本文選題：超濾 + 表面偏析��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：制備高性能超濾膜(高通量、抗污染及強(qiáng)穩(wěn)定性)是解決超濾膜污染、成本高等問題的根本途徑。表面偏析法是一種在相轉(zhuǎn)化過程中對(duì)膜進(jìn)行原位改性的方法,其在相轉(zhuǎn)化過程中兼具表面改性和致孔雙重功能,通過改變膜改性材料的化學(xué)組成可構(gòu)建抗污染、溫度響應(yīng)等多種功能膜表面。然而,表面偏析法制備的超濾膜仍存在滲透通量較低、改性基團(tuán)易流失等不足,嚴(yán)重限制了表面偏析法的廣泛應(yīng)用。本論文針對(duì)上述問題,以聚氯乙烯(PVC)和聚醚砜(PES)為膜主體材料,聚乙烯醇縮甲醛(PVF)和間苯三酚(MTB)為膜改性材料,分別制備了PVC/PVF、PES/PEG-MTB和PES/PVF超濾膜,研究了膜主體材料與膜改性材料間的分子間弱相互作用(疏水相互作用、氫鍵相互作用及疏水和氫鍵協(xié)同相互作用等)對(duì)相轉(zhuǎn)化過程中膜主體材料的鏈運(yùn)動(dòng)行為、表面偏析過程中膜改性材料的表面偏析行為及超濾膜表面膜改性材料的駐留穩(wěn)定性的影響,具體概述如下:在相轉(zhuǎn)化過程中,膜主體材料與膜改性材料間的疏水相互作用顯著干擾膜主體材料的結(jié)晶、凝膠化和玻璃化等固化行為,提高膜滲透通量;氫鍵相互作用則因其作用長(zhǎng)度過短對(duì)膜滲透通量幾乎無影響;當(dāng)疏水和氫鍵相互作用共存時(shí),疏水相互作用與氫鍵相互作用將產(chǎn)生協(xié)同效應(yīng),強(qiáng)化膜改性材料對(duì)膜主體材料鏈運(yùn)動(dòng)行為的干擾,大幅提升膜滲透通量。在表面偏析過程中,膜主體材料與膜改性材料間的相互作用將顯著影響膜改性材料的偏析行為:當(dāng)兩者相互作用低于表面偏析閾值時(shí),膜改性材料將發(fā)生過偏析而無表面改性效果;當(dāng)兩者相互作用高于表面偏析閾值時(shí),膜改性材料將發(fā)生欠偏析使得需要更多的膜改性材料才能達(dá)到表面改性效果,制膜成本增加。此外,膜主體材料與膜改性材料間的相互作用越強(qiáng),則表面膜改性材料的駐留穩(wěn)定性越強(qiáng),可避免表面功能性基團(tuán)流失,提高膜的使用壽命。綜上,通過對(duì)膜改性材料的理性設(shè)計(jì),調(diào)控膜主體材料與膜改性材料間的相互作用,實(shí)現(xiàn)具有高通量、抗污染和強(qiáng)穩(wěn)定性的高性能超濾膜的可控制備。
[Abstract]:The preparation of high performance ultrafiltration membrane (high throughput, anti-fouling and strong stability) is the fundamental way to solve the problem of high cost and fouling of ultrafiltration membrane. The surface segregation method is a method of in-situ modification of the membrane in the process of phase transformation. It has the functions of both surface modification and pore formation in the process of phase transformation. It can be constructed to resist pollution by changing the chemical composition of the membrane modified material. Temperature response and other functional film surface. However, the ultrafiltration membrane prepared by surface segregation method still has some shortcomings such as low permeation flux and easy loss of modified groups, which seriously limits the wide application of surface segregation method. In order to solve the above problems, PVC / PVF / PEG-MTB and PES/PVF ultrafiltration membranes were prepared using PVC and PES as main membrane materials, PVF and MTB) as membrane modified materials, respectively. The chain motion behavior of the membrane host material in the phase transformation process was studied by the weak intermolecular interaction (hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bond interaction and hydrophobic and hydrogen bond synergistic interaction) between the membrane host material and the membrane modified material. In the process of surface segregation, the influence of the surface segregation behavior of membrane modified materials and the residence stability of ultrafiltration membrane surface modified materials are summarized as follows: in the process of phase transformation, The hydrophobic interaction between the membrane host material and the membrane modified material significantly interferes with the solidification behavior of the membrane main material such as crystallization gelation and vitrification so as to increase the permeation flux of the membrane. When hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions coexist, hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bond interaction will produce synergistic effect, while hydrogen bond interaction has little effect on membrane permeation flux due to its short interaction length, and when hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interaction coexists, hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bond interaction will produce synergistic effect. The disturbance of membrane modified material to the chain movement of the membrane body material was strengthened, and the permeation flux was greatly increased. In the process of surface segregation, the interaction between the film host material and the membrane modified material will significantly affect the segregation behavior of the membrane modified material: when the interaction between the two materials is lower than the surface segregation threshold, When the interaction between the two materials is higher than the surface segregation threshold, the membrane modified material will be undersegregated, and more membrane modified materials will be needed to achieve the surface modification effect. The cost of film preparation is increased. In addition, the stronger the interaction between the main membrane material and the membrane modified material, the stronger the residence stability of the surface membrane modified material, which can avoid the loss of the surface functional group and improve the service life of the membrane. In conclusion, through the rational design of the membrane modified material, the interaction between the main membrane material and the membrane modified material is regulated, and the controllable preparation of the high performance ultrafiltration membrane with high throughput, anti-fouling and strong stability is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ051.893

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