本文選題：甜菜糖蜜 + 制備��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：地球上存在著可再生資源和不可再生資源，這些能源資源可以被儲存。例如煤炭、天然瀝青、油頁巖、原油、天然氣和超重油等不可再生資源；太陽能、生物能、風(fēng)能和潮汐能等可再生資源。隨著全球工業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，大量的化石資源不斷被消耗，導(dǎo)致資源短缺，二氧化碳、二氧化硫等有害氣體的排放嚴(yán)重的污染了環(huán)境。因而我們正在尋找新的可合理利用的能源來代替不可再生資源。 生物質(zhì)是一種可再生資源，而且是可再生資源中的碳源，例如農(nóng)業(yè)、林業(yè)及生活廢棄物等，可以作為制備碳質(zhì)材料的原料。生物質(zhì)作為可再生資源，經(jīng)過加工處理轉(zhuǎn)化為固態(tài)、液態(tài)以及氣態(tài)燃料，從而代替煤炭、天然氣等化石資源，利用其制備一系列的燃料以及化工產(chǎn)品。 基于以上背景，本論文以生物質(zhì)中的甜菜糖蜜為原料，通過水熱合成法制備碳材料，并對其性能進行研究： 1.以甜菜糖蜜為原料，采用水熱合成法合成了糖蜜基水熱炭球，探討了溫度、時間、糖蜜濃度對水熱炭產(chǎn)率的影響。 通過對產(chǎn)品進行的EDX及元素分析，經(jīng)過水熱碳化，減少了原糖蜜中含有的Na、Mg、Al、S、Cl、Ca等元素的含量，而C含量升高。發(fā)現(xiàn)通過SEM、XRD和FTIR的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，糖蜜基水熱炭是粒子尺寸較大、類球形的水熱炭球，而且有一定的石墨化趨勢，并且表面帶有大量的有機官能團（O-H、C-H、C=O和C=C）。 2.以上述實驗制備得到的糖蜜基水熱炭為原料，KOH為活化劑，合成了高比表面積、類球形的多孔炭。探討了活化溫度、活化時間、活化比例對多孔炭產(chǎn)率的影響，以及這些活化條件對多孔炭微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、表面性能的影響。糖蜜基多孔炭具有良好的電容性能，討論了活化條件對多孔炭比電容的影響，糖蜜基多孔炭的最大比電容值為170.5F g-1。 3.以糖蜜基水熱炭為原料，H3PO4為活化劑，合成了高產(chǎn)率、塊狀、非晶態(tài)無定型結(jié)構(gòu)的多孔炭。進而探討了活化溫度、活化時間以及浸漬比對糖蜜基多孔炭產(chǎn)率的影響，并對其微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、表面性能進行了表征。也對不同條件下的多孔炭進行了電化學(xué)性質(zhì)的測試，磷酸活化法制備得到的糖蜜基多孔炭的最大比電容值為137.0F g-1。 本論文以甜菜糖蜜為原料制備了水熱炭，探討了水熱炭的產(chǎn)率，并通過物理以及化學(xué)表征手段對水熱炭的結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌進行了表征。繼而以糖蜜基水熱炭為原料制備了糖蜜基多孔碳材料，探討了多孔炭的產(chǎn)率，對多孔炭進行了表征，并對多孔炭進行了電化學(xué)測試，發(fā)現(xiàn)其具有良好的電化學(xué)性質(zhì)。甜菜糖蜜經(jīng)過化學(xué)處理后，，提高了其本身的性能，可以創(chuàng)造出巨大的經(jīng)濟價值，同時也減少了環(huán)境的污染。
[Abstract]:There are renewable and non-renewable resources on earth, which can be stored. Examples include non-renewable resources such as coal, natural asphalt, oil shale, crude oil, natural gas and overweight oil; renewable resources such as solar, biomass, wind and tidal energy. With the rapid development of global industry, a large number of fossil resources are constantly consumed, resulting in a shortage of resources, emissions of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide have seriously polluted the environment. So we are looking for new sources of energy that can be used reasonably to replace non-renewable resources. Biomass is a renewable resource, and it is a carbon source in renewable resources, such as agriculture, forestry and domestic waste, which can be used as raw materials for the preparation of carbon materials. Biomass, as a renewable resource, is converted into solid, liquid and gaseous fuels after processing, which replaces fossil resources such as coal and natural gas, and uses them to prepare a series of fuels and chemical products. Based on the above background, the carbon material was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis from beet molasses in biomass and its properties were studied. 1. The hydrothermic carbon spheres based on molasses were synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis from beet molasses. The effects of temperature, time and molasses concentration on the yield of hydrothermal carbon were discussed. Through EDX and elemental analysis of the product, the content of Na _ 2O _ mg _ (AlN) _ (C) in molasses was reduced by hydrothermal carbonization, while the content of C was increased. It is found that molasses based hydrothermal carbon is a large size spherical hydrothermic carbon sphere with a certain graphitization trend and a large number of organic functional groups such as O-HNC-HNCZO and CZC ~ (2 +) on the surface of molasses by means of FTIR and XRD. The results show that the hydrothermic carbon based on molasses is large in size, spherical in size, and has a tendency of graphitization. 2. Porous carbon with high specific surface area and spherical shape was synthesized by using molasses based hydrothermal carbon as raw material and Koh as activator. The effects of activation temperature, activation time, activation ratio on the yield of porous carbon and the effects of these activation conditions on the microstructure and surface properties of porous carbon were discussed. The effect of activation conditions on the specific capacitance of molasses based porous carbon was discussed. The maximum specific capacitance of molasses based porous carbon was 170.5 F g -1. 3. Porous carbon with high yield, block shape and amorphous structure was synthesized with molasses based hydrothermal carbon as raw material and H _ 3PO _ 4 as activator. The effects of activation temperature, activation time and impregnation ratio on the yield of molasses based porous carbon were discussed, and the microstructure and surface properties were characterized. The electrochemical properties of porous carbon were also tested under different conditions. The maximum specific capacitance of molasses based porous carbon prepared by phosphoric acid activation method was 137.0 F g -1. In this paper, hydrothermal carbon was prepared from beet molasses. The yield of hydrothermal carbon was discussed. The structure and morphology of hydrothermal carbon were characterized by physical and chemical methods. Then, molasses based porous carbon materials were prepared from molasses based hydrothermal carbon. The yield of porous carbon was discussed, and the porous carbon was characterized. The electrochemical test of porous carbon showed that the porous carbon had good electrochemical properties. After chemical treatment, beet molasses can improve its own performance, create great economic value and reduce environmental pollution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ127.11

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