發(fā)布時間：2018-05-14 21:19

  本文選題：玉米秸稈 + 丁醇�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國是農(nóng)業(yè)大國,每年產(chǎn)生8億噸的農(nóng)作物秸稈有30%以上得不到有效利用。秸稈中含有的纖維素和半纖維素是優(yōu)質(zhì)的生物質(zhì)資源。生物丁醇和氫氣都是重要的可再生能源,可以應(yīng)用到能源、交通燃料等領(lǐng)域。纖維素水解成單糖后,可以利用生物法發(fā)酵還原糖生產(chǎn)丁醇。采用纖維素類生物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)生物能源和秸稈的資源化利用已引起了社會各界的廣泛關(guān)注。微生物電解池(Microbial electrolysis cell,MEC)是一種新興的生物制氫技術(shù),能夠在處理有機廢水的同時高效產(chǎn)氫。本實驗以秸稈梯級利用為出發(fā)點,研究了促進玉米秸稈水解液發(fā)酵產(chǎn)丁醇的方法,同時探索了利用MEC利用丁醇發(fā)酵廢液制氫的可行性,并采用微生物燃料電池(Microbial Fuel Cell,MFC)處理MEC產(chǎn)氫廢液,并據(jù)此提出了秸稈水解液發(fā)酵產(chǎn)丁醇-MEC產(chǎn)氫的提高生物質(zhì)利用率的方法。本研究通過研究預(yù)處理方法、纖維素酶解緩沖溶液和水解液中的抑制物去除方法提高玉米秸稈糖化率。在稀酸預(yù)處理、乙酸-乙酸鈉緩沖溶液條件下還原糖的濃度為30.90 g/L。石灰法可以有效去除預(yù)處理抑制物并比對照組丁醇濃度提高了1.1倍。在秸稈水解液發(fā)酵時,添加適量的外源電子載體(芐基紫精、甲基藍)可以顯著提高丁醇的產(chǎn)量。其中,當玉米秸稈水解液中含有20 mg/L的芐基紫精,丁醇的和溶劑的產(chǎn)量分別為6.49 g/L和8.14 g/L,丁醇產(chǎn)率提高到0.41 g/g。MEC利用丁醇發(fā)酵廢液產(chǎn)氫,不同的發(fā)酵廢液濃度對最終的產(chǎn)氫量和COD去除效果有較大影響。發(fā)酵廢液的進水濃度在4272 mg/L時,最大產(chǎn)氫速率為3.58±0.47 m3H2/m3/d,氫氣產(chǎn)率為16.34 mmol H2/g COD,庫倫效率為111.60±9.11%,此時COD去除率有71.6±2.3%。當外加電壓從0.5 V增加到0.8 V時,MEC的最大產(chǎn)氫速率和氫氣產(chǎn)率均有提高,0.8 V外加電壓條件下COD去除率為70.1±2.41%。采用454高通量測序方法對MEC的陽極微生物進行分析,群落中含有較多的產(chǎn)電菌Geobacter。相比于單一底物乙酸鈉運行的反應(yīng)器,發(fā)酵廢液中含有葡萄糖、乙酸、丁酸等有機物,以發(fā)酵液為底物的MEC微生物群落多樣性更高,菌群種類復(fù)雜,實際的產(chǎn)氫效果與降解纖維素的產(chǎn)電菌有密切的聯(lián)系。最后,采用MFC處理MEC產(chǎn)氫廢液,考察了MFC陽極微生物的產(chǎn)電特性和COD去除效果。產(chǎn)氫廢液的COD濃度為1277±103 mg/L時,在MFC中最大功率密度為0.607 W/m2,此時COD去除率為90.5±2.84%,實現(xiàn)了有機物的利用和同步產(chǎn)電。
[Abstract]:China is a large agricultural country, producing 800 million tons of crop straw every year more than 30% can not be effectively used. Cellulose and hemicellulose contained in straw are high quality biomass resources. Biobutanol and hydrogen are important renewable energy, which can be used in energy, transportation fuel and other fields. When cellulose is hydrolyzed to monosaccharide, butanol can be produced by biological fermentation of reducing sugar. The use of cellulose biomass to produce bio-energy and the utilization of straw has attracted wide attention. Microbial electrolysis cell (microbial electrolysis cell) is a new biological hydrogen production technology, which can produce hydrogen efficiently while treating organic wastewater. In this experiment, the method of promoting the fermentation of butanol from corn straw hydrolysate was studied based on the step utilization of straw, and the feasibility of using MEC to produce hydrogen from butanol fermentation waste liquor was explored. Microbial Fuel cell (MFCs) was used to treat the waste liquid of MEC hydrogen production. Based on this, the method of improving biomass utilization rate was put forward by fermentation of straw hydrolysate to produce butanol -MEC. In this study, the pretreatment method, the removal method of inhibitor in cellulase hydrolysis buffer solution and hydrolysate were studied to improve the saccharification rate of corn straw. The concentration of reducing sugar was 30.90 g / L under the condition of dilute acid pretreatment and acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution. The pretreatment inhibitor was effectively removed by lime method and the concentration of butanol was 1.1 times higher than that of the control group. During the fermentation of straw hydrolysate, the yield of butanol was significantly increased by adding appropriate amount of exogenous electron carrier (benzyl violet, methyl blue). When corn straw hydrolysate contained 20 mg/L benzyl violet, butanol and solvent were 6.49 g / L and 8.14 g / L, respectively. The yield of butanol was increased to 0.41 g/g.MEC. The final hydrogen production and the removal efficiency of COD were greatly affected by the different concentration of fermentation waste liquor. At the influent concentration of 4272 mg/L, the maximum hydrogen production rate was 3.58 鹵0.47m3H _ 2 / m _ 3 / d, the hydrogen yield was 16.34 mmol H _ 2 / g COD, the Coulomb efficiency was 111.60 鹵9.11 and the COD removal rate was 71.6 鹵2.3%. When the applied voltage was increased from 0.5 V to 0.8 V, the maximum hydrogen production rate and hydrogen yield were increased. The COD removal rate was 70.1 鹵2.41 at 0.8 V applied voltage. The anodic microbes of MEC were analyzed by 454 high-throughput sequencing method. Compared with the reactor run by single substrate sodium acetate, the fermentation waste liquid contains glucose, acetic acid, butyric acid and other organic matter. The microbial community diversity of MEC with fermentation broth as substrate is higher and the species of bacteria is more complex. The actual hydrogen production effect is closely related to the cellulose-degrading electro-producing bacteria. Finally, MFC was used to treat MEC hydrogen production waste liquid, and the electricity production characteristics of MFC anode microorganism and the removal efficiency of COD were investigated. The maximum power density in MFC was 0.607 W / m ~ (2) when the concentration of COD was 1277 鹵10 ~ 3 mg/L, and the removal rate of COD was 90.5 鹵2.84. The utilization of organic compounds and the simultaneous generation of electricity were realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ923;TQ116.2;X712

