶液都會(huì)降低分級(jí)多孔ZnO的光催化效率,酸性溶液比喊性溶液影響稍高。(5)對(duì)分級(jí)多孔ZnO材料進(jìn)行光致發(fā)光研究中,表明了分級(jí)多孔ZnO在325 nm紫外照射下,會(huì)激發(fā)出ZnO的375 nm紫外區(qū)帶邊發(fā)射光以及寬域的點(diǎn)缺陷黃-綠發(fā)射峰。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of quality of life, water pollution caused by organic pollutants has aroused widespread concern. More and more researchers are devoted to the research of photocatalytic materials which can decompose organic pollutants effectively, especially metal oxide semiconductors, which have good oxidation activity and chemical stability. In particular, organic matter can be degraded quickly in photocatalysis. Porous metal oxides with nanostructures have better photocatalytic properties than granular metal oxides because of their pore formation, increased specific surface area and good agglomeration resistance. In this paper, nano-structured layered porous ZnO was prepared by vacuum casting and dealloying. By means of XRD-SEM, UV photocatalytic properties and photoluminescence (PL), the phase composition of the graded porous nano-ZnO at different preparation stages was studied. The micromorphology, photocatalytic properties and photoluminescence properties of ZnO were studied. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) the complex of Zn-Al alloy and NaCl was obtained by vacuum casting, and the solution was heated at 380 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1931796