發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-13 06:57

  本文選題：U形管式換熱器 + 管板��； 參考：《青島科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：管殼式換熱器是石油化工生產(chǎn)中最常見的化工設(shè)備,而管板在換熱器正常工作時(shí)承受著壓力載荷和溫度載荷共同作用,正確分析管板受力狀態(tài)對(duì)整臺(tái)換熱器的安全性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性起到重要作用。本論文以U形管式換熱器為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)工藝設(shè)計(jì)條件及GB151,詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)出U形管式換熱器的整體結(jié)構(gòu)。該換熱器管板厚度為57mm；管板分別與殼體法蘭和管箱法蘭連接；管板采用正三角形布管；管孔間距為25mm。由于管板結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,采用Solidworks建立其三維模型并導(dǎo)入ANSYS進(jìn)行分析。本文分析了管板在管程壓力和殼程壓力作用下的應(yīng)力分布,在管板最大應(yīng)力位置處做線性應(yīng)力析,并按照分析設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)JB4732對(duì)膜應(yīng)力、彎曲應(yīng)力和膜應(yīng)力+彎曲應(yīng)力做安全評(píng)定。通過對(duì)管板溫度場(chǎng)分析得到結(jié)論是：在管板很小一部分厚度處溫度接近于管程溫度,大部分厚度處溫度接近于殼程溫度。分析了管板在溫度載荷和壓力載荷作用下的五種不同操作工況,應(yīng)用ANSYS有限元分析軟件對(duì)管板做熱力耦合分析。并對(duì)管板分別進(jìn)行三角形和正方形布管研究,分析結(jié)果表明溫度載荷對(duì)厚管板產(chǎn)生較大的溫差應(yīng)力,管板發(fā)生最危險(xiǎn)工況是停車的瞬間。此外,根據(jù)分析結(jié)果對(duì)換熱器在開車或停車的順序做了合理安排,從而避免換熱器發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)狀況。通過分析,管板依據(jù)GB151設(shè)計(jì)是非常保守的。根據(jù)優(yōu)化分析原理,本論文對(duì)減薄厚的管板做了最大危險(xiǎn)工況分析和屈曲分析,其結(jié)果表明減薄后的管板厚度仍然滿足條件要求。本論文對(duì)研究U形管式換熱器管板研究具有一定的工程意義及參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The shell and tube heat exchanger is the most common chemical equipment in petrochemical production, and the tube plate is subjected to pressure load and temperature load when the heat exchanger is working normally. Correctly analyzing the stress state of tube and plate plays an important role in the safety and economy of the whole heat exchanger. In this paper, the whole structure of U-tube heat exchanger is designed according to the process design conditions and GB151. The thickness of the tube and plate of the heat exchanger is 57 mm, the tube plate is connected with the shell flange and the tube box flange, the tube plate is arranged in a triangle and the spacing of the tube hole is 25 mm. Because of the complex structure of tube-plate, Solidworks is used to set up the three-dimensional model and import ANSYS to analyze it. In this paper, the stress distribution of tube and plate under the action of tube side pressure and shell side pressure is analyzed. The linear stress analysis is made at the position of maximum stress of tube and plate, and the safety assessment of membrane stress, bending stress and membrane stress bending stress is made according to the analytical design standard JB4732. Through the analysis of the temperature field of the tube plate, it is concluded that the temperature is close to the tube side temperature at a very small part of the tube plate thickness, and the temperature near the shell side temperature at most of the tube plate thickness. Five different operating conditions of tube-plate under temperature and pressure loads are analyzed. The coupled thermo-mechanical analysis of tube-plate is carried out by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The results show that the temperature load produces a large temperature difference stress on the thick tube-plate, and the most dangerous condition of the tube-plate is the moment of stopping. In addition, according to the results of the analysis, the order of starting or stopping the heat exchanger is arranged reasonably, so as to avoid the dangerous condition of the heat exchanger. Through analysis, the tube plate is very conservative according to GB151 design. According to the principle of optimization analysis, the maximum dangerous condition analysis and buckling analysis of thinned tube-plate are carried out in this paper. The results show that the thickness of thinned tube-plate still meets the requirements of the condition. This paper has certain engineering significance and reference value for the research of U-tube heat exchanger tube plate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ051.5

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