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張崇尚;劉樂;陸岐楠;徐新良;仇煥廣;;中國秸稈能源化利用潛力與秸稈能源企業(yè)區(qū)域布局研究[J];資源科學(xué);2017年03期

2 王春芳;馬詩淳;黃艷;劉來雁;凡慧;鄧宇;;降解水稻秸稈的復(fù)合菌系及其微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)演替[J];微生物學(xué)報;2016年12期

3 李仁強;靳艷玲;郜曉峰;張國華;趙海;;硫酸亞鐵促進Clostridium acetobutylicum CICC8012發(fā)酵麥秸水解液產(chǎn)丁醇[J];應(yīng)用與環(huán)境生物學(xué)報;2015年03期

4 袁志慧;尤朝陽;王磊;張路廣;;秸稈厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)沼氣技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀進展[J];環(huán)�？萍�;2015年02期

5 武國慶;;我國農(nóng)作物秸稈能源化利用產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀與展望[J];生物產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù);2015年02期

6 王維大;李浩然;馮雅麗;唐新華;杜竹瑋;杜云龍;;微生物燃料電池的研究應(yīng)用進展[J];化工進展;2014年05期

7 岳國君;武國慶;林鑫;;纖維素乙醇工程化探討[J];生物工程學(xué)報;2014年06期

8 劉宇;史同瑞;朱丹丹;李陽;朱戰(zhàn)波;;玉米秸稈利用現(xiàn)狀及其生物發(fā)酵技術(shù)研究進展[J];中國畜牧雜志;2014年06期

9 王云;倪曄;孫志浩;宋剛;夏子義;;Clostridium saccharobutylicum利用玉米秸稈水解液發(fā)酵生產(chǎn)燃料丁醇[J];食品與生物技術(shù)學(xué)報;2012年09期

10 趙志國;陳海珊;覃香香;周玉恒;蔡愛華;張厚瑞;;木質(zhì)纖維素水解物生物脫毒的研究進展[J];桂林理工大學(xué)學(xué)報;2011年03期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 熊蓮;黃超;陳新德;馬隆隆;陳勇;;秸稈綜合利用零排放工藝[A];中國化工學(xué)會2011年年會暨第四屆全國石油和化工行業(yè)節(jié)能節(jié)水減排技術(shù)論壇論文集[C];2011年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 趙鵬翔;玉米秸稈纖維乙醇聯(lián)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)化過程及機理研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

2 路璐;生物質(zhì)微生物電解池強化產(chǎn)氫及陽極群落結(jié)構(gòu)環(huán)境響應(yīng)[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 田磊;玉米秸稈水解液為底物發(fā)酵產(chǎn)丁醇的研究[D];青島大學(xué);2015年

2 賈建娜;微生物電化學(xué)系統(tǒng)處理食物殘渣與能源回收[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

3 李小虎;秸稈類生物質(zhì)結(jié)合暗發(fā)酵-MEC兩階段過程高效產(chǎn)氫的研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2014年

4 程翔;脫毒和萃取技術(shù)發(fā)酵玉米秸稈水解液產(chǎn)丁醇研究[D];河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

5 周燦燦;丙酮丁醇梭菌的選育及高強度丁醇發(fā)酵的研究[D];江南大學(xué);2012年

6 何雷;厭氧—好氧生物處理正丁醇發(fā)酵廢水的研究[D];天津大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號：1889453