本文選題：高純碲 + 真空蒸餾��； 參考：《遼寧工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：碲是現(xiàn)代高科技工業(yè)、國(guó)防及尖端技術(shù)領(lǐng)域等所需高新材料的支撐材料，被稱為“現(xiàn)代工業(yè)、國(guó)防與尖端技術(shù)的維生素”。碲的純度是直接影響其應(yīng)用的重要因素。制備高純碲的方法有化學(xué)提純和物理提純兩種�；瘜W(xué)提純法由于容器與原料碲中雜質(zhì)的污染，使得到的碲純度受到一定的限制，只有用化學(xué)方法將碲提純到一定純度之后，再用物理方法提純，才能將金屬材料碲的純度提到一個(gè)新的高度。 本文設(shè)計(jì)并組裝了塔式真空蒸餾碲提純爐和真空管式碲區(qū)域熔煉提純爐，進(jìn)行了碲的真空蒸餾-區(qū)域熔煉提純的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。本文主要研究了碲的真空蒸餾提純工藝和區(qū)域熔煉提純工藝及相關(guān)的影響因素對(duì)碲純度的影響。 研究表明，碲及其中雜質(zhì)元素的飽和蒸汽壓隨著溫度的升高而增大；當(dāng)蒸餾溫度為550℃時(shí)，由于飽和蒸汽壓遠(yuǎn)低于Te的飽和蒸汽壓，故Cu、Al、Fe、Si、Pb、Bi會(huì)較多的殘留在液相中；Mg的飽和蒸汽壓略低于Te的飽和蒸汽壓，因此會(huì)有較多的Mg揮發(fā)進(jìn)入氣相；Na、As、Se的飽和蒸汽壓比碲的飽和蒸汽壓高，則易于揮發(fā)進(jìn)入氣相。感應(yīng)線圈輸出功率和熔區(qū)移動(dòng)速度是影響熔區(qū)寬度的兩個(gè)主要因素，當(dāng)熔區(qū)移動(dòng)速度一定時(shí)，隨著感應(yīng)線圈輸出功率的增加，，熔區(qū)寬度變大；當(dāng)線圈輸出功率一定時(shí)，熔區(qū)移動(dòng)速度越慢，熔區(qū)寬度越大。 將蒸餾提純后的碲用本文設(shè)計(jì)的真空管式碲區(qū)熔提純爐提純，并采用合適的區(qū)熔工藝，可將純度為近4N的碲提純到近6N。雜質(zhì)元素Cu、Si的含量均減少了3個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)，Pb、Al、Fe、Na、Se、Mg的含量均減少了2個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)，Bi、As的含量均減少了1個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)。 本文設(shè)計(jì)的塔式真空蒸餾碲提純爐和真空管式碲區(qū)域熔煉提純爐，研究的蒸餾-區(qū)域熔煉碲提純工藝對(duì)于高純碲的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)有一定的參考作用。
[Abstract]:Tellurium is the support material of high-tech industry, national defense and advanced technology. It is called "vitamin of modern industry, national defense and cutting-edge technology". The purity of tellurium is an important factor directly affecting its application. There are two methods for preparing high purity tellurium: chemical purification and physical purification. Due to the contamination of impurities in tellurium in containers and raw materials, the purity of tellurium obtained by chemical purification method is limited to a certain extent. Only after the tellurium is purified to a certain purity by chemical method, the purity of tellurium can be purified by physical method. The purity of the metallic material tellurium can be raised to a new level. In this paper, the tower vacuum distillation tellurium purification furnace and the vacuum tube type tellurium regional melting refining furnace were designed and assembled. The vacuum distillation and regional melting purification of tellurium were studied experimentally. In this paper, the vacuum distillation and purification process of tellurium and the influence factors on the purity of tellurium are studied. The results show that the saturated vapor pressure of tellurium and its impurity elements increases with the increase of temperature, and when the distillation temperature is 550 鈩

本文編號(hào)：1802145