本文選題：換熱器管束 + 振動　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：換熱器的管束振動可引起管子的微量磨損和疲勞,維修和更換換熱管耗費(fèi)高昂。至于管子振動的機(jī)理,目前比較一致的觀點(diǎn)有四種,即:旋渦脫落、湍流抖振、流體彈性不穩(wěn)定性以及聲共振,其中,流體彈性不穩(wěn)定性是流體誘發(fā)管束振動的最危險(xiǎn)的誘發(fā)因素,極易引起管子的大幅度振動導(dǎo)致其在支撐處被快速磨損。目前,已經(jīng)存在許多關(guān)于流體彈性不穩(wěn)定性的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,但由于振動機(jī)理的復(fù)雜性,相關(guān)的設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則在學(xué)術(shù)界并未給出統(tǒng)一的結(jié)論。因此,有關(guān)流體彈性不穩(wěn)定性的研究還需要進(jìn)一步的展開,為換熱器的設(shè)計(jì)提供更多的理論依據(jù)。本文創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)了可用于單相流和兩相流誘發(fā)管束振動的實(shí)驗(yàn)測試平臺。在實(shí)驗(yàn)的過程中,研究了和對比了正方形和正三角形排列、節(jié)徑比為1.28和1.33的四種管束裝置的流體彈性不穩(wěn)定性,并測試了管束在單相流和兩相流中的振動特性。同時(shí),本文還采用計(jì)算流體力學(xué)(CFD)和流固耦合的方法,使用經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證的有限元模型對管束振動的流體彈性不穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了模擬研究,得到了流場和結(jié)構(gòu)場中的信息,并進(jìn)行分析,補(bǔ)充了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的內(nèi)容,對深入理解流體彈性不穩(wěn)定性的機(jī)理提供幫助。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):a)無論在單相流還是兩相流中,在相同條件下,正方形排列的管束結(jié)構(gòu)比正三角形排列的管束結(jié)構(gòu)更穩(wěn)定;b)在含氣率低于80%的兩相橫向流中,對于節(jié)徑比不小于1.28的正三角形和正方形排列管束,推薦正三角形排列管束的不穩(wěn)定常數(shù)K為3.4,正方形排列管束的不穩(wěn)定常數(shù)K為4.0;c)隨著節(jié)點(diǎn)流速的增大,管束流體彈性不穩(wěn)定性的主振方向從曳力方向向升力方向轉(zhuǎn)化;d)管束排列方式中,發(fā)生流體彈性不穩(wěn)定性的難易程度依次為:正方形最難,正三角形次之,轉(zhuǎn)置正方形再次之,轉(zhuǎn)置正三角形最容易;e)發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著節(jié)徑比的增大,發(fā)生流體彈性不穩(wěn)定性的臨界流速也逐漸增大。
[Abstract]:The vibration of tube bundle of heat exchanger can cause slight wear and fatigue of the tube, and it is expensive to repair and replace the heat exchanger tube. As for the mechanism of tube vibration, there are four kinds of views: vortex shedding, turbulent buffeting, fluid elastic instability and acoustic resonance. Fluid elastic instability is the most dangerous factor of fluid induced tube bundle vibration. It is easy to cause the tube vibration to cause rapid wear at the support. At present, there are many experimental studies on fluid elastic instability. However, due to the complexity of vibration mechanism, the relevant design criteria have not come to a unified conclusion in academic circles. Therefore, the study of fluid elastic instability needs to be further developed to provide more theoretical basis for the design of heat exchangers. In this paper, an experimental test platform for the vibration of tube bundle induced by single phase flow and two phase flow is designed. In the course of the experiment, the fluid elastic instability of four kinds of tube bundle devices with square and triangular arrangement, nodal diameter ratio of 1.28 and 1.33 are studied and the vibration characteristics of the tube bundle in single-phase flow and two-phase flow are tested. At the same time, the fluid elastic instability of the tube bundle vibration is simulated by using the finite element model verified by the experiment, and the information in the flow field and the structure field is obtained by using the method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and fluid-solid coupling. The analysis is carried out to supplement the content of the experimental study and to provide help for further understanding of the mechanism of fluid elastic instability. The results show that in both single-phase and two-phase flows, the square bundle structure is more stable than the triangular bundle bundle structure under the same conditions) in the two-phase transverse flow, where the gas content is less than 80%. For the square and triangular bundle with nodal diameter ratio of not less than 1.28, it is recommended that the unstable constant K of the triangular bundle is 3.4, and the instability constant K of the square bundle is 4.0 C) with the increase of the flow velocity of the node. The main vibration direction of the fluid elastic instability of the tube bundle is changed from the direction of drag to the direction of lift. In the arrangement of the tube bundle, the order of difficulty of the fluid elastic instability is as follows: the square is the most difficult, the triangle is the second, and the square is transposed again. It is found that the critical velocity of fluid elastic instability increases with the increase of nodal diameter ratio.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ051.5

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