本文選題：介孔碳 + 分離富集�。� 參考：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：有毒有害物質(zhì)一直威脅著人類的健康,受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注,因而其分析檢測技術(shù)成為研究的焦點。由于環(huán)境體系是一個復(fù)雜且物質(zhì)成分微量的基質(zhì),在分析檢測前的分離富集成為必需過程,前處理技術(shù)對環(huán)境有害物質(zhì)的分離富集和分析結(jié)果的可靠性有著決定性的作用。其中固相萃取技術(shù)和固相微萃取技術(shù)由于其可以高效的對大量的樣品進行快速分離富集,是一種固有高優(yōu)越性的前處理方法。 本文綜述了環(huán)境樣品前處理分離富集環(huán)境有毒有害物質(zhì)的常見技術(shù),以及磁性介孔碳材料和中空介孔碳材料的合成方法,并概述了介孔碳材料的應(yīng)用研究進展；以簡便方法合成了磁性介孔碳材料和中空介孔碳材料,并應(yīng)用于水體中多環(huán)芳烴的富集和鹽酸四環(huán)素的藥物負載及緩釋。 以TEOS為硅源作為硬模板,間苯二酚和甲醛為碳源,用“一鍋法”合成出具有大孔徑(平均孔徑大小為5.4nm)、強磁性(62emu g-1)的磁性Fe304粒子為核,介孔碳層為外殼的蛋黃-蛋殼型結(jié)構(gòu)的磁性介孔碳材料(Fe304@void@C)。此方法合成步驟簡單,通過“一鍋法”直接合成避免了中間步驟原料的損失。對原料溶劑的組成以及TEOS和甲醛的比例對Fe3O4@void@C結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌的影響進行了詳細的研究。Fe304@void@C材料的吸附性能評價顯示,Fe3O4@void@C對多環(huán)芳烴有著很強的吸附能力,在較短的時間達到吸附平衡,吸附量大,磁性分離速度快,并且能夠在回收率84%以上重復(fù)使用六次,因此在水環(huán)境樣品分離富集中顯示出一定的優(yōu)越性。 通過“一鍋法”合成了具有厚度可調(diào)的中空介孔碳材料(HMCM),探究了其對鹽酸四環(huán)素的負載及緩釋行為。研究表明,合成的HMCM材料的厚度能夠在7-90nm任意調(diào)整,且具有比表面積大、孔徑分布均勻等特點。HMCM對鹽酸四環(huán)素具有很高的負載量(達850mg g-1),在37℃水浴中,不同厚度HMCM材料的大量緩釋行為在15-25h之間,且能夠在55h的時間內(nèi)持續(xù)緩釋。顯示出HMCM材料在藥物負載、傳輸及緩釋中具有較高的優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:Toxic and harmful substances have been a threat to human health and received extensive attention, so its analytical and detection technology has become the focus of research. Because the environmental system is a complex and trace matrix, the separation and enrichment before the analysis and detection become the necessary process. The pretreatment technology plays a decisive role in the separation and enrichment of environmental harmful substances and the reliability of the analytical results. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is an inherently superior pretreatment method because of its high efficiency for rapid separation and enrichment of a large number of samples. In this paper, the common technologies for the separation and enrichment of environmental toxic and harmful substances by pretreatment of environmental samples, the synthesis methods of magnetic mesoporous carbon materials and hollow mesoporous carbon materials are reviewed, and the research progress in the application of mesoporous carbon materials is also summarized. Magnetic mesoporous carbon materials and hollow mesoporous carbon materials were synthesized by a simple method and were applied to the enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and drug loading and sustained release of tetracycline hydrochloride. Using TEOS as hard template and resorcinol and formaldehyde as carbon source, magnetic Fe304 particles with large pore size (average pore size of 5.4 nm) and strong magnetic density of 62 emu g-1 were synthesized by one-pot method. A magnetic mesoporous carbon material with a yolk-eggshell structure and a mesoporous carbon layer is Fe304 @ void@ Con. This method is simple and can avoid the loss of intermediate step raw material by one-pot method. The effects of the composition of raw solvent and the ratio of TEOS to formaldehyde on the structure and morphology of Fe3O4@void@C were studied in detail. The adsorptive properties of Fe304Void@ C material showed that Fe3O4Void@ C had a strong adsorption ability to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and the adsorption equilibrium was achieved in a relatively short time. The adsorption capacity is large, the magnetic separation speed is fast, and the recovery rate is more than 84% and can be reused for six times, so it shows certain superiority in the water environment sample separation and enrichment. The hollow mesoporous carbon (HMCM) with adjustable thickness was synthesized by "one pot method", and its loading and slow release behavior to tetracycline hydrochloride were investigated. The results show that the thickness of the synthesized HMCM material can be adjusted arbitrarily in 7-90nm, and it has the characteristics of large specific surface area and uniform pore size distribution. HMCM has a high loading amount to tetracycline hydrochloride (up to 850mg g-1, in water bath at 37 鈩，

本文編號：1901763