發(fā)布時間：2018-05-04 09:53

  本文選題：納濾膜 + 抗污染性能　； 參考：《浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：納濾膜因在分離過程中有操作壓力低、選擇分離性好等優(yōu)勢而被廣泛使用,但因其在分離過程中易受蛋白污染而導(dǎo)致其通量下降,截留率降低,使用壽命減短,這大大限制了納濾膜的使用范圍,因此納濾膜的污染問題亟待解決。兩性離子可以通過氫鍵和庫倫力在其周圍形成牢固的水層,從而有效地抑制蛋白質(zhì)吸附,這一特性使其成為制備超低污染膜的有效改性材料之一。本文主要通過兩步法將叔銨基和磺酸基接枝到聚哌嗪酰胺納濾膜表面,重點研究此改性方法中兩性離子納濾膜的抗污染性能及其影響因素。在偶氮二異丁腈(AIBN)的引發(fā)作用下,將甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)接枝到聚哌嗪酰胺納濾膜的表面,隨后用1,3-丙磺酸內(nèi)脂進行季銨化處理,在膜的表面形成磺酸型兩性離子。采用FTIR、XPS、AFM、SEM等進行分析,結(jié)果表明兩性離子已成功接枝到膜表面,且膜表面的粗糙度和親水性較改性前均有所增加,這使膜表面與水接觸面積增大,從而起到提高膜通量的作用。同時膜改性前后內(nèi)部和表面結(jié)構(gòu)均沒有發(fā)生明顯改變,這說明改性接枝反應(yīng)并沒有對膜的結(jié)構(gòu)造成破壞。此外,采用牛血清蛋白為模型蛋白對改性后的膜進行動態(tài)和靜態(tài)蛋白吸附測試,結(jié)果顯示隨著兩性離子接枝密度的增加,膜對蛋白質(zhì)的吸附量從原始膜120μg/cm2顯著下降到1.86μg/cm2,表明經(jīng)改性后的膜表面對于抑制蛋白質(zhì)吸附的能力已大大提高。膜的動態(tài)過濾實驗也表明經(jīng)改性的納濾膜,其通量恢復(fù)率得到明顯提高。當(dāng)1,3-丙磺酸內(nèi)脂接枝密度為311μg/cm2時,膜的水通量從68.3L/m2·h提高到了88 L/m2·h,同時經(jīng)蛋白污染后其通量降低率為37.2%。而原始納濾膜的通量降低率為57.6%,表明改性后的納濾膜受到污染后,其通量降低率小于改性前。膜的通量恢復(fù)率可達到92.00%,而空白膜的通量恢復(fù)率僅為67.20%,這均說明膜的抗生物污染性能已得到了明顯提高。最后采用阻力疊加模型分析改性后的納濾膜在蛋白分離過程中的阻力及阻力分布情況。結(jié)果表明:經(jīng)改性后的納濾膜在蛋白分離過程中的阻力主要來自膜本身的阻力(Rm),其約占總阻力的75.38%,濃差極化阻力及邊界層阻力依次為15.08%、9.53%,低于原始納濾膜的27.52%、21.96%。這表明經(jīng)改性后的膜較空白膜的抗生物污染性能已有明顯提高,在蛋白分離及生物醫(yī)藥領(lǐng)域有較好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Nanofiltration membrane is widely used because of its advantages of low operating pressure and good selectivity in the separation process. However, the flux, retention rate and service life of nanofiltration membrane are decreased due to its easy contamination by protein in the separation process. This greatly limits the scope of application of nanofiltration membrane, so the pollution of nanofiltration membrane needs to be solved. Amphoteric ions can form a solid water layer around them by hydrogen bonding and Coulomb force, which effectively inhibits the adsorption of proteins, which makes them one of the effective modified materials for the preparation of ultralow fouling films. In this paper, the tertiary ammonium group and sulfonic acid group were grafted onto the surface of polypiperazinamide nanofiltration membrane by two-step method. The anti-fouling performance of amphoteric nanofiltration membrane and its influencing factors were studied. Under the initiation of azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN), dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was grafted onto the surface of poly (piperazinamide) nanofiltration membrane. The results show that the amphoteric ions have been grafted onto the membrane surface successfully, and the roughness and hydrophilicity of the membrane surface have been increased compared with those before modification, which increases the water contact area between the membrane surface and the water, thus enhancing the membrane flux. At the same time, there was no obvious change in the internal and surface structure before and after the membrane modification, which indicated that the modified graft reaction did not damage the membrane structure. In addition, bovine serum protein was used as model protein to test the dynamic and static protein adsorption of the modified membrane. The results showed that the grafting density of amphoteric ions increased with the increase of amphoteric ion grafting density. The amount of protein adsorbed by the modified membrane decreased significantly from 120 渭 g/cm2 to 1.86 渭 g / cm ~ (2), which indicated that the ability of the modified membrane surface to inhibit the adsorption of protein was greatly improved. The dynamic filtration experiments also showed that the flux recovery rate of the modified nanofiltration membrane was improved obviously. The water flux of the membrane increased from 68.3L/m2 h to 88 L/m2 h when the grafting density was 311 渭 g/cm2, and the flux decreased by 37.2% after protein contamination. The flux reduction rate of the original nanofiltration membrane was 57.6, which indicated that the flux reduction rate of the modified nanofiltration membrane was lower than that of the modified membrane after fouling. The flux recovery rate of the membrane was 92.00 and that of the blank membrane was only 67.20, which indicated that the anti-fouling performance of the membrane had been improved obviously. Finally, the resistance and resistance distribution of the modified nanofiltration membrane in the process of protein separation were analyzed by resistance superposition model. The results showed that the resistance of the modified nanofiltration membrane in the process of protein separation mainly came from the resistance of the membrane itself, which accounted for about 75.38% of the total resistance. The concentration polarization resistance and the boundary layer resistance were 15.08 and 9.53 respectively, which were lower than that of the original nanofiltration membrane (27.52 ~ 21.96). This shows that the modified membrane has better anti-pollution performance than the blank membrane, and has a good application prospect in the field of protein separation and biomedicine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ051.893

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4 高t，

本文編號：1842581