本文選題：粉煤灰 + 活性氧化鋁　； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：活性氧化鋁是一種具有多孔性的固體物料,有很大的比外表積,是具有高吸附性能的固體材料。粉煤灰是燃煤電廠排出的主要固體廢物,它的氧化物組成主要為:Si O2、Al2O3、Fe O、Fe2O3等。利用粉煤灰制備活性氧化鋁既可以做到廢物利用,又可以生產(chǎn)出高附加值得吸附產(chǎn)品,對環(huán)境保護(hù)和工業(yè)發(fā)展都有重要意義。本論文以粉煤灰為鋁(Al)源,采用酸堿聯(lián)合法制備活性氧化鋁,以表面活性劑為改性劑,通過有機(jī)物和無機(jī)物之間的自組裝作用對其進(jìn)行改性,對改性前后產(chǎn)物物相組成、形貌、孔隙度、孔徑、比表面積進(jìn)行X射線物相分析,掃描電子顯微鏡形貌分析,BET法比表面測定等表征;并比較地研究了改性前、后活性氧化鋁對重金屬離子廢水中銅離子的吸附性能特征,探討了吸附機(jī)理。本文采用粉煤灰與純堿混合—中溫?zé)Y(jié)—浸入硫酸—過濾—煅燒的工藝制備出純活性氧化鋁。結(jié)果表明,優(yōu)化工藝條件為初始純堿與粉煤灰的質(zhì)量比例:0.90:1、燒結(jié)時間為4小時(h),氫氧化鋁的煅燒溫度為400℃、煅燒時間為5小時(h),所得產(chǎn)物的比表面積為357.057m2/g,孔容為0.35cm3/g,平均孔徑為4.317nm。在優(yōu)化工藝條件下,分別用三種不同的改性劑(十六烷基三甲基溴化銨(CTAB)、聚乙烯亞胺(PEI)、羧酸鈉)對上述活性氧化鋁改性。經(jīng)三種不同的改性劑改性后的產(chǎn)物均為純活性氧化鋁,其比表面積、孔容和平均孔徑分別為:369.701 m2/g,0.37cm3/g,4.265nm(CTAB);371.942 m2/g,0.36 cm3/g,4.197nm(PEI);365.721m2/g,0.40cm3/g,4.287nm(羧酸鈉)。結(jié)果表明,三種改性劑在不同程度上均提高了產(chǎn)物的比表面積、孔容和平均孔徑,其中經(jīng)PEI改性的活性氧化鋁比表面積增加最明顯。通過改性前后的活性氧化鋁吸附重金屬液中銅離子的吸附試驗(yàn),在控制吸附時間,廢水模擬液初始濃度,p H值等條件下對其吸附性能進(jìn)行表征,結(jié)果表明,改性前的活性氧化鋁吸附的最佳的p H值和吸附率分別為5和68.79%,利用不同改性劑改性后活性氧化鋁吸附優(yōu)化的p H值和吸附率分別為:CTAB改性的為5和75.43%,PEI改性的為3和77.02%,羧酸鈉改性的為3和76.22%,經(jīng)三種改性劑改性,不同程度上均提高產(chǎn)物對重離子廢水中銅離子的吸附率。其中PEI改性效果最佳,在其最佳p H條件下,對重金屬廢水中銅離子吸附率達(dá)到77.02%。
[Abstract]:Active alumina is a kind of porous solid material with large specific surface product. It is a solid material with high adsorption performance. Fly ash is the main solid waste discharged from coal-fired power plants, and its oxide composition is mainly composed of:% Sio _ 2, Al _ 2O _ 3, Fe, O _ 2O _ 3 and so on. The preparation of activated alumina from fly ash can not only make use of waste, but also produce high value-added adsorbed products, which is of great significance to environmental protection and industrial development. In this paper, fly ash was used as Al source and acid-base method was used to prepare active alumina. Surfactant was used as modifier, which was modified by self-assembly between organic and inorganic compounds. The phase composition and morphology of the products before and after modification were studied. The porosity, pore size and specific surface area were characterized by X-ray phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology analysis and BET method. The adsorption characteristics of copper ion in heavy metal ion wastewater by post-activated alumina were studied, and the adsorption mechanism was discussed. In this paper, pure active alumina was prepared by mixing fly ash with soda, sintering at medium temperature, soaking in sulfuric acid, filtering and calcining. The results show that the optimum process conditions are as follows: mass ratio of initial soda to fly ash: 0.90: 1, sintering time 4 hours, calcination temperature of aluminum hydroxide 400 鈩，

本文編號：1879020