本文選題：陶瓷微濾膜 + 外壓式薄壁支撐體　； 參考：《景德鎮(zhèn)陶瓷學院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：陶瓷膜因機械強度高,耐腐蝕、易于再生等優(yōu)點,在生物醫(yī)藥、化工及環(huán)保等領域得到廣泛應用,成為重點研發(fā)的分離技術之一。因易于密封,現(xiàn)有的陶瓷膜多采用內(nèi)壓式,即分離膜層在膜孔道表面,料液從膜孔道內(nèi)流動,膜間壓從內(nèi)向外。但該構型類似雞蛋殼的力學結(jié)構,凹面的作用力相對集中,承受的壓力相對較小,因此,內(nèi)壓式陶瓷膜需要更高的機械強度,目前多采用增加支撐體厚度的方式來加以實現(xiàn),最薄壁處厚度在2mm以上。這必然增加陶瓷膜的滲透阻力,降低膜的通量。外壓式陶瓷膜的分離膜層在外側(cè),料液的膜問壓從外向內(nèi),膜構型的作用面比較分散,所以在相同膜間壓條件下,外壓式陶瓷膜支撐體的厚度可明顯減小,從而減少膜的滲透阻力。但是,陶瓷膜支撐體的薄壁化對支撐體的成型、煅燒,膜層的制備等提出更高的技術要求,成為外壓式薄壁陶瓷膜的制備與應用亟待解決的關鍵技術問題。本文研究了外壓式平板狀蜂窩陶瓷薄壁堇青石微濾膜的制備：采用擠出成型法制備了堇青石支撐體,通過控制泥料組成、干燥條件和燒結(jié)工藝,獲得線性度良好的平板狀蜂窩陶瓷膜支撐體；通過采用適度提高堇青石懸浮液固含量的方法,在薄壁平板狀蜂窩支撐體上制備出膜層厚度均勻、無缺陷的中間層和頂層微濾膜；研究了懸浮液固含量、浸漿時間和懸浮液粘度對堇青石膜層厚度的影響,并分析了濕膜的形成機理,同時研究了干燥工藝和燒結(jié)制度對膜層孔徑分布的影響。得到如下結(jié)論：(1)通過控制擠出、干燥、燒結(jié)等工藝制備出線性度良好的平板狀蜂窩陶瓷膜支撐體,支撐體的尺寸為1000mm×95mm×13mm(長×寬×高),壁厚僅1mm,含雙排滲透通道。經(jīng)燒結(jié)溫度為1350℃,保溫1.5h,所得支撐體的孔隙率為50%,平均孔徑為4.25μm,彎折強度為6.0MPa。(2)為解決支撐體厚度減少導致的濕膜厚度降低,易產(chǎn)生膜缺陷的問題,通過增加懸浮液固含量方法提高濕膜厚度。濕膜厚度隨著懸浮液固含量的增加而增加,當懸浮液固含量為30%時,所得膜層厚度為30μm,平均孔徑為0.65μm,膜面平整,最大孔僅為1.1μm。毛細管吸附機理對濕膜厚度的增加貢獻增大,但貢獻率減少。隨著懸浮液粘度的增加,薄膜涂覆機理對成膜作用貢獻量增加。(3)頂層懸浮液固含量為15%,涂膜時間為25s時,膜層厚度為101μm,最大孔為0.35μm,平均孔徑為0.241μm。得到性能良好的平板狀蜂窩陶瓷薄壁堇青石微濾膜。
[Abstract]:Because of its high mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and easy regeneration, ceramic membrane has been widely used in biomedical, chemical and environmental protection fields, and has become one of the key research and development of separation technology. Because it is easy to seal, most of the existing ceramic membranes adopt the internal pressure type, that is, the separation membrane layer is on the surface of the membrane channel, the material liquid flows through the membrane pore channel, and the intermembrane pressure flows from the inside out. However, the structure is similar to the mechanical structure of the egg shell. The concave force is relatively concentrated and the pressure is relatively small. Therefore, the internal pressure ceramic membrane needs higher mechanical strength. At present, it is usually realized by increasing the thickness of the support. The thin-wall thickness is above 2mm. This will increase the permeation resistance of ceramic membrane and reduce the flux of the membrane. The separation membrane layer of external pressure ceramic membrane is outside, the membrane pressure of material liquid is from outside to inside, the action surface of membrane configuration is dispersed, so under the same intermembrane pressure condition, the thickness of external pressure ceramic membrane support can be reduced obviously. Thus reducing the membrane permeability resistance. However, the thin-walled ceramic membrane support has put forward higher technical requirements for the shaping, calcination and preparation of the film layer, which has become a key technical problem to be solved in the preparation and application of external pressure thin wall ceramic membrane. In this paper, the preparation of thin wall cordierite microfiltration membrane of external pressure honeycomb ceramics was studied. Cordierite support was prepared by extrusion molding, and the composition of clay, drying conditions and sintering process were controlled. The flat honeycomb ceramic membrane support with good linearity was obtained, and the thin wall flat honeycomb membrane with uniform thickness and no defect was prepared by increasing the cordierite suspension liquid and solid content appropriately, and the thin wall flat honeycomb support was prepared by the method of increasing the content of cordierite suspensions. The effects of solid content of suspension, soaking time and viscosity of suspension on the thickness of cordierite film were studied. The formation mechanism of wet film was analyzed, and the effects of drying process and sintering system on the pore size distribution of cordierite film were studied. The following conclusions are obtained: by controlling extrusion, drying and sintering, the flat honeycomb ceramic membrane support with good linearity has been prepared. The size of the support is 1000mm 脳 95mm 脳 13mm (length 脳 width 脳 high), and the wall thickness is only 1 mm, which contains double permeable channels. With sintering temperature of 1350 鈩，

本文編號：1919245