本文選題：泥巖 + 黏土礦物��； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：泥巖是煤系地層沉積巖中一種主要的構(gòu)成巖，其主要礦物成分有黏土礦物、碎屑礦物和后生礦物等，而黏土礦物含量所占的比例能達(dá)到40%以上。由于泥巖中含有大量的黏土礦物，其物理化學(xué)特性容易受到水、濕度、溫度和壓力等環(huán)境因素的影響，特別地，當(dāng)遇水時(shí)能表現(xiàn)出極強(qiáng)的吸水膨脹能力，容易發(fā)生軟化崩解現(xiàn)象。近些年，隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長，工程領(lǐng)域建設(shè)也加快了步伐，由于泥巖本身所具有的特性，對(duì)工程的穩(wěn)定性將會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大的影響,從而造成極大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。因此，力求探索出一種能改變泥巖本身的物理化學(xué)特性的方法，對(duì)于提高軟巖工程的長久安全穩(wěn)定是非常必要的。 鑒于此，本文采用富含黏土礦物的山東洼里煤礦底板泥質(zhì)頁巖作為研究對(duì)象，深入分析泥質(zhì)頁巖的物化特性和直流電作用下的電滲流機(jī)理，通過運(yùn)用電化學(xué)方法對(duì)泥質(zhì)頁巖進(jìn)行改性，并進(jìn)一步完成了泥質(zhì)頁巖的膨脹試驗(yàn)、泥質(zhì)頁巖的剪切破壞試驗(yàn)和相似模擬試驗(yàn)，取得了幾點(diǎn)成果，歸納如下： (1)系統(tǒng)地研究了各種雙電層的模型及理論，并對(duì)電化學(xué)作用泥巖過程中的電解、電滲流、電動(dòng)和電泳等機(jī)理進(jìn)行了探討。 (2)通過開展的不同電位梯度作用下重塑樣的膨脹試驗(yàn)，，發(fā)現(xiàn)電化學(xué)作用確實(shí)對(duì)巖樣的膨脹性起到了抑制作用。當(dāng)電位梯度為0.5V·cm-1時(shí)，重塑樣最終膨脹率最小，因此0.5V·cm-1為最佳電化學(xué)改性的電位梯度。 (3)通過開展泥質(zhì)頁巖的剪切破壞試驗(yàn)，可知電化學(xué)作用后的重塑樣，其平均抗拉強(qiáng)度在一定程度均得到了增強(qiáng)，其增強(qiáng)的范圍為23.08%～50.58%，其中電位梯度為0.5V·cm-1的電場(chǎng)作用效果最為明顯。 (4)通過開展相似模擬試驗(yàn)，系統(tǒng)分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)，試件陽極的強(qiáng)度都比陰極的強(qiáng)度大，且單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度的大小關(guān)系為：銅＞不銹鋼＞鋁。另外，相似模擬混合物試件電阻率的大小能反映其單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度，可為巖土工程中的檢驗(yàn)和測(cè)試提供一種簡捷的方法。綜合單軸抗拉強(qiáng)度的大小、電極材料的腐蝕程度、工程施工的操作性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性等因素，在礦山巷道圍巖改性施工的過程中，用不銹鋼的錨桿作為電極材料是一種行之有效的方法。
[Abstract]:Mudstone is one of the main components of sedimentary rocks in coal-bearing strata. Its main mineral components are clay minerals, clastic minerals and epigenetic minerals, and the proportion of clay mineral content can reach more than 40%. Because mudstone contains a lot of clay minerals, its physical and chemical properties are easily affected by environmental factors such as water, humidity, temperature and pressure. It is easy to soften and disintegrate. In recent years, with the rapid growth of China's economy, the construction of the engineering field has also accelerated the pace, because of the characteristics of mudstone itself, the stability of the project will have a huge impact, resulting in great economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a method to change the physical and chemical characteristics of mudstone in order to improve the long-term safety and stability of soft rock engineering. In view of this, the shale in the bottom plate of Wali Coal Mine, Shandong Province, which is rich in clay minerals, is used as the research object, and the physical and chemical characteristics of the shale and the electroosmotic mechanism under the direct current electric action are deeply analyzed. By using electrochemical method to modify shale, and further completed the expansion test of shaly shale, shearing failure test and similar simulation test of shaly shale, several achievements have been obtained, which can be summarized as follows: 1) the models and theories of various double layers are systematically studied, and the electrolysis, electroosmotic, electrokinetic and electrophoretic mechanisms in the process of electrochemical action on mudstone are discussed. 2) through the experiments of remolding samples under different potential gradient, it is found that electrochemical action does inhibit the dilatability of rock samples. When the potential gradient is 0.5 V cm-1, the final expansion rate of the remolded sample is the smallest, so 0.5V cm-1 is the best potential gradient for electrochemical modification. 3) through the shear failure test of shaly shale, it can be seen that the average tensile strength of the remolded sample after electrochemical action has been enhanced to a certain extent, and the range of enhancement is 23.08V / 50.58, and the electric field effect of the potential gradient of 0.5V / cm-1 is the most obvious. Through the similar simulation test, it is found that the strength of anode is higher than that of cathode, and the relation of uniaxial compressive strength is: copper > stainless steel > aluminum. In addition, the resistivity of similar simulated mixtures can reflect its uniaxial compressive strength, which can provide a simple and convenient method for testing and testing geotechnical engineering. Combined with the uniaxial tensile strength, the corrosion degree of electrode material, the maneuverability and economy of engineering construction, etc., in the process of modifying the surrounding rock of mine roadway, It is an effective method to use stainless steel anchor rod as electrode material.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD315;TQ150

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